
Class E 

Book i_i 

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COPYRIGHT DEPOSrr 



THE PAPERS OF 

CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

OF WAREHAM, MASS. 



COMPILED 



5From tfte Original iUccorti^ 



BY 



JAMES MINOR LINCOLN 



1904 



LIBRARY nf CONGRESS 
Two OoDies Received 

JUL 16 1904 
Oooyrteht Entry 



CLASS 

7 



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COPY B 



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COPYRIGHT 1903 BY JAMES MINOR LINCOLN 
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 



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DEDICATED 

TO THE MEMORY 

OF 

^ Captain lHufuief Lincoln 

A SOLDIER OF THE WAR FOR 

AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 

AND 

HIS WIFE 

Stptiia (c^prague) Lincoln 

BY 
THEIR DESCENDANTS 



PREFACE 

The following papers of our ancestor Rufus Lincoln, a captain in the Revo- 
lutionary War, which are now presented to the family, were fortunately preserved 
by his son. Minor Sprague Lincoln, and, as a descendant of both, I have long 
desired that our family should have the pleasure of reading the words of a partici- 
pant in that heroic struggle. 

The pages are given in his own words and style, without change, except for 
an occasional explanatory note and the supplying of missing data from authentic 
sources, to complete the story or article. 

As will be noted, the papers consist of a number of memorandum books or dia- 
ries, nearly all home-made, letters from some of his old soldier friends. Company 
Reports, and odd memoranda. 

Several of the books were written while he was a prisoner of war on parole at 
Flatlands, Long Island, some at New Windsor (Newburgh), N. Y., while in camp, 
and other entries made after his return home. 

Of these papers, the following have appeared in print : The List of Prisoners on 
Long Island was published in a different form, in the " Spirit of ' yG,'' September, 
1899, ^'^d the "American Magazine " for November, 1896, published the Celebration 
of the Birth of the Dauphin of France. 

Rufus Lincoln filed claims against the Government for his pay and for money 
advanced for the company he raised and equipped. With these claims were many 
valuable papers, among them his discharge, all of which were destroyed when the 
British burned Washington in 18 14. 

I wish to express my thanks to those whose generous help has enabled me to 
preserve to the family these valuable relics of our ancestor, especially to Messrs. 
Lincoln Godfrey, William P. Clyde, and Louis Barcroft Runk. 

James Minor Lincoln. 

Lincoln Hill, 

Wareham, Mass., March i, 1904. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



PAGE 



1. Diary Number One 3 

2. Diary Number Two 43 

3. Diary Number Three 65 

4. Diary Number Four 69 

5. Diary Number Five 99 

6. Diary Number Six 119 

7. Captain Lincoln Company Book 121 

8. Retained Copies of Muster Rolls of Captain Lincoln's Company . . 183 

9. The John Hewson Letters 209 

10. Letters from Army Friends 231 

11. Circular Letter from "The Society of the Cincinnati" 237 

12. Miscellaneous Papers: Fatigue Party Order. — Loose Sheets. — From 
AN Old Pocket Diary. — Certificate of Army Vouchers. — Pension Papers. 
— Account while Prisoner of War. — Commission as Constable. — Will 
AND Probate Papers of Nathaniel Lincoln. — Quit Claim of Thomas 
Linkon. — Receipt for Estate of Experience Lincoln. — George Gilbert 
Lincoln Letter 243 

13. Index 263 



BOOK ONE 



This book consists of a number of sheets of paper, cut to a size of 5J by 8J inches, and secured 
together by being sewed over and over on the edge. 

There is no cover to the book, nor is there evidence that it ever had one ; many pages appear to 
be missing from the front and back, and some have been taken from the middle, fortunately, how- 
ever, without breaking the narrative. 

It begins with the siege of Charleston, S. C, follows up with the Battle of Long Island and 
the Jersey campaign : then with the Saratoga campaign, in which we have an especial interest, 
as Rufus Lincoln marched his company from Taunton, Mass., to Fort Ticonderoga. N. Y., to take 
part in this very campaign and was present in all the engagements, and was at the surrender of 
General Burgoyne. 

The List of Prisoners of War on Long Island is especially valuable, as this is the only known 
copy in existence. Whether it is an original work of Rufus Lincoln, or a copy of the British Offi- 
cial List, it is impossible to say; no such record was known at either the War Department. Wash- 
ington, or at the Massachusetts State Archives Office, Boston, until certified copies of these lists 
were sent to them by the family. 



PAPERS OF 
CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 

[1] June 28, 1776. General Clinton and Sir Peter Parker Atempt to pafs by 
Forrt Moultra up to Charles Town after being there some [days] and are Repulfed. 
Sir Peter Receiv'd A wound which Ruined his Britches of which wound he After- 
wards died it was Said the Brittilhe had About 300 killed and many wounded, one 
of their Veffals called the Acteon was got A ground and was Evacuated and blown 
up A 26 gun Brig. Americans had 11 men killed in the Fort and 12 wounded moft 
of them mortally 

July 4, 1776. The Declaration of Indence [Independence] 

The Brittifli troops evacuate Bofton and go to Hallifax 

July 2^ . . . they Land and take poffeffion of Statten Ifland . . . Long Ifland — 

They have Scrimageing from there every Day untill the 27*^ Some lofs on both 
Sides. 

Jofeph Callaway (if the letters to A Nobleman be hev) in Page 25 Says the foot 
and Cavalry Sent over to America Amounted to 52815 of that number 40814 was 
under the Command of Gen^ How when he landed on Statten Ifland American force 
Militia and all 18000. 

[2] Atigjt 27, 1776. The Battle oj Brooklyn on Long IJland 

the brittifh had been Landed 6 Days and frequent Scrimages had happened 
between the lines but this morning the Atackt began before Day the Brittifli Ad- 
vanced in three Divifions Commanded on the Right by Gen^ ^ on the left by Gen^ ^ and 
Geni^ Commanded the Center. Gen' How^ head Quarters at this time was in New- 
utrecht Corn Wallace in Flattbufh and Arfkins '" in Flatt lands 

Americans had about 7000 men on the Ifland, when the Atackt began the 
March'd out of the lines in two Divifions the Right Commanded by Lord Starling,'^ 
the other by Gen' Sullivan who had the Command. Sullavans Divifion was Driven in 
About noon and the Divifion that followed them to the lines Surrounded Lord 
Starlings Divifion who Suffered much in the Retreat Acrofs the Creek both Gen- 
nerals were made prifoners and 92 officers and about 909 Privates &c A Brittifli 

1 This page badly blotted, and parts omitted cannot be deciphered. 

2 Comwallis. ^ Grant. * Von Heister. ^ Erskine. « Sterling. 



4 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Return Says they took three Gennerals 3 Col^ 4 Lieut Col^ 18 Cap^^ 43 Lieu^^ u 
Enfigns I Adg* 3 Surgeons 3 Majors forgot. 

Aiigjl 15. The Action on York Ifland when the Brittifh Landed after the battle 
on Long Ifland of the 27^'' Inftant the Americans Retreat over to New York but 
not untill the morning of the 30^^ and then made A Safe Retreat there was fkirmifh- 
ing every Day between the lines, from the Action untill this — they Stay'd Some 
Days in New York. [3] but were Still moving the Stores &c up the Ifland but great 
part of the Army had not moved up when the Brittifli landed in New York Ifland 
Opporfite Baps [Kipps] Bay. About [3] 8 Miles Above New York, on the 15 of Sep- 
tember being 16 Days after the Evacuation of Long Ifland — they had A Skirmifh 
at their Landing good — the 6^^ of this Month the Congrefs pafled A Refolve and 
Appointed Commifliones to treat with Lord and S W'" How, who made Report 
that the Brittifli CommiiTioners had only power to grant Pardons on Submifiion — 

Sept 16, 1776. TJie Action York IJlmid 

the Next Day after the Brittifli [landed] on York Ifland they Advanced towards 
the American lines which was then About two Miles below Fort Wafliington they 
were Atackted and Repulfed by A Party of Americans — A Brittifli [Report] Say 
in thefe two Actions Above they [took .?] prifoners i Col : 2 L'' Col^ 3 Majors 4 Capt^ 
7 Lieu^* 354 Privates, from here [the] two Armys Lay very Nigh together, for 
Some time, the Advanced — Pickets being always in Sight of Each other and no 
between 

1776. About 220 Hilanders were taken on the Coast of Virginia and about the 
same time about 400 more that belong'd to the Same Reenforcement were taken at 
Bofton A Major Kil'd and Col. Campble among [those] maid prifoners — 

[4] Oct'"' 13, 1776. The Action of Lake Chaniplain 

Americans ware defeated and loft kild [wounded and prisoners] and Gen""^ Water- 
berry a brigader in the Militia and Cap^ Thatcher and about 68 privats were Maid 
prifoners — Gen^ Waterberry Com^ Gaily Waf" [Washington] Gen. Carlson Com- 
manded the Britifh. A Cap^ pring^<^ [Pringle] Coman'^^ the Shipping — Gen^ Arnold 
ConT^ the Americans but as his fleet and force was far Infererer he Retreated and 
at laft diftroyed [the] Cheif of his fleet he was on board the Congrefs Galla [ " Galley" ] 
which he ran on Shore with Several more Set them on fire and retreated to Ticon- 
droga. The Britifli under Command of Ge*"^ Carlton after the battle on the Lake 
perfued the americans to Ticondroga and had Some Scrimagen but Retretted with- 
out attacting [the] fort. Gen''^ Gates Commanded in the fort. 

Oct^"^ 16, 1776. SkirmiJJi on Straton [Staten] IJland 

Gen''' Mefer with Some "of the flying Camp Crofsed over from Amboy to Stratin 
Ifland, and Siiprifed a party of troops and killed 4 and took 18 prifoners he loft 2 
men kild and returned. — 

Ocf^"^ I ']'j6. Rogers Rangers Surprifcd. — 

Col° Haflet and Col^ Commanded at the Surprife, and kifled and took Sev- 
eral, but the guide that Col Haflet had Deceived him, which — baffled the Expidi- 
tion and Caufed Some uneafnefs between the two Col^ which never was maid up as 

Colo was then wounded and Col° Haflet kild Soon after, we had Cap* Rope 

[Pope] wounded and Several others 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 5 

Weflminfler Magazine Says the Britifli loft on the i8 of October an in the pre- 
vas [previous] Skirmiflies from the 1 1 of Sep*"" kild 2 Sergts 1 1 Rank and file, 
wounded i field officer i Cap* i Sub. 3 Sergt 41 Rank and file mifsing. 

[5] Oct^' 2%, 1776. The Battle at White plains. 

The Britifh had taken pursfifon of Long Ifland 27th of Auguft defected the 
Americans there, and did not take purfefsion of York and York Ifland untill the 
15th of September. The americans had moved [the] Cheeif [of] their force to the 
White plains. Leaving a garrifon in fort Wafliington, and yit it was the 20 of 
October before the BritiOi Came up to attack them there. 

the Americanes ware entrenched, they ware attacked out of their lines, and re- 
ttreted in to them but the Britifli did not Chufe to follow them to their lines, there 
was many kild on boath Sids Cap* Adams of the Dallaw'"s [Delawares] was Sup- 
pofed to be kild as he was not beared of afterwar"^ 

Nov^'^ 16, 1776. Fort WaJIiington taken by the Briti/Ii 

After the American army had Crofsed the north river Except this garrafon, the 
Britifli had no other object on the Eall Side of the north river they all acordingly 
moved down againfl: it, but not before the i6th of November 19 days after the battle 
at White plains. Gen''^ How Commanded and atacked the lines about 8 O Clock in 
the morning, which ware much too Extinfive to be maintained by what troops was 
then in garrafon. however they ware defended till after noon, and the troops Retreeted 
into the fort, and then ware as much to thick there as they had ben too thin on the 
lines. About 3 oClock the fort was Summonfed by Gen''^ Kniphorfen [Knyphausen] 
which was not anfwered afterwards Gqu^^ How Sent in a Summons it Capitulated 
to be Prifoners of war. the officers to have their baggage and Side armes. Col° 
Magaw Commanded about 30 kild and 2600 prifoners among which was 200 offi- 
cers. A Return in the Weflminfler Magazen for yy [1777] Says Americans prifon- 
ers were 4 Col^ 4 L* CoP 5 Majors 46 Cap^^ ^q^ J07 Lieut 31 Enfigns i Chaplin, 2 
Adgts 2 Q* Maflers 5 Surgans 2 Commeferys, i Engeneer i Waggener mafter 2601 
Privats — Says their lofs from the 29th of October including this action was killed 
3 Capt 3 Subs 3 Serges j Drumer 68 Rank & file. Wounded 2 field officers i Cap* 
10 Subs 25 Sergts i Drum'' 335 Rank & file Mifsing i Serg* 5 Rank & file. 

Nov^^ 20, 1776. The attack & Evacuation of fort Lee on the zvejl Side of River 

After the taking of fort Wafliington which was on the i6th Inftant, the americanes 
had no army left on the Eaft Side of the north river, but they Still held this fort 
which was oppifste fort Wafliington and being much higher ground Commanded 
that fort as well as obftructed the Britifh in going up the north river, acordingly 
they Qxoi^ over to take it. But as Gc^ Wafliington had Crofsed the river Sometime 
before, he had marched his army down below this fort. Leaving but a few troops in 
order to detain the Britifli Should they intend to follow him, as his army now began 
to be much lefened by the time of the flying Camp being [expired ^ ] and other Rea- 
fons, as the Militia not being Called out as it was not Expected the Britifli would 
have keept the Campain So long opne. 

1 One of the worst features of enlistment at this time was that when the time expired, men went home at 
once, even in front of the enemy, and there was no knowledge upon what force a general had to depend for any 
action or campaign. 



6 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

the fort was taken and about 71 prifoners. a return in the Weftminfter Maga- 
zene for "jy [1777] Says they took prifoners i Lieu* i Enfign i Q''mafter 3 Surganes 
99 privats. 

1776 The Rctreet TJirougJi tJie Jerfey. 

Before the Britifh had taken fort Lee, Ge^ Wafliington had marched his army 
Cheefiy below, Crofsing hackinftack and Second River, breaking down the bridges 
and leving par''^^ behind to Check the advancen of the Enemy at every advanta- 
gyos poft. he maid Some Stop at New Ark and Elefibath-Town but at Brumfwik 
[Brunswick] he Stayed Several days, and then Marched back to Elefibath town, as 
if intending to Meet the Enemy and give them battle, who Seemed very Catious 
and doutfull in purfuing. but after Some days when Cheeif of the Stores and heavy 
baggage was moved [7] forward, he moved all his Army again to Brumfwick, Except- 
ing Amboy, which Untill now had been occupoyd by our troops. At Brumfwick, our 
army Sataid yit Some time keeping partys back towards bonumtown [Bordentown] 
and Entrenching along the river, as if intending here to make a Stand, but on the 

of December, when the Britifli Came in Sight we ware Cheefiy ready to 

move of. they Cannonaded us Some time Crofs the river wich we returned untill 
ready to march of which we did Leaving behind many tents Stores &C. for want 
of wagons. 

The rear of the American army left Brumfwik on the of December, and 

marched to Trintown [Trenton] 40 miles from Brumfwick, Leaving Lord Sterlings 
Brigade at prins town 17 miles from Brumfwick and after Staying there near a 
week, on the morning of the 7th our out pofts were attacked and drove in by the 
Enemy, we had marched from Brumfwick at 4 oClock that morning. Gen''' Wafh- 
ington and a part of the army had Returned from Trintown and the whole marched 
off in the afternoon, the Enemy being in Sight. Retreeted to Trintown Leaving 
guards on the rodes. the army was Crofmg the Delaware all night and before noon 
the 8th were all Crofsed, Exfept our rear guards, which did not Crofs till after noon, 
the Enemy Came in to trintown about 4 oClock in the after noon, there was very 
little Stores left in Trintown. 

Gen""' How has been much blamed for not Entirely dirtroy'"s Gen""' Wafhingtons 
army in this retreet as their numbers were So Redufed by the time the flying Camp 
being out &c. it is Said that the American army the 8th of December when they 
Crofsed the Delaware, did not Exceed 3.300 Effective men. one thing is Serting 
Gen' how maid very Slow advances, from Nov^'^the 20th the time he took fort Lee, 
untill the 8* of December, the time he Came to Trintown, being about 74 miles in 
19 days. 

Gen' Lee who had Crofsed the north river, with a party of troops to Joyne Gen' 
Wafliington but on account of the Britifh poft was obliged to march high up through 
the Jerfyes, was Suprifed at his Ldgiens by Col° Harcourt of the i6th Light drag- 
gons, and maid prifo^^"" the trops marched and Crofsed the Dele's and joynd Ge' 
Wafliington.^ 

1 History has since shown that General Lee was a traitor to the Americans, that he kept the enemy posted 
of all moves, forces, etc., and that he refused at this point to obey General Washington, to move down and 
join him, and that his capture was prearranged. The original documents in his handwriting were found about 



DIARY NUMBER ONE • ? 

[8] Ded'^ 26, 1776. The Hefsa?is \^Hessians'\ Takcji at Trintowti. 

After the American army had Crofsed the Deleaware the S*'^ of Dec'^'' they had 
took pofl for Several miles along the river to prevent the Enemy from Crofsing 
the river, the Britilh pofts were at Trintown i. 200 men Commanded by Col° Ralle 
[Rawle] at Bordentown Whitehorfe & Burlenton 2.000 men Commanded by Col° 
D^ Donop. Gen^ Lefley Comanded at prinftown. Gen^ Wafhington did not mifs this 
oppertunity his army being Renfoced by Militia he was determined to atact Trintown 
& Burdintown, but in order to draw of Capt De Donop with his troops from Bur- 
lington he ordered a number of Militia to go to mount polly to draw him of which 
had the defired Effect. Acordingly Gen^ Wafhington Crofsed the river Several miles 
above Trinton on the night of the 25th in time of a terable Storm of Snow the 
river being fool of ice. Marched down and Engaged the Enemy, which had a Short 
notes of his Aproach. Col^ Ralla was mortly wounded and Several more kild. the 
garrifon Cheefly maid prifoners. the party that attemped to Crofs for Burdentown 
was Difopinted the army Imeaditly Crofsed the river with their prifoners. — 

Jan^ I, 1777. The action at Trintoivn and near prins town & C. 

After talking the Hefsens on the 26th of Dec'^'' Col° DeDonop who Commanded 
at Burlington Burdington &C imeatly marched back to prinstown and joyned Gen^ 
Lafly who Commanded there, leving Trintown and thefe other pofts. Gen^ Wafli- 
ington with his Army Crofsed the Delaware again on the firft of Jan^ and was met 
in or near Trintown by the Britifh Armey. — Commanded by Lord Cornwallace they 
had a Smart Schurm'se jj^ ^j^g Evining and the britifli lay on their arms Expeting the 
attack to be Renewed in the morning, but in the night Gen^ Wafhington leavdng a 
party to keep up the fires they had kindiled, marched of his army by a different 
Rout to Prins-town. near that place he fell in with the 17 and 55 Reg* and Some 
others, he attacked them and Difperfed them took hear and at prinftown about 230 
prifoners. 

In this acttion near prinftown we had kild Gen* Mercer [9] Col^ Haflet, and many 
more. Britifh had kild i Capt i Serg* 16 Rank & file. Gen* Wafhington marched 
throus'' Prinftown up to Morras town and took poft there and the Britifli Retretted 
back to Brunfwick and Amboy. this Winter Gen* Wafhingtons head Quarters was 
at Morris town and Gallaway ^ Says had not above 6000 troops 

Ap^\ 1777. The BritiJJi Burnt Danbuary. 

the Britifh went up under the Command of Gen""* Tryon 2000 men and burnt 
Danbuary [Conn.] and were repulced. Britifh loft kild wounded and mifing 172 — 

the Americans los kild Gen* Wofter [Wooster] of the Militia 4 Col^ and others 
more then the britifli. 

March 23. The Barraks burnt at peeks kill. 

the britifh went up the north River to peeks kill [Peekskill] with their Shiping, 
landed and burnt the Barraks and Stores this Expidition was Commanded by Col'* 
Bird who had about 500 men with him. 

Apr. 13. The action at Bound Brook in the Jerfey. 

1870 in an old desk which belonged to the secretary of General How. John Fiske, School History of the 
United States., pp. 220, 221. 

1 Joseph Galloway and Allen were members of Congress, but accepted pardon from the British. 



8 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Gen^ How to Lord Germane Says the Americans loft kild 30 prif oners between 
&c 90, took 3 Brafs field peafes, their lofs 3. and 4 L* infartry wounded weft. M™ 
Maga^ 

May 23, 1777. A71 Expidition on Lo7tg I/la7td. 

Col° Meigs, who had been taken prifoner at the attempt to Storm Quebeck, Com- 
manded the Expidition he with about 130 men crofsed the Sound to a place Called 
Sag Habour on the Eaft End of Long Ifland Burnt 12 Brigs & Sloops, and De- 
ftroyed much Stores which was Colleted at that place — and brought off 90 prif- 
oners Confifting of the Officers who Commanded Commifsary — Mafters of Vefsels 
&c and Returned haveing performed A March of 90 Miles by land and water in 25 
hours they Returned to Guildford in Connecticut 

from A Britifh Regifter for the year yy [lyyy]. 

[10] 1777 Gallaway fays in Examination that the Americans in 1777 had loft, 
killed in battle, taken prif oners, and by Deaths in Hofpitals not lefs than 40,000 men, 
and in his notes he says the States Since the Commencement of the Rebellion 
have loft in Hofpitals and Battle, in their Navel and land Service not much short of 
100,000 men, which Amount to A fift part of the white men in Americas capable 
of bearing Arms. 

About the Middle of September 1776 the Congrefs paffed the Refolve for Raifing 
88 Reg^s to Contain 729 men Each Including officers which would Amount in the 
whole to 64152 

they were to Serve During the warr, and to be Raifed in the following propor- 
tion — New Hampfhire 3 — Mafatufets Bay 15 Reg^^ — Rhode Ifland 2 Reg^^ — 
Connecticut 8 Reg*^ New York 4 Reg^^ — Jerfey 4 Reg^^ Pennfylvania 12 Reg*^ 
Maryland 8 Reg^s — Dallaware i R: Virginia 15 Reg^^ North Carolini — Reg^^ 
South Carolina — Reg*^ Georgei — Reg^^ 

Soon Afterwards there was A Refolve for Raifmg 16 more Additional Reg^^ — 
and in A Short time after Apointed Another mode [of] Enliftment which was for 3 
years with the Same bounty, the Allotment of land Excepted 
y?/7z^ 26, I yyy. The action at the SJiort Hill an there aboiits. 

During the winter while Ge^ Wafliington lay at Morris Town, there had ben 
frequant Skirmiges on the lines, in the Spring Gen^ Wafliington quited his winter 
quarters and took poaft in an a-vantigous place along Midil brook 

the firft of June Gen^ How received Reinfofment of the Anfpoks troops & Britifli 
and German Recruits, as well as a Supply of tents and field Aquipage. he left New- 
York the 1 2th of June and took the field marching from Brumfwik in two Coloms to 
Midil bufli and Hillsborough, but kept the Rairinton between him and Gen""^ Wafli- 
ington, who was incampt on a hill above [11] Quibletown. in this place the Britifh 
built 3 Strong Redouts, and there was Continual Skirmingin between the piquits, but 
if it was Gen' Hows Define to bring on a General action Gen^ Wafliington avoided 
it. Lying Still and Secure his force being much Infearer to the Britiffi in number, 
on the 19 day after being out 7 days the Britifli Retreeted through Bromfwik, and 
did not Stoop untill they arived at Amboy, and ware warmly perfued all the way. 
the Bridge they had prepared to Crofs Delawar they maid ufe of to Crofs on to Stra- 
ton Ifland. they took over all their baggage and Some of their troops, this retreet 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 9 

drawed Geni Wafliington notwithftanding all his Caution from his Strong ground, 
and the britifli thinking now had an opertun''y Immeaditly marched back by Deffer- 
ent Routs on the 26th — Lord Cornwallace with his Colom fell in with Lord Serling, 
and after a Smart action the American give way, had Several kild Some taken and 
loft 2 field peaces they ware perfued as far as weft field — Gen^ Wafhington percev- 
ing his miftake if he was deceived Retreeted back to his Strong ground, there was 
Some more Skirmiagin but not many loft on Either Side — Gen^ How again retreeted 
and Crofsd over to Straton Ifland on the 27th day where their Ships were Redy to 
Receive them. 

Gen^ How had at this time under his Immediate Command at New York 29- 
478 Effective men as M"" Gallaway Reports on Evidence before the houfe of Com- 
mons. — Gallaway Says Gen' Wafhingtons force in the Jerfeys when Gen^ How 
Crofd to Straton Ifland did not exceed 8000 men Militia Incluided, and Gen^ Gates 
army did not amount to 5000 over the North River, in this action of the 26, 
Britifh loft kild about 60 Americans about 30 Capt Anderfon was kild 

[12] J7ily 10, 1777. General Pre/cot taken from RJiode IJlaiid 

This Spirited afifare was Conducted by Colo Barton, who with Several other offi- 
cers and Volentears, who went from providence to Rhode Ifland a long pafage by 
warter in the night and pafsed the Shipping and guard boats that Surrounded the 
Ifland, and Surprifed the general who Commanded on the Ifland, in his Quarters 
bringing him off and his aid Lord Harrington, and landed them Safe on the main. — 

this affare much Diftrefsed Gen^ Prefcot as he had lately offered a large Reward 
for the perfon of Gen^ Arnold and arnold immediatly Returned it by offering a 
much inferiour Rewarard him. 

July 23, 1777. The Britifli fleet with the troops left Sandy hook after being Em- 
barked from the 5th. 

Gen^ How Embarked with him 36 Brittifh & Hefsens Battalians, including the 
lite Infintery & Granaders the Queens Rangers and a Regiment of lite hors. Seven- 
teen Battalliens, a Regement of light hors and the remander of the new Raifed 
Corps were left to guard new York and the adgaicant Iflands Commanded by Gen^ 
Clinton Seven Battalions, were left to guard Rode Ifland. 

Aug^ 29. Gen^ How with the army Landed at the head of Elk on the 25th of 
Auguft after a pafsege of 33 days and many or moft of them being on board from 
the 5th of July made 17 days more a terrable to be Cooped up in this hot Seafon. 

After Geni How had Sailed from New York the unfertainty where he Intended 
to land Caufed Gen^ Wafliington to be in Suf pence for Some time he did not Crofs 
the Delaware untill about the loth of Auguft and pafsed Philidelpha about the 25th 
and took poft on red Clay Creek near Wilmington. 

[13] Sep^'^ II, 1777. Tlie Battle of Brandywine. 

The Britifh army marched from pencadder [Pencadder] on the 8th Pafsed through 
Newark, Hockefon and New Garded [New Garden] the loth they arrived at Keenet 
Square. 

Gen^ Wafliington had moved from Red Clay Creek, — about the 8th and taken 
poft at Chads [Chadd's] ford on the Eaft Side of Brandywin[e] and between the 
Enemy and Philidelphia, and about 6 milds from Kennet Square. 



10 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

on the morning of the nth About day break the Britifli advanced in twoColoms, 
the Right Command by Gen^ Knyphorfen [Knyphausen] which marched derecttly 
to Chadsford, which lay about the Center of the American Hne the fords for Some 
miles above and below being guarded by the Right and left of the armys 

they ware met and atacked by a party Commanded by Gen^ Maxwell who did 
much Excution but was obliged to Retreet and Come over into the line about 9 or 
10 oClock began a heavy Cannonade from boath Sides which Continuaed all day. 
At times the Enemy would Seem as if they ware Determined to force the foard 
the better to Deceives as it is Evident they wifhed to keep all Gen^ Wafliington 
Attention hear, we had Several detchments in the Corp of the day Sent over the 
River to Skurmige with the Enemy but they ware all at laft drove Back. 

While the Americanes attention was Entirely taken up in the Neighbourhood 
of Chadsfoard Suppofmg they had all the Enemy there Engaged, Lord Corn- 
wallace at the head of the Second Colom took a long march to the left and Crofsed 
above the forks of the River at Trimbels and Jefforys ford about [six] mils a bove 
Chads, About 2 oClock in the afternoon and then turned Short down the River 
took the Rode to Dilworth in order to fall on our Right. This march was Condeted, 
[14] with So much Seecerfcy and Suckfes that Gen^ Wafliington [had] no Certain 
intelligance of it untill they had Crofsed and were near down on his Right. Gen^ 
Sullivan who Commanded on the Right, was Suddintaly atacked about 4 oClock by 
the Enemy and Repulfed and after Reinforced and maiking Several Stands, was 
finilly obliged to give way. about Sunset the Enemy Crofsed Chadsfoard and Gen' 
Wafhington with the whole army Retreted to Chefter, leaving guards on the Roads. 

The Britifh Annual Regefter for the year "jj [lyyy] Says Americans lofs was kild 
300 wounded 600 prif oners 400 Loft 10 field peafes all brafs but one. 

Britifh lofs under 500 hundread not one 5th of which was kild 

Gallaway Says the Britifh Army at this time including all that was with them 
was about 20,000 The Americans about 15,000, befided about 1,000 for which they 
Could not procure Arms. 

Aiig^* 22, 1777. Geii^ Sidlivans Expidition on Straton [Stateu] IJland 

Gen' Sullivan was Sent with his Divifion up the north River and Crosfed at 

in Confiquence of Some faints [feints] Gen' How had maid of intending that Rout 
with his fleet, but when their Diftination was better known, he was Called back and 
on his way marched from Morriftown to Elifabeth town point and Crofsed and 
Crofsed over to Straton Ifland to atack a poaft of the Britifli left there he maid 
about prifoners.-^ 

But on his Retreet he was purfued and by Some miftake or mifmannagement of 
them that had the Cair of the boats his rear was taken their their lofs kild 13. and 
prif oners 172 including i L* Col° 3 Majors 2 Capt 15 other officers. 

The weftminfter magazene Says the Americanes lofs prif oners 259 including 
the officers as above 

[15] Scp^'' 20, 1777. General Wane [IVajyne] Surprised by Gen^ Gray 

After the Difopintiment of the action by the Rain on the i6th boath Armeys 
ware manvering Several days very near to Each other on the day Gen' Wafliington 

1 There were 3 officers, 10 men killed, 15 wounded ; 9 officers and 127 privates prisoners. 



DIARY NUMBER ONE n 

Crofsed Schulkill to the Eafl Side at parkers ford, leaving Gen^ Wane with his Bri- 
gade on the weft Side and in the rear of the Enemy and on the 19th when he lay 
at peola [Paoli] about 12 OClock at night he was Suprifed by a Detachment of the 
Britifh army Commanded by Gen^ Gray 

Americans lofs kild about 60 wounded 100 prif oners about 20. 

The Britifli annual Regefter for the year "jj [lyyy] Says 300 kild or wounded on 
the Spot. 

Oc^''' 4, 1777. T/ie Battle of Garmajitown. 

After Gen^ Wafhington had Crofsed the Schulkill to the Eaft Side he moved 
down to fatland ford [near Norristown], opposet where the Britifh lay, and there 
he Staled Some days guarding the fords to prevent them from Crowfmg Untill the 
Stores &c were muved out of philideliDha, which now was intended to be givin up. 

And when they were moved, he marched his whole Army up the River to 
faulkners Swamp, the Britifh Crofsed, on the 26th of September marched to Ger- 
mantown and Lord Cornwallace with a Detachment took porfefsion of Philidelphia. 
without any oppofifion the main army lay Incamped in Germantown. a detachment 
had ben Sent from Wilmington, Under Command of Col° Stirling, who Crofsed the 
Delaware at Chefter, in order for to atack a poft the Americanes had at Billingfport, 
which they Euacated Spiking up the Cannon, burning the Barrakes &C. but hear the 
Britifli Commitied Blunder in not taking pofsefion at the Read bank, which waf yit 
unoccapyed, and Coft them many lives afterward. 

After the Britifh took posfefsion of Philidelphia, Gen^ Wafliington moved down 
to Skippach Creek, about 16 Miles from Germantown, and having Received Some 
[16] Reinforcement, he Deterimended for to atack the Britifh at Germantown. — 

Accordingly he marched from his Camp about 6 OClock in the Evining of the 
3th of ocf at 3 OClock in the Morning their aproch was Difcovered the Britifh line 
lay Extended acrofl Germantown the left Extended to Schoolkill on that wing was 
pofted the mounted and Difmounted German Chafsurs in front, and a Battalion of 
light Infintry and the Queens Rangers were in froont of the Right Wing, and the 
40^^ Regt with another Battallien at the head of the Villiage. 

The Americanes ware in two Divifions Gen^ Sullivan Commanded on the Right 
and began the atack. Some time before the left which was Commanded by Gen^ 
Green got up, the Britifli gave way and wer beaten back boath on the Right and left 
through their Encampment, but Col^ Mufgrove, of the Britifli with 6 Companys of 
the 40^^ Reg^ throned them Selves in to a Strong Stone houfe [Chew House] and 
So well Defended it that it much Detered the purfit, as they took time to Summons 
him and on his Refufnig to give up and fired on the flag, and killed an Ade [aide-de- 
camp], who Commanded it. they brought Cannon to play on the houfe. but this 
delay gave the Britifli Some time to Renforce, and at the Same time it is Said Gen^ 
Stephens who was on the left, gave orders to Retreet without orders, which threw the 
whole into Confufion, and put them under a nefscefity of Retreeting Juftin the time 
of the fullift Expectation of .Victory the 9th Verg^ Reg* and part of the 8th who 
were Confiderably avanced had no orders to Retreet untill Surrounded they ware all 
kild and taken, it is Said that an Extrodanry fogg that morning was much hurt 
to the americanes in their purfute as their partys often fired on Each other they 



12 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Retreete back to Skippach Creek, it is thought there was about 225 Britidi kild 
among which was Brigd'' Gen^ Agnew, Col° Bird and one other L^ Col° and Several 
other officers wounded upwards of 700 and Some prifoners. 

[17] Americanes lofs kild about 200 wounded 600 prifoners about 260 Includ- 
ing about 50 officers. Among the Slain was Gen^ Naffi [Nash] of N. Carlinea, Col° 
Seers, Major white, Major Sherburn aid to Gen^ Sullivan, and many other oficers. 
the Britifli annual Regefter for JJ [1777] Says the Britifh Loft killed wounded 
including Some prifoners was 535, 70 of which were killed including Gen^ Agnew 
Col° Bird and Several other officers. 

Americanes Lofs kild between 2 and 3 hundred 600 hundred wounded and 400 
hundred prifoners among which was 54 officers. 

Oc^'"' 6, 1777. For^ Mofitgtimrey and fort Clinton taken by the Briti/It 

Gen^ Burgoyne in his march from Cannada had avanced and Crofed the north 
River and had got far to Bemans bights and Expected in a Short time to be in Al- 
bany, where he hoped to be met by Gen^ Clinton — Acordingally Gen^ Clinton Em- 
barked about 3000 men at Newyork, and a large navil force Commanded by Comadore 
Hotham. it Seems their Defme was to form a Juntion with Gen^ Burgoyne, but it 
was firft nef scary to Deftroy thefe two forts, wich ware on the weft Side of the North 
River and about 53 miles from newyork. Situated on Each Side of a Creek, that 
Comes out of the mountains, with Bridge a Crofs it by which thare was kept a Com- 
munication between the two forts, the forts ware far from being finffied or full 
maned. Commanded by govner and Gen^ Clintons of Newyork State, there was a 
Boom and Chaine acrofe the River, to keep the Shipping from pafsing up the Brit- 
ifli ware landed in two Divifions at a Confiderable Diftance from the fort and by a 
long and Diffcult March through the mountians, Came in on the back of the forts, 
and began the Storm, on boath forts nearly at the Same time with So much furey, 
and with a Superear number of men, that notwiftanding they made a moft obftinate 
Defence they wear oblyged to Surrender, the Commander and about 300 men maid 
their Efcape 

[18] Their lofs killed about 60 prifoners about 250 including i Col^ 3 L* Col^* 
3 Major 2 Cap^ i O"" M'' i Major B*^ 2 Conductes 14 Suboltans. The weflminifter 
Magazine for yy [1777] Says their Lofs kild i L* Col^ 2 Majors i Capt. 2 Lieut. 
I Engfm 3 Sergts 30 Rank and file and a poliffi [Polish] nobleman, wounded 4 Cap* 
5 L* 2 Enfigns, 4 Serg^^ i Drumer 126 Rank & file. 

After the taking fort Montgomery the Americanes Set fire to two fine new frig- 
ates and Some other vesfels which their Stores and artillery were all Deftroyed and 
in a few days after on the aproch of the Britiffi, they Deftroyed and Set fire to fort 
Conftitution 

Gen^ Tryon at the head of a Detachment Deftroyed a new and thriving Settel- 
ment Called Continantial village ^ which Contained Barracks for 1500 men, with 
Confiderable of Stores &C. Sir James Wallace with a flying Squadren of light 
frigites and Gen^ Vaughan, with a detchament of troops. Continued their progefs 
up the River Carring Ruin and Deftruction where ever they went, at the very 

1 On the east bank of the Hudson a little above Verplanck's Point, three miles from Peekskill on Cano- 
pus Creek. 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 13 

time Gen' Burgoyne was Receving the moft favorable Condition for him Selef and a 
Runed [ruined] army. The fine villige or town of ESopas [Kingston] was Reduced 
to aflies and not houfe left 

But when Gen' Gates had done his bufmefs at Saratogua he marched Down to 
meet thefe Conquring Deftroyers, but on his aproach they Difmantled the forts and 
Returned back to newyork with their Shiping. 

[19] Oct^ 17, 1777. The Convention at Salitogua [Saratoga] and the progrefs 
of Gen' Burgoyn Army from the time he left Canada untill that time &c. 

N B the following acounts ware Chiefly taken from the Britifh Annual Regefter 
for the year yj [1777] 

After the battle on Lake Champlain in October 1776 — the Americanes having 
the moft of their fleet Deflroyed, After Defbroying what they Could not Carry from 
Crown point, Retreeted to Ticondroga, where they were followed by the Britifh 
commanded by Gen^ Carlton in November but as the Seafon was So far adavanced, 
or for Some other Reasons he did not See fit for to attack the poft. But returned 
to Canada with his army no Doubt expecting to pay them another vifit in the 
Spring. But the Command was taken out of his hand, and givin to Gen' Burgoyn, 
much to the Suprife of many, and as it is thought to the great mortifycation of 
Gen' Carlton. 

The Regliour [Regular] force alloted for the expidition Condcted by Gen' Bur- 
goyne, Confisting of britifli and German troops amounted to 7173 [7173] men 
Excluefive of the Attilary Corps, of thefe 3217 were Germans, befides Severel 
Corps of provenlhals [Provincials] and a large number of Canadans [Canadians] and 
Indins. out of thefe he Sent a Detchmant on an Expidition to the Mowhak River, 
Under Comm*^ of Col^ St Ledger, he had with him 7 or 800 men Confisting of 200 
drawn from the 8th & 34 Regiments, a regeiment of Newyorkers laitly Raifed by 
and under the Command of Sir John Jhonfton, being moftly Emigrants from his 
own Country, adjoining to the Intended Scene of action with Some Flander Chaf- 
sears a Company of Canadanies and another of newly Raifed Rangers, and joined 
by a Strong body of Indians. 

[20] 1777. Gen' Burgoyne had with him Major Ge""' Phillips and Reidefel, 
Brig^'' Frazer, Powel, Hamelton Speht, and Goll. 

The Regular force left in Canada including the highland Emigrants was about 
3,700 

June 21. Tthe Britifh army arived at the River Bouquet, on the weft Side of 
lake Champlain and not far Northward of Crown point 

hear Gen' Burgoyne met the Indians in Congrefs, and maid a faimous Speech to 
them, giving the Warours [Warriors] their orders, &C. 

And Soon after Spread abroad his So well known faimous flaming proclamation. 

The army then moved to Crown point, which is about 15' miles from Ticon- 
droga, where they maid but a Short Stay, and then proceded on for to attack Ticon- 
droga, wheare Ge' S* Cleair had then the Command, and according to his letter to 
Congrefs had only about 3000 men. Including 900 Militia that were to leave him in 
a few days, A Number Entierly too Small to man Such extencive lines againft 
Such a Supperiour force 



14 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

A part of the works were given up and the Britilh took perfefsion of Mount hope 
which Entierly Cut off the Communication with Lak[e] Georg[e] 

[21] July 5 The 5th Gen^ S* Cleair held a Counfel of War in whic^it was Deter- 
mined to Evacuate Ticondroga which was acordingly done on that night, the bag- 
gage wth what of the Stores, Artilliry &c. they Could get away was put on board 200 
Batteaux, with a Detachment under Convey of 5 galles ^ or armed vefsels, and Sent 
up the South River, in their way to Scheenfborough ^ The main army took their 
rout[e] by the way of Cafeltown for the Same place next morning they were pur- 
fued by the Britifli Gen^ Redefel and frazer with a Strong force purfued thofe by 
land, while Gen^ Burgoyn Condutced the purfute up the River, with a much Supeearer 
force of Shipping and a Strong detachment of troops Embarked, about 3 oClock 
in the afternoon they Came up withe the Rear of our boats, near Schenfborough 
falls they had landed 3 Reg^s at South Bay in order for to march to the falls, to 
attack a poft and and Some works at that place, and Cut of the Retreet, but they 
ware Evacuated and burnt befor the Enemy Reached the place. 

two of the galles were taken the other three Evacuated and blown up the Bat- 
teaux were Chefly loft and Deftroyed with the Baggage Stores &c the Crus with the 
troops Efcaped as well as they Could in the woods along wood Creek, naked and 
Deftitude of provifion, with only their arms in their hands, a few of the Battuckx 
that were in front Efcaped up wood Creek [22] Neitheer did thofe that went by land 
fair any better. 

July 7, 1777. At 5 oClock in the morning of the 7th Co'° Frances a brave officer 
who had the Command of the Rear-Guard was overtaken and attacked by Ge' fazor 
with his Brigade, the action was very Sevear and Suxcefs dughtfull for Some time, but 
Ge^ frazar being Renfoced by Gen^ Readfel with the German troops, the Americanes 
wer obliged for to give way Leaving their brave Cap* and many other officers Dead 
(and it is Said about 200 privats, and Col Hale 7 Cap^^ 10 Su^-s and about 200 pri- 
vats prifoners. and about 600 wounded many of which periflied in the woods, as 
mentined in the Britifli annual regefter for ']'] [1777]. The Britifli loft many kild 
and wounded among their dead was Major Grant. 

At the time of this action Gen^ S* Cleair with the Van of the Army was at 
Cafeltown about 6 mils forther on, and under an apprehenfion of being Enterfepted 
at fort ann he Struck out to the woods, to his left, Seemingly unfixed whether for 
to Direct his Cours[e] to the uper part of Conncuit [Connecticut] or to fort Edward. 
Colo Hill of the Britifh with the 9th Reg* was Detached from Scheenforough toward 
fort ann, in order to interfept thofe that fled up along wood Creek, on his way he 
was atcaked by a party of the [23] Americanes who after a Smart Action of three 
hours were Repulfed with lofs and after Seting fire to fort ann fled towards fort 
Edward on Hudfons or the North River. 

it is Said that in all of thofe actions, Some of which were very Sevear the Britifh 
lofs in kild and wounded Did not much Exceed 200 men as pr the annuel Regefter 
for 77 [1777] 

Such was the Succefs of this army in its out Set that they Carred all befor 

1 Galleys or large open barges for rowing or sailing. " Now Whitehall. 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 15 

them and ware So Elated as alrady to Confider them Selves as if in pofsetion of 
Albany and their Difilaity over 

Gen^ Burgoyne with the army Staied Some days at Schenfborough and the 
adjoining Country, wating for the arival of their tents, Baggage provifion Stores 
&c. and in opning Rodes by the way of fort Ann, and Clearing the navatgation 
of wood Creek from trees Stones &c. layed in it by the americanes to obftruct their 
purfute and at Ticondroga they ware Engaged in Carring gun bots provifion Verfiels 
Battucks &c. over land about one mild into Lake George in order to Convay them 
towards the North River 

Gen' Schyler who was Commandr in Cheif of the American Army in that De- 
partment was at fort Edward on the N. River 44 miles from Ticondroga. Indev- 
ring for to Clect the Militia [24] whare he was joined by Gen' St Cleair and his 
army who had taken Roundabout march of Seven days through the woods, where 
by the badnefs of the wather, the want of provifion and all manner of nefseryes 
thay Suffred Extremly, in a manner diftitute of arms Ammunition and all Meterals 
of war. 

the army that Came in the Retreet with Gen' St Cleair did not go into fort Ed- 
ward but halted at fort Miller on the 13th of July about 8 miles from fort Edward 
and on the 18 moved to Mofes Creek, about 3 miles from fort Miller. 

it was the laft of July before Gen' Burgoyne and his army got the length of fort 
Edward altho the Diftance from Schenfbourough is but Short, for thare was no 
pains Sparied by the Americans in obflructing his pafsage, by Cuting down trees, 
Breaking up Bridges, and Every other henderence that was in their power befids the 
natural Diffaclty of a wild and very rough Country filled with Creeks and Marflies 
&C. it is Said he had 40 Bridges for to Conftruct one of two milds in length, befides 
athers to repair and Some Skirmiging & firing on every Days march. 

At the aproch of Gen' Burgoynes Army, Gen' Schyler Evacuated fort Edward 
and their pofts at mofes Creek, and Retreeted [25] on the 28th to Saratoga twenty 
miles from fort Edward and but 36 above Albany. Saratoga is on the Weft Side of 
the N. River.i 

As the Britifh had now no obftructions of the Lakes a great Embarcation of 
Stores and provifion and nefseary had alrady arived at fort George from Ticondroga, 
and the army was Employed for Some time in moving them from that place with 
their Artellery &C to the N. River in which pafsage they had about 16 miles Land 
Carage. 

It was at this time that this armey Seemed to Carry all before them, That the New 
England States, as well as the Congrefs, acted with that Vigure and firmnefs that 
Convince their Enemyes that they would not Sink under their paft Miffortuanes, and 
the apperhenfions of future dangers by turning out the Militia from all Quarters to 
oppofe their farther progrefs. it was about this time Mr^ M'= Crea and many other 
peafable inhabitance were Crualy murdred by the Indianes. 

And indeed the Ravages they Commtted aded much to the number of the Ameri- 
can Army, as the Inhabitance Rather Chufed to turn out and oppofe them the[n] 
to be Cruely Murdered With [26] their famelys and all that was dear to them. — 

1 The Hudson or North River. 



i6 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Gen^ Gates was now appointed to take the Comma"'^ and Gen^^ Schyler and St 
Cleair were to retire. 

Gen^ Arnold, with a train of Artillery was Sent by Gen^ Wafhington to Renforce 
the Army at Saratoga he arived there before Gen^ Gates . . . and on his arival he 
drew the army to Sill Water aug^ 2th a Centiral place between that and and the 
mouth of the mohawk river where it falls in to the N. River, by this Situation 
he expected to Check the progrefs of Col° St Ledger Who was now advancen upon 
the Mohak River. The American Army was daly increafing by the Militia, Who 
generaly turnd out on aCount of the outrages of the Indinens. 

In the mean time Gen^ Burgoyn in the Neighbourhood of fort Edward, began to 
experance their diffculties, which Still Increafed as he advanced forward, from the 
30th of July till the 15th of Auguft. the Army was daly Employed and every pofsi- 
able meafure used for bringing forward Batteaux, provifion, Amminiton &C. from 
fort George, to the firft navigable part of the N. River, in which pafsege they had 
a land pafsage of 16 miles, this was attended with So much dificulty that after the 
utmofi: of exertions for 1 5 days there was not above 4 days [27] provifion in Store, 
and but ten Battuex in at the time Gen^ Burgoyn Received intelangance that Col" 
St Ledger had arived before and was Conducting his opperations againft fort Stan- 
wiks on the head of the mohak River, which is about 1 50 miles from Albany at 
Such a time he Saw it of the umoft Confiquence for to make a Raped advance for- 
ward, but the want of provifion, and the dificu'^y of keeping open a Communication 
with fort George from where he had for to bring it when he was further advanced 
maid him think of giting Suplyes from Some other place, he was Informed that the 
Americanes had large Store of provifion Catle &C at Benington which lies between 
the forks of the Hofick river and not 20 miles Diftant from the N. River he acord- 
ingly laid a Scheme to Suprife the place and git the provifion and Intrufted the 
expidition of it to German L^ Col° Baum. the force he took with him was 500 men 
and 2 peces of artillery, the whole army moved up the E. Shor of the N. River and 
Encamped nearly opfite to Saratoga, at the Same time throing a Bridge of Rafts 
acroft the River for the Detchment for to Crows over. 

Anguji 15 the American army left Still water and Retreeted to Van Scoiks 
Ifland. Gen* Burgoyne Detached Col^ Breymans Corps Confifting of the Brumfwik 
germands light Infintry an Chafsurs, who were ported at battens hill, [28] in order 
if nefsary to Support Baum. 

But Buam was So long on his march that the Militia got fool infermation of his 
Defign, — and afsembled So Strong, that he being Informed of their Strength took 
poft near Santocke [Van Scoik's] mills, about 4 miles from benington and difpached 
an Exprefs to the Gen* of his Situation Col° Brayman was ordered forward to Ren- 
force him but the badnefs of the Rodes, Rendred much worfe by the fall of a Rain, 
the weakning and living of his horfes, Detaned him So that he from 8 in the morn- 
ing of the 15th day Auguft untill 4 in the afternoon of the next day before he 
Reached the place about 24 miles, and then was too late. 

Gen* Stark who Commanded the Militia Benington Determined not to wait for 
the Junction of the two partyes. on the 16 he marched to atack Baum, where he 
was intrenched on Walloin [Walloomscoick] Creek, near the Mills on his approch, 



DIARY NUMBER OiNE 



17 



the provinchels that were with Baum, were overjoyed and informed their Col^ that 
a great number of Loylift were Coming armed to joyn him, but they Soon found 
their miftake. they ware Severly attacked, their entrenchment forced, their Artellry • 
taken moft of the Indians and Some of the proventials made their Efcape in the 
woods, the Col" was wounded, and with the Germans, and many more maid prifon- 
ers. Col° Brayman who it Seems had Recevided no inteUgance of this action arived 
on the Same ground [29] about 4 oClock in the after noon, and was Immeaditaly 
Attacked on all Sides he maid a good Defence, but was obliged at lall to give way 
and maik his Retreet as well as he Could which he Effected by the help of the night, 
but not with [out] lofs of men and two peces of Artillry 

The Britifh annual Regefter Says their lofs in thefe two actions was 5 or 600 
men moft part prifoners. — Some other acounts Say much more.^ 

Col° St Ledger had ben Some time Intrenched before fort Stanwax an upon 
hearing Gen^ Harkimore at the head of 8 or 900 troops of the Tryon County Militia, 
was marching with a Convoy of provifion for the Relif of the fort, he Detached Sir 
John Johnfton with Some Regulars and the Savages to lie in Ambufh in the woods 
and to interfept them in their march and what Seems unacountable the Gen^ it is 
Said in a place where he might have expected danger with out any flanking partys, 
blindly plunged him Self in to the trap. 

Aiigiijl 6 they were Sudently and Sevearly attacked by the Britifh and Indians, 
and throen into the greateft Diforder their loos kild about 400 and about 200 prif- 
oners who were afterwards Crully murdred by the Indins, who were much Enraged 
at the loos they had met with in this action, they had about 30 of their wareres 
killed and as many wounded, the Britifli had many kild and wounded. [30] a nther 
Says the Gen^ had not above 400 men with him, that he had timly warning of the 
attack and that he maid So good a Defence that the lofs of the Britifh exceeded 
the lofs he Suftanied. 

on the Same day and it is Said in time of the action, the garrfion having intele- 
gence of the aproch of their friends, indevered to make a deverfion in their faivour. 
— Col° Willet the Seond in Command made a Sally out, and did much mifheff in 
the Britifh Camp brought of Some Articales much wanted & Some prifoners and 
Returned with little or no lofs. 

Afterwards he with one more officer polled through the Enemyes Camp, and maid 
their way 50 miles, through a pathalefs wildernefs in order to Raife the Country, and 
bring Relief to the fort. 

Colo St; Ledger found the fort Stronger and better Defended then he expected, 
he Sparied no paines in Summining it promifmg good quarters on Surendery, and 
thretning if they did not, if he Stormed it they Should Evry man be put to the 
Sword, and farther that Every woman and Child on the mohak River would be put 
to death by the Indines. but the Comm. Col'' Ganfseworth anfered that he had ben 
Intrufted with the Command of the fort by the United States of America, and that 
he was Determined to Defend it to the laft extreamity. [31] the Indians began now 
to be very stubbern and Difcontented, and as they beared Gen^ Arnold was on his 
march for the relief of the fort, they Determined for to leve the Camp, the Col° for 

1 There were 930 British killed, wounded, and prisoners; 100 Americans killed, 100 wounded. 



i8 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

to Content them Called a Counfel but a part of them decamped, while the Counfel 
was Sitting, a Spedy Retreet was now thought the only way to Save themSelves. 
accordingly the 22th day of Auguft, they Raifed the Seige, and Left the Camp in 
Such confufion that the tents with moft of the Stores and Artillery fell into the 
hands of the Enemy Garrafon 

the Indines behaved in Such a manner that by the Col°s own acount it apperaed 
he wa as fraid of their Ravages as of the Americanes — it is Said they plundred all 
the officers and Solders they Could on the Retreet, and that a few miles from the 
Camp, they murdred and Striped many Britifh Germans and Provenfhals Solders who 
were not able to keep up with the main body, and while they behaved thus to the 
army their proffed friends the Dillrefs of the Inhabitance that fell in their way Can- 
mot be Defcribed. 

Gen^ Arnold had ben Detached with 2000 men for the Relif of the fort and 
on the 24th two days after the Seige had ben Raifed, arived with 900 men whith 
which he had maid a force march, and if they had Staled till that time it is likely he 
would not have handled them very tenderly. 

Gen^ Burgoyne was at Still warter on the E. Side of the N River and with all his 
Industry in bringing [32] Stores from fort George he had now only about 30 day 
provifion in Camp and other Stores — he now Refolved to Crows the N River with 
his army, which he did about the midle of September, and Encamped on the heights 
in the plains of Saratoga on the 9th Gen^ Gates had advanced his army from Van 
Skoiks Ifland to Still water and on the 12th took porfesion of Bemans hights 3 
miles above Still water. 

Sep''' 19. on the 19th Gen* Burgoyn marched down in front of the American 
line, and put himfelf at the head of the Britifh line on the Right, which wing was 
Covered by Gen* Frazer and Col° Brayman, with the granidears & light Infinterys of 
the army, and kept along Some heights, and were Covered by the Indins Proven- 
cals & Canadones in the front and flanks the left wing and Artillary under 

Major genis Phillips & Readhefel kept along the great Road and medows by the 
River Side. 

The Americanes quckly took the allarem but not knowing the pofition of the Brit- 
ifli they Indevred to turn the Right wing, and take the line on the flank. But bing 
Difopinted Gen* Arnold bent his force on the left of the Same wing a moft furious 
attack, the Britifh was much Suprifed at this moft Daring attempt, however they 
Suftanied it from 3 oClock [33] in the afternoon till Sunfet but if Gen* Phillips and 
Readhefel and part of the left wing had not Came to their Relife they muftt have 
suffered very much if not ben all taken, after they ware Supported from the left the 
action Continued untill dark, and the Americans Retreted to their Camp. — 

Many were kild and wounded on boath Sides and litle advantage gained on either 
only only it Intirely difopinted the Indianes, whofe zeal began now to Slacken as 
the methord of fiting was no way Suted to their difpofition accordingly moft of 
them Shortly left the Camp, a great defertion alfo prevaled amongft the Candans 
and Britifh proventials, and the Britifli army were Convinced they had now to grap- 
ple with an army that Culd fight without being under the Cover of walls fences 
hedges, &C 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 19 

About this time Gen^ Burgoyne Received Intelagn" from Gen' Clinton at N. 
York, of his Intention of Coming up the N. River to atack fort Montgomery, and 
Some other fortifications on the river, this was not all the afiftance Gen^ Burgoyne 
had Expected, that at left it would have the Effect for to Divide Gen^ Gates army, 
which was now too powerfull for him. he Immeaditly Sent off Difpaches to Gen^ 
Clinton to let him know his Sutiation, Informing of [34] him he would indever for 
to hold his prefent Ground at left untill the 12th of October Prefmg him to put his 
Define in Exicution Emeaditly and to give him all the afsiftance in his power, he 
Entrenched and fortified him Self acordingly and kept a Clofe watch on gen^ Gates 
whofe army was Still Increafing 

But in this Situation he Received the Diftrefsing Intelagence of a Divifion of 
the Militia of N. Hampfliire and the head of Connecut [Connecticut] to Cut of his 
Communication from Canada, by Recovring the forts of Ticondroga and Mount In- 
dependance, and of becoming mafters at leaft of St George 

The Expidition was under the Derection of Gen^ Lincoln, who had ben Sent by 
Gen^ Gates for that Define, and the Immediate Exicution of of it was Commited to 
Colo Brown Jonfton and Woodbridge. they Conducted the Expidition with Such 
Secrefy & adrefs, that September the 17th they Effuctly Suprifed all the out poft 
between the landing place of lake george and the body of the fortrefes of Ticondroga 
Mount Defience and Mount hoop, the french lines and a Block houfe with 200 
Battuex one armed Sloop and Several Gun Bots were almoft Inftantly taken [35] fore 
[four] Companys of foot with nearly as many Canadanes, and many of the officers 
and Crews of Verfels were maid prif oners, at the Same time Giving Relif to many 
Americanes prifoners who were Confined in thofe works. They then took the Can- 
non out of the armed Vefsels they had taken, and burnt and Deftroye'^ what they 
Could not Gary off and Returned back to Shenfborow. In the begining of October 
Gen' Burgoyne thought proper for to lefsen the Solders Rations wating with great 
Impatiance to hear from Gen* Clinton, who had taken fort Montgomery on the 
6th of this month, and had Sent of Difpatches to Gen* Burgoyne : but it doth 
not appear that any of them Reached him intime on the 8th he had Sent a Mefsege 
by one Tayler who had ben with him at fort Montgomery he was pileted by on 
Van blake an Inhabitant of Dutches County, and on their way they fell in with Some 
American troops, at New Winfer who ware Cloath'* in Britifii Uneform, and Sup- 
pofing them to be Britifii, Exprefsed their Suprife to See them there Soo Soon, and 
afked which way they Could Come to be there as Soon or before them as they had 
left [36] them at fort Montgomery, they ware immeaditly Sufpected. they Enquired 
if Gen* Clinton was there and upon being told he was they Defired to See him they 
ware Condutced to govener Clinton on which they Difcovred their miftake and 
defired to withdraw but they ware Clofley Examined during which time Tayler was 
obferved by the Sergt that attended to hold his hankerchif to his mouth and to 
Swolow Southing, the govener being Informed of it ordered Docter Highbe to give 
him a Dofe of tartre maick, which done he vometed up a Small Silver ball about the 
beignes of a Robens Egg.^ it was Examined and found to open with a Screw and 

1 This silver ball is on exhibition at Independence Hall, Philadelphia, on the first floor of the southern 



20 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Contanied a Short letter from Gen' Clinton to Gen' Burgoyne. Informing him of 
his progrefs So far, but that it was out of his power to adv^ance to his Relife, and 
advifing him to the beft he Could. Tayler, who was Stobern and wou''' not give the 
leaft intelegence but dared them to hang him : was acordingly hanged but Van 
blake who maid a full Confefion was Repreved. 

Gen' Burgoyne had wated with full hopes of being Supported by Gen' Clinton, 
but as the times [37] alloted for his Comming was amoft out, and no intalagence 
from him arived he was Detarmined to atack the american line 

ocf 7. the 7th of October a Detachment of 1500 Regular troops, with two twelve 
pounders, and 6 Six pounders, were ordered to move Commanded by the Gen' 
in perfon, who was Seconed by Gen' Phillips Readhefl and Frazer. the guard of the 
Camp on the high grounds was Commited to Gen' Hambelton and Speiht, that of 
the Redouts and the plane near the River to Brig'' Gen' Goll. — 

The Britilb formed with in three quarters of of a Mile of the Americans left, at 
the Same time Pufliing on the on the irregular through bye ways to be a Check 
upon their Rear. 

But this movement was timley difcovered by Gen' Gates, who with his Army 
was too atentive to their duty to Suffer them Selves to be Suprifed Gen' Gates did 
not wait not wait to be atacked, but ordered out a Detachment who maid a Sudant 
and Rapped atack on Maj"" Ackland who Commanded the Britifh Granedears and 
was Pofted to Support the left wing of the line, and I Extended the atack along the 
whole front of the Germands who were pofted on the Right of the granidears that 
it become [38] become Impractibal with them to forme a seco^'^ line to Suport 
the flank, which they had intended at the Same time he Detached a Strong body 
Round the flank of the Enemys Right in order to Cut of their Retreet to their Camp 
on which the Britifli light Infintry and 24th Reg* were throne into a Second line to 
oppofe that attempt and to Cover the Retreet of the troop into Camp. — but at the 
Same time Gen' Gates Sent a Strong party to defide the action on the Enemys left, 
and force^ them to give way. on which the lite Infintry and 24 Reg* were obliged 
to alter their Movements in order to keep this wing from being Entierly Cut off. at 
this time Gen' frazer was mortilly wounded. Gen'** Phillips & Readhefel were ordered 
to Cover the Retreet. they ware hard and Clofly prefed into their lines, they loft 
6 peaces of Cannon, and moft of the atillary men, and horfes belonging to them were 
Either killed or wounded 

The Britifh had juft Entred their Camp, when their lines were Stormed in Dif- 
ferent parts Gen' Arnold led on the attack, with his ufal bravery, but in the Criti- 
cale moment of glory and danger, he was dangeroufly wounded, Jull as he was got 
within the lines, this gave [39] Check to the attempt in that place, which after Some 
more Efforts was given up. But in another quarter Col° Brayman who Commanded 

wing. I saw it there February 21, 1901. A curious corroboration of this story appeared in the New York 
Sun of August iS, 1901, from Chester, N. Y. 

While constructing a railroad at Hurley's, N. Y., the laborers, on August 17, 1901, dug under an old tree 
known — no one remembered why — as the Spy tree. In their excavations they dug up a man's skeleton, 
and at once the title became clear, — some spy had been hung on its branches and the body buried as usual at 
its foot. Researches showed that the remains must have been those of this same British lieutenant, Daniel 
Taylor, above mentioned, who was captured October 16, 1777, tried by court-martial, and hung here October 18. 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 21 

the German Referve, was killed and the lines Carried Sword in hand, the party 
Entirely Routed, with the lofs of their Baggage tents artillery &c and a poft gained 
that gave an advantagous opning on the Right of the and Rear of the Enemys 
Camp, they attempted to Regain this poft but were Repulfed 

Many were killed on both Sides, and night only put an end to the Engagement. 
It was now impofible for the Enemy to keep their prefent ground with out Sub- 
miting to Certain Diftruction the next day. acordingly they Improved the night in 
Changing the ground of the whole army and took poft on heghts above the Hof- 
pitill. 

oc^'' 8, I jyj. But Geni Gates knew the time Could not be far of that muft throw 
them into his power, without Refking an action with them while So well pofted. 
Skirmihing Continued and not with out lofs on both Sides, on this day Gen^ Lin- 
coln was wounded in the leg, while he was Commanding a Strong party Sent out 
by Gen^ Gates to turn the Enemys Right which would have Completly Sorounded 
them, but it Seems Gen^ Burgoyne [40] Difcovred their define, and at 9 aClock at 
night moved his Camp Retreeting to Saratoga, a heavy Rain that night and the 
next day faivoured their Efcape. 

9^^ the 9th the hofpitil with the Sick and wounded fell into the hands of the 
Americanes. and Gen' Gates behaved with that attention and humanity to all thofe 
whome the fortan of war had thrown into his hands. Which the Enemy found 
it Dificult to pafs the fords of the fifli kills which lies to the N. of Saratoga, which 
were much hire by the fall of Rain, So that they did not Reach Saratoga, before 
the morning of the tenth, when they foun^ a party of the Americanes, Entrenching 
on the heith who at there aproch retired over a ford of the N. River and Joined a 
Greater force, which was Statined there to pervent the pafsing of the army 

No hops was now left to the Enemy but that of effecting a retreet to fort George, 
on their way to Canada, for this purpufe a detachment of artififers under a Strong 
Efcort were Sent forward to Repair the Bridges, and open the rods, to fort Edward, 
but they ware not long departed, when the Suddant aperiance of the Americans in 
Strong force on the opofite bights, with their aperant preprations [41] to pafs the 
fifii kills and bring on an immeadate Engagement maid it nefery to recol moft of 
the Efcort. the artififers were atacked at the firft Bridge, they under took to Re- 
pair, and their Guard Run and left them to Shift for them Selves. 

The Americanes had now lined the opfite Shore of the N. River with troops, and 
a Continual fire was kept upon the Enemys Battux loaded with provifion and neferys : 
many of them were taken, at length they found they Could only Save the Reman- 
der by landing and bringing it up the hill to the Camp, which was effected under a 
heavy fire with much Dificualty and Lofs. 

The Enemy in this Deplorable Condition held a Counfel, when it was propofed 
as the only way of Efcape, to make a forced march by Night, to fort Edward, 20 
Miles and to force the fords, near the fort, the troops to Carrey their provifion on 
their backs there being now no pofsibillity of Reparing the Roads, So as to Convay 
their Artilliry Stores &C 

But they ware Soon Informed that this — [42] Laft Reforce for a Retreet was 
Cut off as the Americans had Strongly Entrenched them Selves oppifet all thefe 



22 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

fords, and had provided Artillery on all the Convenant heights between fort Edward 
and fort George. 

The Britilh armey was now Reduced to the laft Extremity. Deferted by the In- 
dins and moll; of the Canadons. many of their beft officers loft, the number of their 
regular Effective fiting men Reduced to 3,500 (as they Say) and the reft much 
Difpirited and woren down by Continual fortigue and hard Duty. Surrounded three 
parts out of fore by a Suppearer force, who ware So nigh as to keep a Continual 
fire on them with Cannon grape & Rifel Shot, all pofsibility of retreet Cut of, and 
not above three days provifion in the Camp, and no hops of Succour from Sir Henry 
Clinton. 

ocf 13. 1777. In this Situation the 13th of October Gen^ Burgo" Called a Gen^ 
Counfel inviting not only the Gen^ and field officers but Captains. [43] Command- 
ing Corps or divifions, to be prefent. and it was the unanimos determination to open 
a treaty and Enter into a Convention with Gen' Gates, which was Concluded the 17th. 

ocf 17. The princible articals of the Convention were, the army Should march 
out of their Camp with all the honours of war, and its Camp Artillery, to a fixed 
peice of ground where they ware for to Depofit their armes. to be alloued a free 
Embarkation to Europe from Bofton upon Condition of their not Serving again in 
America during the prefent war. the army not to be Seprated. the men from the 
officers, Roill Calling and other dutys of Regularity to be admitied. the officers to 
be admited on parole, and to \vere their Side armes. all privit property to be Sacred, 
and the publik Delivred upon honour, no Baggage to be Serched or molefted. all 
perfons of whatfover Country appertaning to or following the Camp to be fully 
Comprehended in the terms of Capitulation, and the Canadans to Return to their 
own Country liable to its Conditions and bound by the Same [44] Aritcals of not 
Serving during the prefent Conteft with America. 

the third Article in Convention is as follows. Should any Carteal take place, 
by which the Army under Gen' Burgoyne, or any part of it, may by Exchanged, the 
forgoing Articals to be void as far as Such Exchange Shall be maid. 

the articles to be void relates to their going to Europe &c A London Magizen 
makes the Britifli lofs in Gen' Burgoyns Armey killed, 2,000 Wounded 1126 prifon- 
ers 5,572. 

The annual Regefter for the year "jj [1777] Says the Americans State the whole 
number who laid down their Armes Including Canadans, provinchels vollintears 
Regulars and irregulars of all Sorts at 5752. 

And the number of Sick and wounded left in the hofpitils at the Retreet from 
Camp near Stillwarter to be 528 men and the lofs of this armey befides in killed, 
wounded taken or deferted from the 6th of July to the time of the Convention to 
bee 2,933. 35 Brafs pieces befides much more Artillery and Stores were taken 

American acount makes the Amount to be [45] Six Gen'^ Viz. L* Gen' Burgoyn 
Maj"" Gen's philHps and Readhefl, Brig''^ Hambelton, Specht, and Another German 
Generel and 6 Members of parliment among the Staff prifoners. Britifli officers and 
Solders, prifeners by Convention 2442 forners prifoners by D° 2198 Canadans Sent 
to Canada iioo Sick 598 wounded 508, prifoners of war before the Convention 400 
Deferters 300, Loft at Benington 1220 killed between Sep* 19th and October the 17th 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 



23 



600 taken at Ticondroga 413 killed at Gen^ harkmiores battle and at fort Stanoks 
300 from a News paper Total, 1,01 11 

[46] A Vew of the Britifli and American forces Operating in the middle Colo- 
nies in the years of 1776, 1777, and 1778 : — as p'' Jofeph Galloway 



Dates 


Britifli 


Americanes 


Superiority 




1776 

Auguft 

November 

December 


24.000 
26.000 
27.700 


16.000 
4.500 
3-300 


8.000 
22.400 
24.400 




1777 

March 

June ) 

July i 

Septembr 

Decembr 


27.000 

30-000 

30.000 
30-000 


4.500 

8.000 

1 6. coo 
10.500 


22.500 

22.500 

1 4- 000 
19.500 


N. B 

The troops in Canada, 
nova Scotia Rhode 
Ifland and St. Augaf- 
ten are not Included 






1778 

Febuary | 

March \ 

Apriel ) 

June ) 


29.500 
29.500 


4.500 
8-500 


25.000 
2 1 .000 





Wrote at FlatLand Long Ifland NoV 13th 1780 by Rufus Lincoln 



[47] 


day 




Britifli 


American 


1777 


kild 


wond 


pr^ 


kild 


wond 


prss 


Octo'- 


22 

15 

5 

10 

28 


The Battle at 
Red Bank 


400 

B 

300 


B 

52 


B 

84 








NoV^ 


At Mud Ifland 




Dec"" 


At Chefnut hill 






Crofsing the Sound Col^ 
Webb and party taken 


A 

68 




Near a Bridge over Schuyl- 
kill with Gen. Fetters Militia 




Dec*- 


Between Darby & Schuykill 


A 

34 



24 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 





day 




Britilh 


American 


1778 


klld 

B 

245 

B 

7 
B 

I 

B 

5 


wond 


pr^ 

B 

23 


kild 

A 
23 

A 

2 

5 

A 
19 
A 
10 

A 
69 

A 
50 

A 
3 

A 
6 

A 

2 

B 

150 


wond 


pi-ss 


1778 

January 


20 

4 
10 

19 

24 

5 
30 

28 

28 
29 

24 

25 
3 


Major Lee attacked by Major 
Gwin 


B 

19 
B 

3 

B 
II 


A 

143 

A 
30 

A 
6 


A 

6 


Feby 


The Britifli went up to Briftol 


A 
3 




The Britilh Suprifed a guard 
Near Frankford 


A 
9 




The Britilh Suprifed a guard 
at New Town Bucks County 


A 

33 




The Britilh took 130 Cattle 
& Some prifoners near the 
Croked Billet 






Fort Kalkafsais in the Honeys 
Suprifed by Col Clark 




[48]Api 


the Britilh Surprifed a guard 
near Coopers fery 


35 


May 


A Skirmiili at Cobus kill be- 
tween Col° Brant with a party 
of 170 againft 33 Americans 
Lieutenant Maynard taken 


A 

3 




Geni Leacy Suprifed by the 
Britilh near the Croked Billit 


A 
50 


June 


The Battle at Monmoth 






Geni Sullivens Expidition on 
Rhods Hand 




Sep-- 


Colo Baylor Suprifed by Gen^ 
Gray 


A 
40 


Dcc^ 


Savanah in Georga taken by the 
Britilh 


A 

453 


1779 
Jan^ 


Fort Morris at Sunbury in 
Georga taken by the Britilh 


A 

203 




Fort St Vincent in the Ilonays 
taken by Col^ Clark & Som 
other Skirmiges there 


A 
128 




Col Shelbys Expidition againft 
the Indines 






The atempt to Suprife Gen^ 
Maxwell at Elezeboth Town 


B 

23 


IMarch 


A Skirmige at Brier Creek in 
George 


B 
200 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 



25 





day 




Britifli 


American 


1779 


kild 


wond 

B 

I 

B 
I 

B 
92 

B 

35 

B 

63 

B 

15 


pr^ 


kild 


wond 


pi-ss 




22 

7 
12 
26 
I 
10 

I 

20 
16 

14 

9 

25 
27 

3 

23 
29 


BritiOi prifoners taken from on 
board the Ship Mairmaid 
near Egg harbour 


B 
I 

B 

25 . 

A 
64 

B 
85 

B 

40 

B 

3 

B 

2 


A 

42 

A 

76 

A 

543 

A 

155 

A 

374 

A 
9 


B 

2 

B 

3 

A 

30 
A 
15 

B 

1 100 

B 
41 

B 
6 


A 
116 

A 

83 




Apri 


Britilh prifoners taken at Sea 
by Cap* Hopkins 






An American Guard Suprifed 
at Little Ferry Jerfey 


B 

13 


[49]Api 


The Britifli go over to middle- 
town Jerfey 


B 

25 


June 


Fort De Lafayet taken by the 
Britifli 


A 
61 




The BritiOi troops & Refeges 
went over to the Jerfey Col^ 
Hendrixfon Wycuff among 
the prifoners 




July 


An Expidition of the afsociated 
Refuges by warter to Connecut 
Commanded by Col^ Window 






The Action at Stono & Gen^ pro- 
voft Expition againft Charlftovvn 




July 


Gen^ Wayne Suprifed and took 
Stony point 




Augt 


the Expidition Compleated at 
peonobScot 






The Garafon at powlers hook 
Surprifed by Major Lee 




Sept 


Prifoners taken at Sea out of 
the tialifax fleet & Caried into 
pilidelphia 




Ocf 


Gen' Lincoln & Count D. 
Eaifling Repulfed at Savanah 




1780 
Jany 


the Britilh Suprifed a Guard 
at Elezabeth Town 


A 

51 




the Britifli Suprifed a Guard 
at Ne ark Jerfey 


B 

36 


[50] Feb 


The Britifli Suprifed L* Col^ 
Thomfon at the white plains 


B 

99 


March 


the Britifli surprifed a Guard 
at Hopperftown Jerfey 


B 
64 




A Skirmige on the Ogeechee 
River in Geor^ 





26 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 





day 




Britifli 


American 


1780 




















kild 


wond 


pr^ 


kild 


won d 


prss 


May 


12 


Charls town taken by the Brit- 
ifh Continentils 1568 prifon- 
ers as p'' Gen^ Lincohis letter 


B 


B 








B 




29 


killed 86 wounded 140 


1^ 
B 


189 
B 




B 




5618 




Col° Bufort Suprifed by L* 


B 




14 


Col'' Tarlton at Wafcaw Carlina 


5 
A 


9 




113 




203 


Augt 


Britilh officers taken at Sea 






16 


in the pacquit 


6 














Gen' Gates Defected by Lord 








Cornw^ at Camdn 
















Col° Sumpter Suprifed by L"^ 








Col° Tarlton near the hanging 


B 


B 




B 




B 






Rock 


6 


9 




150 




300 




A Skirmige Near Ninty Six 




\_Rouic of Cap t a 


in Riiftis Lhicoln's Company front Ta 


7cnion, 


Mass., to Fort Ticonderof;a, 


N. K] 


[51] Marched i 


"rom Taunton Wefltown 




Benington 




for Ticondn 


Dga March Ware 




Shaffbourough 




20th lyy-j 


Belcher 




Allintown 




Nortan 


Hadley 




Sunderland 




Manffield 


Northamton 




Manchefter 




Rentham 


Chefterfield 




Dofet 




Mendom 


Wetherntown 




Rhuport 




Upton 


Partrige field 




Pollet 




Graftown 


Gage bourogh 




Grandwell 




Wofter 


New Providance 




Skeenfborough 




Lefter 


Eaft hoofeck 




Ticondroga 




Spencer 


Williames town 




Arived at Ticondroga 


Brool< 


field 


Powndwell 






Apriel 


5th ^jj'j 1 





[52] 1777 Retretted from Ticondroga July G-"^ 
Arived at Fort Miller July 13*'^ 
Advanced to Mofes Creeik July 18'^ 
Retreeted to Saratoga July 28^^ 
Retreeted to Stillwater Augufl th 2^ 
Retreeted to Van Schoiks Ifland Auguft th \^^ 

1 Massachusetts : Norton, Mansfield, Wrentham, Mendon, Upton, Grafton, Worcester, Leicester, Spencer, 
Brookfield, Weston, Ware, Belcher, Hadley, Northampton, Chesterfield, Worthington, Partridgefield, New 
Providence, East IToosic, Williamstown. 

Vermont : Pownal, Bennington, Shaftsbury, Arlington, Sunderland, Manchester, Dorset, Rupert, Pawlet, 
Granville. New York : Skeensborough, Ticonderoga. 



DIARY NUMBER ONE 27 

Advanced up to Still Wauter Septembr th g^ 

Advanced to Bemansheights Sepf th 12 

A Return of the kild wounded & mifsing the 19*'^ Sepf 1777 kild 2 L* Col^ 
3 Cap*^ 2 Subaltons 3 Serg*^ 2 Drum & fifers 5 1 Rank & file. Wounded 6 Cap^^ : 
15 Subaltons 13 Serg^^ i Drumer 182 Rank & file Mifsmg i Cap*^ i Sub. 7 Serges 
31 Rank & file 

October 7*^ this day the lafl Battle was fought with Generel Burgoyne. 

[53] October 10*^ followed Gen^ Burgoyn to Saratoga 

Marched for Albony Ocf th 18 day 

Removed down the N. River to Ouemans overflow Ocf 30 

Went down to Kings Ferry November 7^^ 

Marched from Kings Ferry NoV 13^^ 

Arived at White Marfh [Valley Forge] Nov'' 22^'^ 

December 28^'^ 1777 Taken prifoner Confined State house.^ 

January 4* Removed to the New Goal Philadelphia 

Feb^ 17*'^ Removed to the Golden Swan 

March 18^^^ Removed to the New Goal again 

May y^^ had my parole to M''^ Kindils house 

May 12*^ took the Small pox 

June 16*1^ 1778 left Philadelphia 

June 28* Arived at New York 

[54] June 29*^^ 1778 had my parole on Long Hand to live at Petrus Amerman 
flat land Townfliip Kings Gouty 

November 4^^ 1780 Removed to Mr^ Ida Strikers 

January 25*'^ 1781 Exchanged — 

June 15^^ 1783 left the Encamptment at New Winsor on furlough. 

Nov'' 3*^ 1783 Discharged the Army by order of Congrefs. — 

[55] Moved to Wareham Apriel 5-1799 

[56] account of work Minor did for mr^ Bump April 7^^ 1804 number of days 
eight 

1 After his arrival at White Marsh ("Valley Forge), Pa., he was employed, as he says, in building huts, but 
on December 2S, 1777, he went on a scouting or foraging expedition with a squad of men; at Darby, now part 
of the city of Philadelphia, he was surprised and surrounded by a detachment of Hessians, under the command 
of an English officer. The only thing to do was to surrender, which was done, and on the way to the British 
camp Rufus Lincoln spoke sharply to a Hessian (who was abusing one of his men), when the Hessian made 
a lunge at him with his bayonet, striking him in the breast. Fortunately a book or papers saved Rufus Lin- 
coln from injury. The Hessian was cut down by his commanding officer. 

On his way from Philadelphia to Long Island, Rufus Lincoln was a " quest " of the notorious Jailer "Cun- 
ningham " at the New Gaol, or what was, until recently demolished for rapid transit purposes, the Hall of Re- 
cords in the City Hall Park, New York ; many officers and Americans of note died of sickness and neglect in 
this prison. The demolition of this ancient building was an act of vandalism, and it leaves but two buildings 
of note which were standing during the Revolutionary War, Fraunce's Tavern and the Morris Mansion, or 
as it is better known, the Jumel Mansion. 

Petrus Ammerman's house is still standing in Flatlands. 



Note. It is difficult to tell the exact meaning of the initials in many cases ; four men who are known t< 
have escaped are marked R., which might mean Ran-a-way. 

Column marked Evs. Evts. Ests. means the manner in which the prisoners were disposed of. 
P. E. = Parole Exchanged M. = Militia 

P. = Paroled F. C. = Flving Camp 

E. = Exchanged Warald = Alaryland 

R. = Ran away (?) or Released (?) Conn. Leaves = Connecticut Levies 

E. C. = Broke Cartel P>aylors Hors = Baylor's Horse 

Con' = Continental Vols or Vollens = Volunteers 




29 



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BOOK TWO 



This book is oblong in shape (end fold), bound in paper covers, leaves 6 by 8 inches in size, 
but many pages are missing throughout the book. 

It is interesting from the fact that it is the one in which Rufus Lincoln made the original entries 
of The Family Record, prior to those in the Family Bible. 

At first it was evidently used as a Company Memorandum book, and later for personal matters. 
The writing beginning at both ends and reading towards the vtiddle will explain the peculiar 
page numbers. 

Another point of interest is the Massachusetts Captains List, and it was owing to the constant 
dispute among them as to seniority that the matter was thus finally settled. 

Another matter of interest is the account of the celebration of the birth of the Dauphin of 
France, with the only known picture drawn by Rufus Lincoln. 

From the number of entries of Resolutions of Congress relating to the army, it is supposed that 
Rufus Lincoln may have been one of the regimental writers or secretaries. 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 

[Inside of Cover] 
Names of the men in Capt Lincolns Company Who Received thir gaters June 

Serg* Tilley Hitchman 

Corp^ Evens B Perry 

Corpi Winfor [Winsor] Rofs 

Jolley Smith 

N. Fullar Muckford 

Johnfton Corp^ Grayham 

[Fly leaf] 
C*P* Rufus Lincoln left Camp June 13*1^ 1783 — Rufus Lincoln 

Memomndom Feby 26*^^ 1785 
[1] Rufus Lincoln was born Nov"" 10*^ 1751 

Lydia his Wife was born Feby 27**^ 1758 

Drufilla Lincoln Daughter to Rufus & Lydia Lincoln was born Dec"" 10*'^ 1783 on 
wendsday 

Rufus Lincoln Son to Rufus & Lydia Lincoln, was born September 26*^ 1785 — 
on Munday morning four A clock — 

Bradford Lincoln Son to Rufus and Lydia Lincoln : was born July 5*^ 1787 on 
Thursday about Twelve O Clock 

Pruda Lincoln Daughter to Rufus and Lydia Lincoln, was born Apriel 18*^ 1790 
on Sabaath day about Eleven OClock in the morning 

Gamaliel Lincoln was born June the 20*^ 1792 on Wedensday 

Memorandom 

[2] Granmother Coding Died Sep*. ( ) 

Granfather Lincoln Died March 22**^ 1761 

My father Ichabod Lincoln Died Sep* 2&'°- 1768 

Gran mother Lincoln Died July 31*^^ 1769 

Unkel Elisha Codding Died Sep* 24*11 1784 

Minor S Lincoln was born September 5*^ 1794 on friday, twelve oClock 

George Gilbert Lincoln Was born Febuary 20*^ 1798 on Tusday about five 
oclock in the after knoon 

Lydia Lincoln Was born Sept 30*^ 1800 on Tusday about 6 oclock in the after 
knoon 

Spencer Leonard & Drufilla Lincoln was married April 15*^ 1804 



44 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



[3] The prices of Provision and and other Stores which are drawn by the offi- 
cers of the Army from M"" Sands and Company Contractors Feby 7 1782 























<u 















































>_ 












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Feby I St 



2d 


4/2d 


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id 


1/3 


9d 


4/2 


9/6 


1/6 




10/2 



6d 



J/(rz;/ IS"'' iy82 Enfign Sever was Transfared to the Light Infantry 
Ifrael Smith joined from Defertion the 28^^ of May — 82 
Corpi Winsor joind June i*'^ 1782 
Mofes Johnfton Joind June 25*^ 82 

[4] An account of Provision and other Stores drawn from M"" Sands Commint- 
ing Feby 7 1782 

































>, 













































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6 






















2 


17 


I 2 


April 


17th 




20B 




























April 


2ith 


24 






























April 


23th 


24 


12 


•• 


— 


— 


— 


— 


— 


— 


— 


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April 


24*^^ 




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• 








April 


28^^ 




10 




■ 








y2 


3 















[5] Taunton May 24*^ 1794 

Reed of Rufus Lincoln one of the Slectmen three Quarters of pound of powder 

& twenty four Bullets ,^,.. , ^'%7- 1 

•^ Elijah + Vickery 

mark 

Taunton Sept 6*^ 1794 

Reed of Rufus Lincoln one of the Slectmen three Quarters of a pound of pow- 
der & twenty four Bullets Semuel Sely 

Taunton May 4*'^ 1795 Reed of Rufus Lincoln one of the Slectmen three 
Quarters of a pound of powder & twenty four Balls pr Afa Stephens. 

[6] February 23-^ 1804 the Great Snow began to fall 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 



45 



Head Quarters Newburgh 2^ May 1782 
[7] The folloing Arrangment of the Captains in the Mafsachusets Line being 
fixed by a board of General and field officers duly authorised is approved of by the 
Commander in Chief and it is to be considerd as Conclusive — 



No 


Captains Names 


Regt 


Dates of Commifsions — 


I 


Noah Allen 


I 


1 6th Ocf 1776 


2 


Isaac Pope 


4th 


i^t Jany 1777 


3 


Samuel Carr 


gth 


Do 


4 


Seth Drew 


2 


Do 


5 


Silvanas Smith 


rth 


Do 


6 


John Burnham 


3th 


Do 


7 


Nath' Cushing 


Ith 


Do 


8 


Japheth Daniels 


6th 


Do 


9 


Nath' Goodail 


5th 


Do 


10 


Asa Coburn 


yth 


Do 


II 


Daniel Pilsbury 


6th 


Do 


12 


George Weeb 


4th 


Do 


13 


Judah Alden 


2^ 


Do 


14 


Luke Day 


nth 


Do 


15 


Hafield White 


5th 


Do 


[8] 16 


Joseph Williames 


3 


Do 


17 


Joshua Benson 


5th 


Do 


18 


Job Sumner 


3^ 


Do 


19 


Amos Cogswell 


8th 


Do 


20 


Jerimiah Miller 


Ith 


Do 


21 


Crist'- Marshall 


IQth 


Do 


22 


Nathan Dix 


8th 


i^t March 1777 


23 


John Blanchard 


^th 


15*'' March 1777 


24 


William North 


gth 


iQth May Do 


25 


John Hasting 


9th 


25th May Do 


26 


Joseph Fox 


gth 


23th June Do 


27 


Luther Baly 


2d 


7th July Do 


28 


John Williames 


Ith 


nth Augt Do 


29 


John K. Smith 


6th 


12th Feby 1778 


30 


Simon Larned 


4th 


20th March Do 


31 


Seth Banister 


4th 


I St April Do 


32 


Elathan Haskall 


4th 


I St April Do 


33 


James Tisdal 


3th 


3d May Do 


34 


Stephen Abbot 


lOth 


28th May Do 


35 


Abraham Williames 


2d 


29th Sept Do 


36 


Adam Baley 


2d 


I St Nov"- Do 


37 


Thomas Hunt 


gth 


I St March 1779 


38 


Ebnezer Smith 


6th 


30th March Do 


39 


Henry Sewill 


2th 


jst April Do 


40 


Benj'" Haywood 


6th 


I St April Do 



46 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 
Rank of Captains Continued 



No 


Names 


Regt 


Date of Commifsion 




[9] 41 


Christ Woodbridge 


6th 


i^h April 1779 




42 


Phinehas Bowman 


5th 


19th April Do 




43 


Tho^ Turner 


^th 


24*1^ Apri Do 




44 


John Mills 


I St 


3'h May Do 




45 


William More 


4th 


1 5*^ June Do 




46 


Robart Bradford 


2d 


2ith June Do 




47 


Michal J. Houdin 


5th 


28th June Do ' 




48 


John Fray- 


yth 


5 A July Do 




49 


James Mains 


2d 


5th July Do 




50 


Robart Walker 


gth 


Do Do Do 




51 


William Watson 


9th 


26th July Do 




52 


Tho^ Hartshorn 


gth 


Do Do Do 




53 


William Story 


8th 


1 2th Augt Do 




54 


Joseph Bates 


7 th 


8th ocf Do 




55 


Mathew Chambers 


6th 


nth Nov' Do 




56 


Silas Perce 


3th 


5th Dec"^ Do 




57 


Tho^ Frances 


lOth 


1 8th March 1780 




58 


Daniel Lunt 


IQth 


Do Do Do 




59 


Tho^ Prichard 


3^^ 


24th March Do 




60 


Rufus Lincoln 


7th 


13th April Do 




61 


Mafon Wotels 


6th 


Do Do Do 




62 


Peter Cloyes 


6th 


Do Do Do 




[10] 63 


David Holbrook 


4th 


14th April Do 




64 


John Fullar 


4th 


1 6th Do Do 




65 


Abner Wade 


gth 


12th May Do 




66 


John Fowls 


3^^ 


26th Do Do 




67 


Frances Green 


ith 


30th Augt Do 




68 


Eliphlet Thorp 


yth 


iQth Sept Do 




69 


Zebulon King. 


7th 


4th Ocf Do 




70 


Jonathan Turner 


IQth 


[— ] Do Do 




71 


Ebnezer Smith 


gth 


6th Ocf Do 




72 


Joseph Killam 


5th 


14th Do Do 




73 


Timothy Remick 


Jth 


Do Do Do 




74 


Benj'" Pike 


6th 


1 6th Oct^ Do 




75 


John Trotter 


5th 


1 8th Do Do 




76 


Nehemiah Emerfon 


IQth 


27th Do Do 




77 


Othniel Tayler 


lOth 


30th Do Do 




78 


James Buxton 


IQth 


jth Jany 1781 




79 


Jonathan Maynord 


7th 


25th Do Do 




80 


Daniel Lee 


3' 


ith Feby Do 




81 


Jonathan Stone 


5th 


25th April Do 




82 


William Mills 


nth 


nth May Do 




83 


Simon Lord 


-7 th 


12th Do Do 




84 


John Hobby 


3^^ 


20th July Do 




85 


Samuel Henly 


^th 


9th Augt Do 




86 


Jonathan Felt 


7th 


24th Octbr Do 




87 


Walter Dean 


IQth 






88 


Jefse Holister 


Ith 






89 


Caleb Clap 


4th 






90 


Simon Jackson 


3^ 







DIARY NUMBER TWO 47 

[11] Resolutions of Congrefs making provision or allowances to wounded Super 
numeary or other officers of the American army under various contingences Viz 

August 26th 1776 

Where as in the course of the Present War, Some Commifsoned and non Com- 
inifsoned officers at the Army & navy, as alfo private Solders mariens and Seaman 
may loose a limb or be otherwifs disabled to as to prevent their Serving in the Army 
or navy or gitting their livliwhod and may Stand in need of Relief. 

Refolved that every Commissoned officer non Commifsoned officer and Privat 
Solder who Shall loose a limb in any Engagement or be So difabled in the Service 
of the United States of America as to render him incapable afterward of getting 
a livliwhod Shall receive during his life or the continuance of Such difobility [12] the 
one half of his monthly Pay from and after the time that his Pay as an offier or 
Soldier ceafes to be paid by the Committie as hear after mentioned. 

That every Commander of any Ship of War or armed Vefsels Commifsoned officer 
warrant officer marine or Seman belonging to the United States of America who 
Shall loofe a Limb in any Engagement in which no prize Shall be taken or be there 
in otherwise So disabled as to render him incapable of gitting a livlewhood Shall re- 
ceive during his life or the continuance of Such disabolity, the one half of his monthly 
Pay from & after the time that his Pay as an officer or marine or Seaman ceafes to 
be paid, as hearafter mentioned but in case a prize Shall be taken at the time Such 
lofs of limb or other disability Shall happen then Such Sums as he may Receive out 
of the neat profits of Such Prise before a dividend is maid of the Same — [13] agree- 
able to former orders of Congrefs Shall be Confidired as part of his half Pay and 
computed accordingly 

That every Commifsoned officer Non Commifsoned officer and privit Solder in 
the army and every Commanding Commifsoned officer Warrant officer marine 'or 
Seman of any of the Ships of war or armed Vefsels belonging to the United States 
of America who Shall be wounded in any Engagement So as to be rendered inca- 
pable of Serving in the army or navy thou not totally disabled from gitting a livli- 
whood Shall receive Such monthly Sumes as Shall be Judged adequeate by the 
afsembly or other Reprefentive body of the State where he belongs or resides 
upon application to them for that purpofe Provided the Same do not exceed his half 
pay — Provided that no Commifsoned officer non Commifsoned officer and privat 
Solder in the army. Commander Commifsoned officer warrant officer Marine or 
Seman of any of the Ships of War or armed Vefsels blonging [14] Such half pay, or 
other allowances as shall be audged due to the Persons afforfaid on account of the 
United States. — 

Provided that all Such officers and Solders that may be intitled to the afforfaid 
penfions and are found to be Carpable of doing guard or Garrison Duty Shall be 
formd into a Corps of Invilieds and Subject to the Said duty and all officers marines 
and Seamen of the navy who Shall be intitled to the pension a forefaid and Shall 
be found capable of doing any duty on board the navy or any department there of 
Shall be liable to be So employed 

Ordred that the above be publilhed 



48 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[15] September i6'^ ^77^ — Congrefs then took into confideration the report 
of the boar'^ of war and the ammendment offired by the Committee of the Whole 
and therupon came to the following refolutions. (among others) viz 

That Congrefs make provifion for Granting Lands in the following proportions 
to officers and Solders who Shall Engage in the Service, and continue their in to the 
close of the war or untill difcharged by Congrefs and to the reprefmtives of Such 
officers and Solders as Shall be Slain by the Enemy. 

Such Lands to be provided by the United States and what ever expence Shall 
be necefsary to procure Such Lands, the [16] Said Expence Shall be paid and borne 
by the States in the Same proption as the other expences of the War viz 

To a Colonel 500 acres 

To Lieutenant Colonel 450 

To a Major 400 

To a Captain 300 

To a Lieutenant — 200 

To an Ensign 150 

Each non Commifsioned officer & Solder 100 acers 

September 20'^ 1776. — In order to prevent the officers and Solders who Shall 
be entitled to Lands hereafter to be granted by the refilution of Congrefs of the 
16^'^ from dif posing of the Same during the war : 

Refolved that Congrefs will not grant Lands to any perfon or perfons Claming 
[17] under the afsignment of an officer or Solders 

Alaj 15'^ 1778 — Congrefs refumed the consideration of the report of the 
Comitte of the whole, on an allowance to be made to officers after the war, and on 
revifion an amendment being admitted by general confent, a Question was put to 
agree to the whole as amended. 

Whereupon Refolved unanimosly That all military officers Commifsined by Con- 
grefs who now are or hereafter may be in the Service of the United States, and 
Shall continue their in during the war, and not hold any office of profit under the 
United States, or any of them, Shall after the conclusion of the war be entitled to 
receive annually for the term of Seven years if they live so long one half of the 
prefent pay of Such officers provided that no general officer of the [18] Cavarly 
Artillery, or Infantry, Shall be entitled to receive more then one half part of the Pay 
of a Colo of Such Corps respectively and provided that this refolution Shall not ex- 
tend to any officer in the Service of the United States, unlefs he Shall have taken 
an oath of allegiance to and shall actually refide with in Some one of the United 
States. 

Refolved Unanimously That every non Commifsiond millitary officer and Solder 
who hath inlifted or Shall inlift into the Service of the united States for and during 
the war, and Shall continue theirin to the end thereoff Shall be intitled to receive 
the further reward of eighty Dollars at the expiration of the war. 

November 24'^ 1778 Congrefs took in to confideration the report [19] of the 
Committe of Arrangment, and there upon (among others) came to the following 
refolutions viz. 

Wheras from the alteration of the Eflabilishments and other caufes many valu- 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 49 

able officers have been and may be omitted in the new arrangment, being Super 
numerary, who from their Conduct and other Servicies are entitled to the honourable 
notice of Congrefs, and to a Suitable provision untill they can return to civile life 
with advantage : 

Refolved therefore that Congrefs gratefully acknowledges the faithfull Services 
of Such officers, and that all Supernumerary officers be entitled to one years pay of 
their Commifsion refpectivly, to be computed from the time Such officer had leave 
of absence from the Commander [20] in Chief on this account, and Congrefs do ear- 
neftly recomend to the Seviral States to which Such officers belonges to make Such 
further provifion for them as their refpective circumftances and merit may entitle 
them to. 

August I7'^ 1779. Congrefs proceeded to the confideration of the report on a 
further provifion for the Army, and ther upon came to the following Refolutions : — 

Refolved that the consideration of that part of the report for extending the half 
pay be poftponed. 

Wheres the army of the United States of America have by there patriotifm valour, 
and perfeverance in the defence of the rights and liberties of there Country [21] be- 
come entitled to the gratitude as well as the Approbation of their fellow Citizens — 

Refolved that it be and it is hereby recomended to the Several States that have 
not adopted measures for that purpose to make Such further provision for the officers, 
and for the Solders inlifted for the war, to them respectivly belonging who shall con- 
tinue in Service till the Eflablifhment of Peace, as shall be an adquat Compenfation 
for the many dangers lofses and hardfliips they have Suffired, and been exposed to 
in the course of the present contest either by granting to their officers half Pay for 
life, and proper rewards to the Solders, or in Such other manner as may oppear most 
expidant to the Legistives of the Seviral States. — 

[22] Refolved that it be and hearby is recomended to the Several States to make 
Such provifsion for the widows of Such of their officers and Such of their Solders 
inlifted for the war as have died, or may die in the Service, as Shall Secure to them 
the Sweets of that liberty for the attainment of which their husbands had nobly 
laid down their lives. 

yanuary 24'^, 1780. Congrefs proceeded to the confideration of the raports of the 
Committe on the letter of the 18*^ of November last from General Wafliington when 
(after) a motion was maid &c. and a division called for &c. 

[23] Refolved that for the ensuing Campaign the Seviral States be requirred to 
furnifli by draughts or otherwise on or before the first day of April next the deficin- 
caes of their refpctive quatos of Eighty Battalions of Infantry as apprpotioned by a 
refolution of Congrefs of the ninth of March 1779 • — 

That the non Commifsond officers and Solders are or may be Inlifted in the 
Seviral Military Corps of the army not included in the Said Eighty Battalions be 
confidred as part of the Said quotas and credited to the States to which Such officers 
and Solders refpctivly do or may belong 

[24] That from and after the first day of August 1780 the Army Shall be en- 
titled to receive their pay as Stated before the first day of January 1777 in the new 
bills emitted perfuant to the refolutions of Congrefs of the 18^^ of March last, that 



so PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

the officers Shall heareafter be allowed five Dollars per month in the Said new bills 
for each retaind ration : 

That the board of war be derected to report to Congrefs a lift of the officers not 
belonging to the Quota of any State, with an account of the ballances due to each, 
to make their pay good for paft Serviaces agreeable to a refolution of Congrefs of 
the tenth of April laft. 

[25] That Such of the States as have not made compenfation to their officers 
and Solders, agreeable to the recommendation of Augt 17^^ 1/79, be and they are 
hereby requefted to do it as Soon as pofsible. 

That the provision for granting Lands by the refolution of September 16*^ 1776 
be and hereby is extended to the Genera^ Officers in the following proportion : 

To a major General one thoufand one Hundred acres. A Brigadier General 
eight hundred and fifty acres that the officers of the armey be furnished as Soon as 
pofsible with two months pay on account to relieve their ^refent wants mentioned 
in their memoral. 

[26] Aiiguft 12'^ 1780. Congrefs Took into consideration the report of the 
Comitte on the memorial of the General Officers whereupon — 

Refolved That the Said General Officers be informed that Congrefs have at no 
time been unminfull of the militery virtues which have diftingufhed the Army of 
the United States through the courfe of this war, and that it has been constantly 
one of the principale objects of there care not only to provide for the health and 
Comfort of the Army but to gratify their reafonable desires as far as the publick 
exigances would admit. 

That patience Self-denial fortitude, and perfeverance and the cheerfull Sacrifics 
of time and health are necefsery virtues [27] which both the Citizen and Solder 
are called to excerise while Struggling for the libertes of their Country : and that 
moraderation frugality temprance must be among the cheif Supportfer as well as 
the brightest orniments of that kind of civil Goverment which is wifely Inftituated 
by the Seviral States in this Union. 

That it has been recomended to the Several States to make Compenfation for 
the officers and Solders to them refpectively belonging, for the depreciation of their 
Pay : and that Congrefs will ttake Speedy meafures for Liquidating, and paying what 
is due on that account, to the officers and Solders who do not belong to the Quota 
of any State. 

[28] Aitgiift 24'^ 1780. Congrefs took in to consideration the report of the 
Comittee on the memorial of the General officers and therupon. 

Refolved that the officers of the line of the army Commanding Corps when in 
Camp, be alloued to draw So many of the rations of provifion heretofore with held 
as the Commander in Cheif or the Comander of a Seprate armey Shall Judge necef- 
sary, but that no provision be ifsued for back rations not drawn on the days they 
became due. That if it Shall appear that the Subfiftan" money, alloued to the officers 
in lue of the rations with held is not equal to the coft [29] Coft of the rations, the 
deficiancy Shall hereafter be maid up to them 

That the refolutions of the 15 day of May 1778 granting half pay for Seven 
years to the officer of the army who Shall cntinue in Service to the end of war, be 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 51 

extended to the widows of those officers who have died, or Shall hereafter die in the 
Service to commince from the time of Such officers death, and continue for the term 
of Seven years, or if their be no widow or in cafe of her death or intermarriage 
the Said half pay be givin to the orphan Children of the officers dying as aforfaid 
if he Shall have left any and that it be recomended to the legislitives of the refpec- 
tive States to which Such officers belongs to make [30] provifion for paying the 
Same on Account of the United States. — 

That the reftricting clause in the refolution of the 15*^ of May 1778 granting 
half pay to the officers for Seven years exprefsed in these words viz "and not 
holding any offic of profit under these States or any of them " be and hearby is 
repaled. 

October 3*^ 1780. Congrefs taking in to consideration the report of the Com- 
mitte on the Letters from General Wafhington {among other things) refolved 

Where as by the forgoing arrangement many deferving officers must become 
Supernumerary, and it is proper [31] Proper that regard be had to them : 

Refolved that from the time the reform of the Army takes Place they be en- 
titled to half pay for Seven years in Specie or other Currant money equivalent and 
also grants of Land at the close of the War agreeable to the refolution of the 16^^ 
of September 1776. 

Ordered that a Coppy of the forgoing arangment of the army be Sent to the 
Commander in Cheif for his oppinion thereon : and that if there Shall appeear no 
material objection the Same be Carried into immediate effect : 

October 21"* 1780. Congrefs refumed the Confideration of the report of the Com- 
mitte on General [32] Wafhington^ letter of the 11*^ when a motion was made by 
IVP" Duane Seconded by M'' Sullivan, to add to the report the following refolution 
" That the officers who Shall continue in Service to the end of the war. Shall also be 
entitled to half pay during life to commence from the tim of their reduction " and 

Refolved among other things. That the Commander in Cheif and the Command- 
ing offecer in the Southarn Department, derect the officers of each State to meet 
and agree upon the officers for the regiments to be raifed by there refpective States 
from those who incline to continue in Service "and where it cannot be done by 
agreement to be determined by Seniority and make return of those who are to 
remain, which [33] which is to be transmitted to Congrefs together with the names 
of the officers reduced who are to be allowed halp pay for life. 

That the officers who Shall continue in the Service to the end of the war. Shall 
alfo be entitled to half pay during life to Commince from the time of there reduction : 

November 2%*'^ 1780. Some doubts having arifen in the minds of the General 
officers, whether the refolution of the 21^* of October last granting half pay for life 
to the officers who Shall remain in Service to the end of the war, was ment to extend 
to them 

[34] Refolved that the Said half pay for life be Extended to all Major Generals and 
Brigadiers General, who Shall continue in Service to the end of the war. 

That the refolution of the 21^* of October was So ment and intended. 



52 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

HEAD QUARTERS NEWBURGH Oct' 30"" 1 782. 

After orders — 

The honouarable the Congrefs have been pleased to pafs the following act. 

By the United States &c August 7^^ iy^2. Refolved 

That the Secerctry at war on or before the i^^ day of January next cause [35] the 
non Commifsoned officers and Solders belonging to the lines of the respective States, 
including Solders Prisoners with the Enemy . . to be aranged in Such a manner as 
to form Compleat Regiments agreeable to the act of Congrefs of the 3^^ and 21 of 
October 1780, or Regiments not lefs than five hundred rank and file ... as circum- 
flances, and the good of the Service, in his Judgment may require, that for the 
purpose the Juniour Regiments Shall be draughted to fill the Sienour Regiments, 
and the Surpluce Should any remain after Such draughts Shall be formed in to a 
Compleat Company or Companyes, as near as may [36] be according to the S'^ estab- 
lishments with proper allouances of field officers to two or more Companyes. the 
Said Regiments and Compaynes Shall be commanded by officers belonging to the 
respective States to which the non commifsone officers and privats So aranged 
Shall belong. 

Refolved That the commander in Chief and Commanding officers of the Southern 
army direct the officers of each State line respectively, to meeat togeather and agree 
and determine upon the officers who Shall remain in Service to Command the troops 
as a forfaid provided where it cannot be done by vollentry agreement the Juner 
officers of each grade Shall retire So as to leave Compleat corps [37] of officers in 
propotion of the number of men, and to be adjusted upon the principalis of the acts 
of the 3^ & 21 of October 1780, and the 5th refuliton of the act pafsed the 23^ day 
of April 1782. Resolved that the Commander in Cheif and Commanding officer of 
the Southern army as Soon as the Said arangement Shall have taken place tranf- 
mit to Congrefs a lift of officers whome they may deem proper to be employed in 
the Several Staff departments and other necefsary duties in the army to be taken 
from the list of retiring officers, and being approved of by Congrefs — and accepting 
Such appointment [38] Such officers Shall retain their rank in the army with the 
Pay and emoliments thereto anexed, Refolved that the officers retiring under the 
foregoing resolutions and not employed in the Staff departments as aforsaid, Shall 
untill Called in to Service with their proper Commands be intitled to all the emolu- 
ments to which the officers are intitled, who retired under the refolutions of the 3^^ & 
21^^ of October 1780. 

That the said officers Shall retain their rank in the armey and be Called in to the 
Service from time to time according to Seniority in case of deficinces of officers 
upon the principales of the forgoings refolutiones Refolved that in aranging the 
non Commifsioned officers [39] and privats of the armey each State Shall be cred- 
ited for all the men except deferters or Such as Shall have died, who Shall have been 
duly mustred to Serve during the war or 3 years in Compliance of the refolutions 
of Congrefs of the 3^ day of October 1780 " or the 10 day of December 1781 

Refolved that the preceding arangment Shall take Effect on the i<^ day of 
January 1783 ; and that Copies therof be immeaditly transmitied by the Sectary at 
war to the executive authority of the respective States. 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 53 

["40] Head Quarters Newburg, 30*^ July, 1782. 

The honorable the Congrefs have been plasd to pafs the folloing refolves. 

By the united States in Congrefs afsembled 
April 23^ 1782 — 

Where as the most strict acconemy in the publick Expenditures is abfoulutly 
nefseary for a vigrous prosicution of the war, and where as to that end it is requesiet 
to discontinue the practise of filling Some of the places of the Staff department with 
persons not of the line of the army, which places may with great Saving to the pub- 
lick, be filled with Supernumry officers from the line, Resolved therefore, that in 
[41] in futer there be only ten Lieutanants in each Regiment of Infantry, to be 
employed in the Regemants line and Staff, the Regimantal Paymaster to be Con- 
sidred not attached to any Company. That the Supernumary Juner Lieutanants 
beyond the number of ten in each Regiment of Infantry be reduced, unlefs the 
officers of the Regiment Shall otherwise agree as to those who Shall retire ac- 
cording to the resolutions of October 3^^ and 21^* 1780. And Shall accordingly be 
returnd on or before the i^* of June next if in the main army, and the i^* of July 
Next in the Southern army except Such of them as Shall axcept of empleyments 
in the Staff departments, with the approbation of the heads of the respective 
[42] departments in which case they shall Sevearly retain their respetive ranks in 
the line, and be intitled to the full pay and Subsistance belonging to their rank in 
the line as a compensation for their respective Servises in the Staff, with out any 
other allowances whatsover, provided always that nothing contained in the above 
refolutions Shall efect the pay or rank of any officer in Captivity, during Such Cap- 
tivity — 

In Congresfs July 11^^ 1782, Resolved that the Juner Lieutanants who were to 
retire agreeable to the act of Congrefs of the 23^ of April laft may at their option 
be retaind in the prefent pay and rank as far as there is Ensigns in their present 
Corps vacant 

[43] * The honouarable the Congrefs have been Pleased to pafs the following 
refolves 

By the United States in Congrefs afsembled Nov 20*^^ 1782 

Refolved That Commifsion ifsue on promotions properly certifyed for all 
Regimental officers intitled to fill vacancies occaioned by Seinor officers retiring 
agreable to the resolve of the 19**^ instant any resolution of Congrefs hereof to the 
Contarcy notwithflanding 

[44] *The honorable the Congrefs of the united States having been pleased to 
pafs the folloing resolves Confirming the explanation given by the Secerturty at 
war of the 4 Section of the resolve of the y^^ of Aug* last, published in the after order 
of the 30th of Ocf and making an addtion to the Number of Subaltans allowed 
by the resolve of the 7*^ of August the same is to be observed in Compleating the 
arrangment of the Cunnecut and Mafsachusetts lines. 

By the united States in Congrefs afsembled Nov*" 19*'^ 1782 

on the report of the Committe to whome was refard, the report of a Committe 
on the letter of the 30*^ of ocf from the Secetery at war [45] Resolved, That 
the Senior officers of each grade Sufficiant to form Corps agreable to the act of the 



54 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



7*h of August last (the Regiments to have their Compliment of officers as established 
in the act of the ^"^ and 20''' of October 1780 except as to the then in proposed 
Supernumeres Subaltan for receiving recrutes who Shall be omited) Shall be re- 
taind in Service for the Command of the Said Corps, and the reduced Juner officers 
of the Several grades Shall retire from immeaditate Service agreeable to the Said 
first resited act, but the Said juner officers So retiring Shall retain their rank in the 
army and be liable and intitled to be Called in to actual Service only when Regi- 
ments or Corps Shall be raised for them by their respetive States 

The diary pages are numbered consecutively, but at this point the writer reversed his book 
and wrote towards the middle, thus reversing his page numbers. 

[Inside of back Cover] 

Capt Rufus Lincoln 

Cap* Rufus Lincolns Book 
Cartags flants 

190 — 4 

June 13*^ 1782 

[67] Feby the i*'^ 1782. Received from M"" Sands twenty Pounds of bread 
twenty Pounds of beef one Quart of Salt & one Pound of Soap R. Lincoln Capt 

Mefs Account with Capt. Bates & Brimhall 
April 20*^' 82 

to two Pounds & 10*^ oz^ of Chees 2/9^ 
to three Pounds of Shugar — 2/7*^ 

To the united States in Congrefs afs 

[66] A Lift of Capt Lincolns Com^ May 4*1^ [i7]82 



Mens Names 


Present 


Absent 


Sargt Peres Simmons 


Present 




Do Samuel Tilley 




Comd VB. Point [Verplanks Point] 


Corpi Leonard Evens x 


Present 




Do Jefse Grayham x 


Do 




D"" Jabez Jolley 


Do 




Fiefer Moses Tylor 


Do 




James Willis x 


Do 




Benj'" Perry 


Do 




Sebre Simmons 


Do 




Samuel Dale 




Colo Brooks 


Noah Villas 


Do 




Edmond Cafey 




Com^ N. Winsor 


George Rofs 




Comd VB. Point 


Ebnezer Demafgue 


Do 




Elijah Bruce x 


Do 





DIARY NUMBER TWO 



55 



Mens Names 


Present 


Absent 


Owens Lovil 






Peter Nichols 






Francis P'uller 






John Muckford 






Abner Ellit 






[65] Seimeon Ricker 




Com'i B Hous (Block House) 


Japhat Wood 






Jofeph Williames 






Tho^ Spencer x 






Jofeph Bates 






John Hutchens 




Ferry Guard 


Nathan Fuller 






William Biglovv 






Shubal Baley 




Larbitary 


Joel Suckermug 






Jefse Atwood 






Benj"^ Stephens 




Taylor 


Noah Eaton 






Solomon Goodail x 






Cefer Perry 




Servt Gen^ Hand — 


Fraderick Barney 




Fortague 


Solsbury Hitchman 




Comd V.B. Point 


Prince Soward 




Serv* Maj"" Darby 


Mirick Willson 




Serv* Gen^ Glover 


Na* Johnfton x 






John Barrows 




Sick at Trintown 


Caleb Wood 




Sick Present 


John Kimbil 






James Ramond 




Prifoner War 17th Ocf 81 


Joel Lakan 






Israel Smith 


Joind 


May 27th 1782 



[64] Corpi Peter Winsor 
Ralph ODaniel 
Mofes Johnfton 
William Henderson 
Joshua Packard 



William Bracey 
William Betterley 
Cutting Bagley 
William Conn 
Henry Willson 



[63] Fcbuary ii^^ 1783. Then was married Rufus Lincoln to Lydia Sprauge 
and moved to live togeather Ocf the 14*^ 1783 

Capt. Rufus Lincoln Left the Camp at New Winsor June 15*'^ 1783 — and was 
Dismist the i^ of Nov"" 1783 

[62] Apriel 9*^ 1798 Moved from Taunton to Norton to live on a farm of George 
Leonards Efq*' 

April 2th i^gg Moved from Norton to Wareham 



$6 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 
[61] Memorandom 

£ s d 
May 4th 1784, Sold A hors to Cap* Gedon Williames for 13 — 10 — o 

s d 
May lo^'^ bought A Cow of Cap^ Rufus Barney price ;^s — 2 — o — 

May 12th bought A Cow of Nathan Britton price ^^4 — 19 — 

May 13*'^ Sold A Cow to Paul Pratt for ^4 _ 19 _ 

[60] W. Point Friday 31^* of May 1782 Was Silebrated the birth of the 

Dauphin of France our elueftrous ally., an elegant Entertanment was Provided by 
the Publick at the Colonad, Where Was" afsembled the officers of the Army, and a 
number of Gentelmen and Lades from the Country After diner the following toasts 
were drank 

i^' Long life Happinefs & Glory to the Dauphin of France 

2^ United States in Congrefs 

3^ His Most Christan Majesty 

4*^ the Queen & Royal Family of France 

c,^^ His Catholick Majesty and the friendly Powers of Europe 

6*^ Count Rochambeau & the French Army 

y^^ The American Soldiery 

8^ the Allied fleets and Count Degrafs 

9 Chevilier DLuzan 

[59] 10^^ the American Menefters at home & abroad 
1 1*^ Perputal duration to the Alliance of France and America 
1 2^^ A new edge to our Swords untill they have opne^ the way to Independance 
freedom & Glory, and then may they be Converted to infteruments of Peace 
13*'^ May the independance of America give Peace to the World 
The officers reparied to their resptive Regt^. at Sunsett at 8 oclock the Signals 
was givin for firing the fudijoy, which Comminced by firing 13*^ Cannan at the Park, 
then the runing fire through the line begining on the right the firing went through 
three times, at this time the Colanade was eluminated with 6 or 7 hundred Candels 
and a ball opned in the Colanade where the Gentelmen and Lades danced while the 
Sky Rockets were flying in the air all which made a very briliant apperance. the 
ceremony ended all in good order 

[58] The reserve for the present to consist of the 2^'^ Connecticut and 3'^ Mafs 
Brigades Commanded as above, they are to encamp when the ground will admit of 
it two hundred pases in rear of the line, The park of artillery with the corps of 
Sapers & miners (on their left) between the two brigades which Compose the re- 
feree. When the reserve for want of deppth of ground is obliged to incamp in the 
center of the line, the Park & Corps of Sapers & miners will do the Same The 
Light infantry and Sheldons legion will have no particular place afsign<^ them in the 
general order of incampment or in the order of battle, the orders of the General will 
Point theirs out accordingly 



57 



r^^^ 



^' 









58 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



I N. Hamshire Regt 



2'^ N, Hamshir Regt 



iQth Mafs Regt 



IS Mafs Regt 



7th Mafsachusetts Regt 



4*1* Mafsachufetts Regt 



2^^ Mafsachusetts Regt 



8th Mafs Regiment 



5*^^ Mafs Regiment 



3t»» Mafs Regt 



9th Mafs Regt. 



6th Mafs Regt. 






(T) cn 



td ^ 






P 



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CO 
fu o 



o n 



Pt- o 
3 



O 

>^ CO 

O- o* 



3 

aq 



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(T) 

X 

O 



O) 



3 

orq 



o 

(T) 
3 
<T> 



X 



Rhodiland Regiment 



4th Connecticut Regt. 



2th Connecticut Regt. 



3thd Connecticut Regt. 



5th Connecticut Regt 



ith Connecticut Regt 



td 



to 



^■9 



^ o 



p g 

ff 2- 



3 w 

a, g 

o '^ 

3 



O 

3 d 

& to 



o 

o 

o 

3 

Oq 

fT 



1^ 
crq 

3^ 



3 

aq 



O 

fD 
3 



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p 



2th N_ York Redment 



ith N York Regt. 



2th jerfey Regt 



ith Jerfey Regt 





^ 


oq 


"^ 


P 





ft) 


•-i 



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— o 
a- 



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P G 

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DIARY NUMBER TWO 59 

See the address to Congress from the Army, for the opening of this address, page 119. 

************** 

[55] In this exegene we apply to Congrefs four releaf as our head and Soveringe. 
To prove that our hardships are exceedingly disproportioned to them of any other 
Citizens of America, let a recurrances be had to the pay masters accompts for four 
years past, if to this it Should be objected that the respective States have made 
settelments, and given Secueritis for the pay due for part of that time, let the pre- 
sent value of those nominal obligations be afcertaind by the monied men, and they 
will be found to be worth little indeed, and yet, triffiling as they are many have been 
under the Sad nefsciety of parting with them, to prevent their famlies from actually 
Starving. We complain that Shadowes have been offered to us while the Substance 
has been gleaned by every person bearing the mark of civil authority throughout the 
united States, our Situation Compels us to Search for the cause of our [54] extream 
poverity. The Citizens murmur at the greatnefs of their taxes, and are astonished 
that no part reaches the army 

The numerous demands which are between the first Collecters and the Soldery 
SwoUows up the whole. 

our distrefses are now brought to a point, we have boarn all that men can bear, 
our property is expended our privat recourses are at an End and our friends are 
wearied out disgusted with our incefsent applycations. We therefore most Seriously 
and earnistly urge that a Supply of money be forwared to the army as Soon as 
pofsiable. 

The uneasinefs of the Solders for want of pay is great and dangirous any 
further expiriments on their paitance may have fatal effects. 

The promised Subfistance or rations of [53] provisions consisting of certain arti- 
cales Spesified in kind and Quantity. 

This Ration with out regard that we can concieve to the health of the Troops 
has been frequently altered, as nefscisty or conveainecy Suggested, generally losing 
by the change Some part of its Substance on an evrage not more then Seven or 
Eight tenths have been ifsued. 

The retaind parts were for a Short time paid for, but the buisnefs became 
troublesome to those who were to exeute it. 

For this or Some other reason all regard to those dues, as they respected the 
Solders, has been difcontinued, now and then a triffling gratutety excepted, as 
those dues respected the officers, they were Compensated during one year and part 
of another, by [52] by an extra ration, as to the retained ration the account for Sev- 
eral years remains unsettled there is a large balance due upon it, and a considerable 
Sum on that of forage. The cloathing was another part of the Solders hire, the arrear- 
eages on that Score for the year 1777 were paid off in Continantal money, when the 
Dollar was worth about four pence 

The arearagers for the following years are unliquiatied, and we apprehend 
Scarcely thought of but by the armys 

When ever there has been a real want of meanes any defect in Systimes or 
neglet in excution, in the depatments of the army, we have invariably been the 
Sufferes, by hunger and nakednefs by exxefsive and unseasonable labor and by 
languishment in an hospitall. 



6o PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[51] We beg leave to urge an immediate adjustment of all dues. That as great 
a part as pofsible be paid, and the remander put on Such a footing, as will restore 
chearfullnefs to the army Revive confidence in the Justis and Generosity of its con- 
stituents, and contribute to the very defirable effect of re-estableshing publick Credit, 

We are grived to find that our brethren who retired from Service on half pay 
under the relusiton of Congrefs in 1780, are not only distitute of any affeuctal pro- 
visions but are become the objects of obloquy. 

There condition has a very discorigin aspect on us, who must Sooner or later 
retire and from considerations of Justis gratitude and pollicey demand attention 
and redrefs. 

We regard the act of Congrefs respecting half pay as an honorable and Just 
recompence [50] for Several years hard Service ; in which the health and fortuans 
of the officers have been worn down and ewxaufted, we fee, with Chagrin the odious 
point of vew in which the Citizens of too many of the States endever to place the 
men intittled to it, we hope for the honour of human nature that there are none 
so hardined in the Sin of ingratude as to deny the Justise of the reward. We have 
reafon to belive that the objection generaly is aginst the mode only. To prevent 
therefore any altercations and distenctions which may tend to injure that harmony 
which we ardintly desire may reign throughout the community, we are willing on 
our parts, to Commit the half pay pledges for full pay for a certain number of years 
or for a Sum [49] in grofs, as Shall be agreed to by the Committe Sent with this 
adrefs. 

In this we pray that the Solders who were the Subject of the Resolves of Con- 
grefs of may be fully Comperhended. 

To the representations now made the army has not a doght that Congrefs will 
pay all that attention, which the Serious nature of it requires. It would be criminal 
in the officers to conseal the general dessfaction which prevails, and is goning ground 
in the army from the presure of evils and Injuries, which in the course of Seven 
long years have made their Situation in many instances wretched. 

[48] They therefore in treet that to obeiate any ill consequences which may arise 
from a dependance on the futer forbarance of the army, to Convince the Soldrey 
and the World, that the independence of America Shall not be placed on the ruins 
of any particular clafs of citizens, Some mode may be pointed out for immediate 
Relief e. 

[47] the 66 him in the 2 Book 

1 There is a land of pure delight, 
Where Saints immortal Reign 
Infinite day excludes the night 
and pleasure Banish pain 

2 There everlasting Spring abides 
and never withring flow'rs : 
Death like a narrow Sea, divides 
This heav'nly land from ours. 



DIARY NUMBER TWO 6i 

3 Sweet fields beyond the Swelling flood, 
Stand drest in living green : 

So to the Jews old Canaan Stood 
While Jordan Roll'd between 

4 But timrous mortals Start and Shrink 
to crofs this narrow Sea, 

and linger, Shivring on the brink ; 
thro' fear to launch away, 

5 oh ! could we make our doubts remove, 
these gloomy doubts that rise 

[46] and See the canaan which we love. 

With unbeclouded eyes. 

6 could we but clime where Mofes Stood, 
and vew the landship o'er ; 

not Jordans Streams, nor death's cold flood. 
Should fright us from the Shore 

[Copied by] Rufus Lincoln 



BOOK THREE 



This is another home-made book similar to Number One, size of pages 6J by 8| inches. It was 
evidently written to pass away the time while a prisoner of war at Flatlands, as it consists entirely 
of extracts copied from the Bible, Milton, The Spectator, Gazetteers, etc. 

This paper bears the Crown watermark. 



DIARY NUMBER THREE 

To Captain H— D of the 65th Regiment 

Say mufe divine, Can hoftile Scenes delight 
the warriors bofom in the fields of fight : 
Lo here the Chriftian and the hero join 
With mutual grace to form the man divine 
in H — D See with pleafure and Suprife, 
Where valour kindles, and where virtue lies : 
Go, hero brave. Still grace the port of fame 
And add new glories to thine honour'd name ; 
Still to the field, and Still to virtue true 
Britannia glories in no Son like you. 



BOOK FOUR 



This is also a home-made book, sheets 7^ by 9 inches in size, sewed together at the back, 

The first pages of this book are missing, how many I have no means of knowing, and after con- 
siderable research, without result, to supply the missing parts, I was recommended to write to the 
Department of State, Washington, D. C, where the original Washington papers and letters are on 
file, and among them those relating to the Exchange of Prisoners. To add value to the part Rufus 
Lincoln has copied in his book, I give the missing pages in the order given to me by the Depart- 
ment. 

They have made some corrections in the text, which are inserted to make the matter clearer. 

The exchange account does not appear in Rufus Lincoln's papers, and a letter given by Rufus 
Lincoln, from Colonel MaGaw, and others, to General Washington, is not among the original 
papers, but it bears evidence of genuineness in relation to the matter. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 

RELATING TO THE EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS 

[Supplied by the Department of State, Washington, D. C, to complete the Record of Rufus 

Lincoln.] 

GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. 

Headquarters Morris Town Jan 4, 1780 
Sir, 

The following Gentlemen, Colonels Magaw, Matthews, Eli, & Lieut. Col" Ramsay 
have been permitted to come out of New York on parole, with some new propositions 
for an Exchange of Prisoners. The result of a conference between Maj'' Gen^ 
Phillips, and themselves, those they will have the honor of submitting to Congrefs, 
as I do not conceive myself authorised to take any steps in the business without 
their orders. 

I cannot fix the precise operation which the proposed plan would have, but from 
such calculations as I have been able to make on the subject from a comparative 
view of the propositions and the general state of the Convention troops, officers and 
men, and the other officers prisoners on both sides, we should have to give the 
Enemy for the Exchange of ours in this Quarter for whom we admit ourselves 
accountable, Three Colonels, Eight Lieut. Cols, Five Majors, Thirty one Captains, 
Forty Eight first Lieutenants Twenty Seven Second Lieutenants & Ensigns and 
Twenty Staff, which are all the officers prisoners of war that we have, & One Maj'' 
General, One Brigadier, one Lieutenant Colonel, Two Majors, Seventeen Captains 
Thirty Seven first Lieutenants, Eleven Second Lieutenants & Ensigns, Twenty 
Regimental Staff and about Seven or Eight hundred men, Non commissioned 
officers and privates of the Convention troops, which seem to be a full calculation. 
Colonell Magaw & the other gentlemen with him hope from the Conference they 
had with General Phillips, & j- ideas which he expressed of forming the first division 
of the Convention troops out of the broken Corps, that the number of privates would 
be less, as the officers attached to those Corps exceed the number they would have 
on a general scale of proposition. If this should be the case, it will be [so] much [the] 
better. In the estimate of Colonels, Prisoners, Lieut Governor Hamilton & a Colo- 
nel Alligood are included : Doctor Connelly is also in the List of Lieut. Colonels. I 
do not know the State of Southern Prisoners & therefore can form no accurate 
judgment what difference their being included may make : but I should conjecture 
it is against us, and would add four or five hundred privates to what the Enemy 
would have to receive. It is an unlucky circumstance that we are so much in the 
dark about their situation and the agreements that may have been entered into con- 



70 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

cerning them by the Commanders in that Quarter. If we were in possession of these 
facts, the propriety of including or not including them in the proposed exchange 
might be better determined. The relief of the Militia Officers not taken in Arms 
ought if practicable to be a consequence of Exchange, but I should think it best to 
avoid the relation established between them and Gen^ Burgoyne in the 9*^ Proposition, 
especially as several officers are to be released on parole by the 3^ Proposition, with- 
out any immediate equivalent. As I understand from the Gentlemen that wait on 
Congress, the exchange of the Militia Officers not taken in Arms, will not be made 
a point by the Enemy, so as to prevent the release of our other officers without them : 
but they will not admit them to parole, without some specific equivalents, being left 
in their hands, or at least some engagements on the part of the Public, for ensuring 
their return to captivity whenever they are called. 

The present proposals on the part of the Enemy are more reasonable than any 
they have offered before, and I should hope that they may be improved' into an 
agreement that will give the desired relief. I have taken the liberty to offer these 
remarks and shall be ready to execute whatever Congress may be pleased to direct, 
and as they will be fully possessed of the propositions, I shall be happy that any 
instructions they may think proper to honor me with, may be as particular as pos- 
sible in delineating the objects they have in view. 

I would farther beg leave to suggest that if Congress approve the propositions, 
I think it will be adviseable for them to request the several States to give up all the 
Officers they have or claim as their Prisoners, for the purpose of facilitating the 
exchange of ours — And as it would be the means of lessening the number of Pri- 
vates the Enemy would otherwise receive. If the states consent to it, the names & 
rank of the officers & the places they are at cannot be too soon communicated to 
me. Indeed I regret as I ever have, that there should be any State prisoners of war. 
The system has been productive at least of great inconveniencies and discontents. 
I dont know how it it first obtained but I am certain if it is practicable, that it can- 
not be too soon abolished. 

The indulgence which Col^ Magaw, Matthews, Eli & Ramsay have received is 
limited to a few days. This consideration as well as the importance of the business 
on which they are, will I am convinced give them the early attention of Congress, 

I have the honor to be with the 

greatest respect your Excellency's 
His Excellency Most obed* Servant 

Saml Huntington Esq. &c. G^ Wafhington ^ 

1 PROPOSALS FOR AN EXCRE OF PRISONERS 

It is presumed proposals for an exchange may be opened for to be finally agreed upon by the two Com- 
manders in Chief of the British & American armies under reciprocal terms and mutual faith of equity, equal 
advantage and honor. — 

First To exchange in the first instance officers prisoners of war rank for rank, but should officers of simi- 
lar rank not apply the exchanges to be made in dissimilar ranks, according to a valuation as may be here- 
after agreed to. Private Soldiers prisoners of war to be exchanged against private soldiers prisoners of war 
in the same manner. 

Secondly — To exchange in the second instance the troops of Convention, officers & privates by corps, 
alternately as may be fixed upon by lot, or otherwise between the Commanders in Chief, of the respective 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 71 

[Here follows Rufus Lincoln's copy.] 

[1] This indulgance of parole to be Extanded generally to Such officers of 
both the Britifh and American Armies as may hereafter be made prifon- 
ers of War and it is to be hoped that Exchanges upon the plan now pro- 
pofed may Conftantly take place and as Immediately as Circumftances 
will alow but Shoul"^ any Difficulties arise on any futer propofals of Ex- 
change and that the Exchange be Rejected by either Partys the officers 
So on parole be liable to be Called in to Captivity at the order of the 
Britifli or American Commanders in Cheif provided that the Comanders 
in Cheif So Calling Shall be prepared at the Same time actually to deliver 
up Such officers belonging to his Army as had been permited to go on 
their parole except Such as may be in Europe which Necefsarily Requir- 
ing Som time for their Recall an equal number of equal Rank to be Suffered 
to Remain on parole untill the arival of Such officers from Europe — 

[2] A TARIFF OR VALUATION TO BE FRAMED 
[Continuation of Note i, folio 64.] 

Thirdly — That upon such exchanges being agreed to shou'd a ballance in American officers prisoners 
of war remain on the part of the British, such officers to have liberty to reside with their friends upon parole 
until exchanged, but supposing the ballance to be against the British, & that the troops of Convention 
or others should not all be exchanged that, after leaving a certain number of officers, as may be directed by 
the British Comman' in Chief, with the remaining corps, the rest to have liberty, to go & reside with their 
friends in Europe or otherwise until exchanged, and such officers so to be left may at the option of the Brit- 
ish Commander in Chief, be relieved from time to time by an equal number of officers of similar ranks. 

Fourthly For officers againft privats by which the Eftimate of officers againft offi- 
cers of Defsimiler Rank will be Settleted and it is apperhended it may 
not be an Imroper method to do this by oppofmg a Certain number of 
privats againft Serjants and the loweft Rank of officers viz Enfigns or 
Second Lieutenants and So on to the Higeft Rank. 

Fiftly That Should it fortuatnly happen that an Exchange Takes place Such 
part of the troops of Conventin as Comith within it to be marched Imme- 
ditally to Elizabeth Town by the mofl Convenient Route or to Such other 
place as the Two Commanders in Cheif may appoint There to be met 
by an Equality of American prifoners of War and the Exchange to take 
place Directly upon the mutal faith and honour of the two Commanders 
in Cheif, 

Sixtly That all officers prifoners of War on both Sides be Exhanged accord- 
ing to the Rank they [3] they held when taken and the officers of the 
troops of Convention according to the Ranks they held at the Treaty of 
Saratoga. 

Armies according to a valuation of privates against officers as may hereafter be agreed to, that is to say, 
American officers for British & German officers of equal ranks as far as they will apply, corp by corp 
and then their dissimilar ranks [according to a Tariff to be settled for that purpose the exchange of privates 
of such corps to be settled in the same manner]. 

( Robert MaGaw Col> ) 

W. Phillip Maj Gen' J Geo Mathews Col' C Nat" Ramsay Lt. Col. 

( John Eli Col' ) 



72 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Sevethly That the American officers prifoners of War Taken by the Britilh forces 
in Georgia and South CaroHna be Suffired to go on parole after being 
muftired and Certifyed to by a Britifh officer or Commifery and the Prin- 
cipale American officer Prifoner of War there ; That Such officers be 
Immeditaly Exchanged for Britifli and German officers which have been 
made prifoners of War in thofe parts the American [private] Solders 
prifoners of War to be Exchanged as far as they apply againft privites of 
the Britifh army made prifoners in thofe parts in the Same manner the 
Remaining American privats Solders Prifoners of War to be Exchanged 
againft Such privits Solders prifoners of War of the Britifh Army as may 
be in other parts of america and the Remaining officers to be Exchanged 
againft [4] againft Britifti officers prifoners of War Should there be any 
left in other parts of America to apply and then finally againft an equal 
number of troops of Convention according to the terms mentioned in the 
forgoing article and as Suffiring the american officers made prifoners of 
War in thofe parts to go to their families on parole proceeds from Liberal 
motives and an unwillingnefs to order them to this part of America ; it 
is to be expectc^ that no delay be made in the final exchange of them 
againft the troops of Convention to prevent which it is propofed that Gen- 
eral Wafhington Should Send Such powers to the American officers there 
as may Render the muftering the officers abfolute and on the Certificats 
and Recepts of American officers Prifoners of War who have thus been 
Suffered to go on parole be-ing Sent to the american Commanding officer 
at Alamaral [Albermarle] Barricks in Verginia that officer Shall be im- 
poured to Direct an Exchange of a proportionate number [5] Number of 
the troops of Convention who will Immeditally march according to the 
Route and manner already drectead to New York To Effect this move. 
Certaingly an officer of the troops of Convention might go from Verginia 
to Georgia and Return with the proper Certificats Should their by acce- 
dident hapen any miftake in Such Certificates they are to be Certified So 
Soon as Difcovered : 

Eightly That on thofe Exchanges ; agreed to by the two Cumanders in Cheif and 
then Taking place Major General Refdesel [Reidesel] to be Exchanged with 
the firft Divfifion of the troops of Convention Major General Philips at 
the head of the Second divifion then Lieutenant General Burgoyne and 
after him the third Divifion by this it is to be obferved that the troops of 
Convention are to be formed into three divifions for Exchange not mean- 
ing however to Stope the progrefs of Exchange but to allow of the Divi- 
fions being Exchanged in Parts as numbers will apply. 

Ninthly Rather then Defeat So humean a purpofe as that now in Contemplation it 
is to [be] wiffied that [6] a Difcurfion Conferning the Exchange of officers 
of Militia not taken in arms and the troops taken at the Ceders may be 
put of for the prefent : That the officers of Militia not taken in armes 
have the Same bennifit of Parole with that of Lieutenant General Bur- 
goyne. 



1044 


Privats 


372 




200 




lOO 




72 




28 




16 




- 6 




4 




2 




I 





DIARY NUMBER FOUR 73 

The following Tariff it is Immagined may be adopted by the Commanders in 
Cheif of the Britifh and American armies it having been Caluclated with every 
attention to mutual advantage Equity & honor 

Propofed Tariff. 

Lieutenant General — — — — 

Major General — — — — 

Brigader General 
Colonel 

Lieutenant Colonel — — — 

Major _ _ _ — — 

Captain — — — — 

Firft Lieutenant — — — 

Second Lieutenants and Enfigns — — 

Serjents 

Corporals Drumers fifers Privats Solders & Volunters 
[7] Adjutants and Quarter-Mafters to Regiments to be Exchanged as firft Lieuten- 
ants Suppofmg they have no other Commifsun &c otherwife by the Commifion 
they bare in their Refpective Corps — 

Surgions to Regiments and Corps — — 6 Privats 

Mate to ditto — — — — 4 " 

Chapilains to be alway given up on both Sids with out Exchange. Staff of the armies 
Comperhending Adgjutants and Quarter Mafters Generals with their Deputes and 
afsiftants Aids-De-Camps and Majors of Brigades to be Exchanged according to the 
Rank they hold in the army — 

Surgions of the general Hofpitals to be Exchanged as Captains 16 Privats 

Deputy Comefery Generals to be Exchanged as Captains 16 " 

Deputy pay Masfters Generals to be Exchanged as Capt 16 " 

Their Deutys & afsiftants to be Exchanged as firft Lieu* 6 " 

T17-1T -n-u-ir T\/r • r- i Robcrt Magaw Col 

William Phillips Major General ^ ,^ ° _ , 

George Mathews Col'* 

John Ely Col^ 

Nathi Ramfy Lt. CoL 



74 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[8] A General State of Britifh and American Prifoners December 29*^ i779 





General 
officers 


Field officers 


Company 
officers 


Staff 


Total 




u 
<u 
C 




(A 

c 



l-l 




c 



pq 


U 


c 

'0 
U 

:4 


c 

u 


C/3 



C 
C 

(L) 


'cfl 

C 

W 


5e 
o5 

C/5 


H 


Privats & officers 
Servents 


Prif oners of war to the 
States 


- 


- 


- 


I 


8 


5 


31 


48 

I 12 


27 


20 


140 


1283 


Do Convention 


I 


2 


3 
3 


- 


3 


6 


51 


33 


62 


273 
272 


2772 


American Prifoners to 
the British 


- 


- 


12 


7 


8 


40 


136 


43 


13 
956 


100 


Total Amouent 


I 





6 


13 


18 


19 


1222 


296 


103 


685 


4155 



Note Colonels Thomas & Coats Citizens ) not Included in the above 
Colonel Hendrcck Exchanged j account. 

Lieu' Colonel Reonld Exchanged ) 

Green Difputed by the eneni)^ ) not included in the above 

Majors Wright & Hodgson Cityzens "^ 

Major Giles Counted with the Captains ) not included in the above 



The General State of American & British Prisoners — as per List with the papers 

at the Dept. of State. 

Prisoners with the Enemy — 



(i Dept) 



3 Brigadiers 


@ 


200 


600 


12 Colonels 


^^ 


100 


I2<X> 


7 Lieutenant Colonels 


@ 


72 


504 


8 Majors 


@ 


28 


224 


40 Captains 


@ 


16 


640 


136 Lieutenants 


@ 


5 


680 


43 Lieutenants & Ensigns 


@ 


4 


172 
4020 


13 Staff 


@ 


5 


65 



4085 





DIARY 


NUMBER FOUR 










Cr. 










I Colonel 






@ 


100 




100 


8 Lieute* Colonels 




@ 


72 




576 


5 Majors 






@ 


28 




140 


31 Captains 






® 


16 




496 


48 Lieutenants ^ 




@ 


6 


192 






/3 




at 


4 _ 


64 


256 


27 Ensigns 






@ 


4 




108 


20 do. 






@ 


6 




120 






[n Virginia 








2 Colonels 












200 


2 Majors 












56 


2 Captains 












32 


4 Lieutenants &c 










20 



75 



Convention Officers &c Cr. 



I Major General 
Family 

1 Major 
12 Captains 

Balance bro* up 
21 Lieutenants 
7 2^ do 

2 Surgeons 

3 Mates 

56 Sargeants 
454 Privates 



Maj Geni Phillips 

Capt. Valcony 
Copy 



Family 



372 

34 
16 



126 
27 
12 
12 

112 

454 
422 



372 
28 
28 

192 



Dr. 

4085 



2724 



1361 



1165 



196 



New York 2o*'> Dec'' 1779 
[9] Sir 

I had the honour to Report to you Sir My having Received a letter from the 
American Colonel Mathews exprefsing a defire of having a Convefation with me 
Rcfpecting Exchanges and giving as his oppinion that So human a Purpofe might 
be attained upon terms of Equal advantage to both the Britifh and American Armies. 
Having Received your Excellencys permifion to Converce with Colonel Mathews 
or any other American officer, I have to inform you Sir, that I have had frequent 



76 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Meetings with Sevral of thofe Gentlemen Prifoners of war, and the Refult has been 
our prefuming to Commit to writing Some Propofals towards a General Exchange 
in which the Prifoners of war on both Sids and the troops of Convention are 
Included. 

We have attenped to do this on the moft Liberal Principals & have Indeaveured 
by all pofsibale meanes to put away every Exceptionable matter which might Great 
delay or Set afide the oporation of a Bufsinefs in which Humanity is So materily 
Connected, 

We have taken the Liberty to draw up Some Memorandums to Serve as a bafis 
for a Negotiation and we have been So Imprefsed with the Rectitude of our way of 
thinking on the occafion that we have ventured to Sign our names to the paper : 
Meaning to have it Prefented on my [10] my Part to your Excelency and on theirs 
to General Wafhington. Meaning also that the Completion of So fortunate and 
happy a Purpose may be Concluded between your Excelency and General Wafliing- 
ton by each of you Granting Power to an officer or officers from the Britifh and 
American armies to meet and Settle finally the matter So that a General Exchange 
may Immeditally follow — Should you Sir favourably Received the Papers I have the 
honor to prefent you I am to Requeft as a Part of this Tranfation that your Exelency 
will Permit four American officers Prifoners of War Viz : Col° Mathews Col° Magaw 
L* Col° Ramfey & Col° Ely to go to General Wafliington to make on their Part this 
Propofal for a General Exchange they Signing a parole to Return to New York on 
the twenty Eight day from their Seting out from hence : they Suppofing it may 
Require that time to Settle a Buifnefs of Such Serious Confequences they meaning 
to Return Sooner if Pofible : 

I Take leave to offer myfelf Still further in the Profecution of this matter and 
not Conceveing it at all derogatory to my Situation or Parole, will with great Plea- 
fure Should your Excelency So aprove become one of the officers on the part of the 
Britifh to meet in Commfsion thofe American officers whome General Wafhington 
Shall [11] Shall Send on his part. I cannot help permiting my Self to exfprefs the 
Sattiffation I feel at having been thus far Inftremental to what I am Shure has been 
ever a princible object with your Excelency and if I Should under your Excelencys 
orders be able to Compleat this humain purpofse I Shall effeem it among the moft 
forunate events of my life. It will Compenfate for the Miffortunes I have Suffored 
and Render me Compleatly happy. I have the honour to be Sir with the 

Higheft Refpect your Excelencys 
obedient and moft humble Serv^ 

his Excelency j (Signed) William Phillips 

Sir Henry Clinton ) 

Newvork, 24"" Dec' 1779 
Sir 

As I Confented to your Converfing with Gentlemen from amongeft the American 
Prifoners of War on the very Interesting Subject of an Exchange of Prisfeners So I 
now give you my approbation of your Procedings and my Thanks for the earneft- 
nefs of your labours in this Businefs. I obferved that with Steady attention to our 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 11 

purpofe you have with temper and Liberallity Set afide every Subject of Litegation 
which might obflruct the defirable Relief from Captivity we have in vew. 

The ground work of a Cartel with which you [12] you Prefented me I have 
Perufed and Deriving from its apperance of Equity a hope of its being Compleated 
Give my freeft confent to thofe Gentehnen whom you named departing upon their 
Parole to Return in twenty Eight Days. You have Prevented my wiflies in ofBr- 
ing yourfelf as a Commifsioner Should a Negotiation take place. 

And I axcept your Service thinking with you that it will incur nothing deroga- 
ton to your Situation nor Parole. — I have the honour to be Sir your moft obedeint 
and moft humble Serv* 
Major General Phillips H. Clinton 

I attefl upon my honor'' this to be a true Copy from the origenal Letter from 
his Exceleny General Sir Henry Clinton to me which I have this day Received 

New York 24*^^ Deer 1779 
William Phillips Major General 

NewYork Dec' 25"" 1779 
Gentlemen 

It is with great Satiffation that I have delivered to you his Excelency General 
Sir Henry Clintons Permifsion for your going out to General Wafliington upon the 
Humane Purpofe which Caries you there well on every event do Credite to your 
feelings as men [13] men & as officers — I Cannot help Suppofmg that your Negotia- 
tion will meet weth Suckfeefs and as the propofals for an Exchange are founded 
upon So Large a Bias I apprehend the Superftructure may very easely be Complated 
and If I am to be Connected with the futer Proceedings you may Depend I will 
Exert every endever for an attainment in which I am Concerned with So many Suf- 
ferings Prifoners I am Convnced that General Wafhington will view our Tranfactions 
in the Clear and fair light it merits and I am Perfuaded your Congrefs will alfo See 
this matter as you Gentlemen will offer it to them — To observe upon this propofed 
Exchange Politically Surely the Great Conteft between Great Britian and America 
will Scarcely feel the event Excepting in the Inftance of Humanity & Liberality 
which this Bufmefs if it Succeeds will Produce — I Need not obferve Militarily upon 
it as General Wafhingtons Knowledge of the Subject and his good Scence will Give 
it its true explantion. The Prifoners of war are out of the Queftion in any argua- 
ment and the two Divifions Propofed to be Exchanged of the troops of Convention 
taken in the fulleft Idea, will give us very few Priveates and of thofe many of them 
will be to be Difcharged from the Service, and above two [14] Two thirds if not all 
the Reft Sent at the opening of the Spring to Canada. I am Shure it is unnefsary 
to Expatiate Particularly upon the Sad alternative Suppofmg this matter brakes off. 
You will Immediately Perceive Reflecting upon it that it muft be attended with a 
Recall in to Capitivity of all the American Prifoners of war, and moft Probably a 
General afsembely of them from Every Part of America on Long Ifland. this will 
in Course be followed by my Returning with Major General De Reidhefel to the 
troops of Convention and you muft be Convinced with me that the Prefent Prifoners 



78 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

of War or otherwife of both Partys as well as thofe who may be made So in futere 
will become wretched Deuring the Continuance of the Prefent unhappy war — I 
Cannot help teftifing evein in this Letter the Refpect in which I hold the Con- 
duct of his Majesties Commander in Cheif in American who has again moft Gener- 
oufly offered himfelf willing to Join with General Wafhington in a Plan for a General 
Exchange. Should it fail I am Perfuaded you will agree with me that it will be 
Scarcely Pofible to Renew again any Propofels of terms and I am free to Declare 
to you Gentelmen that for my Self I had Rather perish in the wilds of Virginia then 
becom a Party to any Indignety which might arise upon Such an occafion and in 
Giveing [15] thefe my Sentiments I Know I Shall be Joined by every officer and 
Solder in the Kings Service Prifoner of War and troops of Convention I Cannot 
Clofe this Letter without acknowledging the fairmnefs of your Proceeding with me 
on this Intresting Occafion and how much you have Perfued with a Steady adhere- 
ance to your Cause the Dictates of humanity & Liberal minds. I am Gentlemen with 
Great Perfonal attention your molt 

Con^s Magaw & Mathews ) Obedient Humble Servt & 

L* Cols Ramfey & Ely i William Phillips 

Morris Town Dec 27"' 1779^ 
Sir. 

We wait on your Excelency by Permifsion of General Sir Henery Clinton Com- 
mander of the Britifh Army in New York with Propofals for Exchange of Prifoners 
the Propositions took their Rise from an interview Between Major General Phillips 
and Colo Mathews at Lancafter. their Prefent form is the Refult of Sevral Con- 
forances Between us and that officer in New York — We are Supported by our 
Brother officers Prifoners of War in the oppinion that they are founded on Prin- 
ciples of Equallity and mutual Advantage, — Should your Excelency view them in 
a Different Point of Light we will Cheerfully [16] Cheerfully acquiesce & and Beg 
Leave to afsure your Excelency that Neither we nor they defire to be Liberated 
on other Terms, and that we would Rather Continue in Painfull Captivity then 
Defire a meafure Should be adapted Injurious to the Intereft of our Countery. 
we have the honor to be &C — 

his Excelency Robert Maygaw George Mathews 

Gen^ Wafhington John Ely Nath^ Ramfey 

Head Quarters Morris Town Feby i'" 1780 
Gentlemen 

By the Letter you ware So obliging as to bring me from Congrefs yefterday I 
find they have been Plefed to authorise me to Negotiate a Cartel for Exchange of 
Prifoners in Confequence of this Authority I Shall be Ready to appoint Com- 
mifions to meet others from the Britifh Commander in Cheif at any time and Place 
that may be thought Convenent for the adjuftment of So Important and Difirable 
a wark: This you will be Pleafed to Communicate to Major General Phillips and 

1 This letter is missing from the original Papers of General Washington, on file at the Department of 
State, Washington. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 79 

I would willingly hope that the Propofals Concerted Between him and you which 
So far as they go are Generaly upon Juft [17] Juft and Liberal Principales may 
be Improved into an agreement that will be attended with Mutual and Perminate 
advantage — I have the honour to be with great Regrtte & Efteem 

Gentlmen Your Moft obet 
Humble Servt 



To Colos Magaw & Mathews 
L* Colo" Ely & Ramfey 



G : Wafhngton 



My God thy Service well Demand 
The Remnant of my Days : 
Why was the fleeting Breath renew'd 
But to Renew thy Praife ? 

2 
Thine arms of everlafting Love 
Did this weak forme Suftain ; 
When Life in Purple Torrents flow'd 
From every Sinking Vein. 

3 

Thou when the Pains of Death were felt, 
Did'ft Chafe the fears of of hell : 
And teach me with my quivring Lips, 
Thy matchlefs Grace to tell. 

^ General Washington to Colonels Magaw, Mathews, Ely & Ramsay in somewhat different form than 
that given by Rufus Lincoln (from Department of State) : — 

Head Quarters Morris Town 
January 19 — 1780, 
Gentlemen. 

By the Letter you were so obliging as to bring me from Congress yesterday — I find they have been 
pleased to renew the powers given me by their Act of the 5"" of March last, respecting the Exchange of Pris- 
oners. I am happy to inform you that after full consideration of the proposals concerted between Maj 
Gen' Phillips and Yourselves, they appear to me generally, just «&: liberal — such as I flatter myself may easily 
be improved into an agreement that will give the desired relief. It were to be wished that they had compre- 
hended a settlement of Accounts, a point to which my instructions relate, and which will make a previous 
part to the business. 

On this footing, which You will be pleased to communicate to Maj. Gen' Phillips, I shall be ready to 
appoint Commissioners at any time & place which may be thought convenient for ?. final adjustment of the 
affair. 

The Board of Treasury in the mean time will find Persons properly authorised to enter into the proposed 
settlement of accounts, and to receive the Ballance that may be due. 

I have the honor to be with great respect 
& esteem Gentlemen 

Your most ob« servant 
G. W. 
Cols Magaw, Mathews, Eli 

& Lieut Col" Ramsay. 



8o PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[18] 4 

Calmly I bow'd my fainting Head 
On thy dear faithful Breaft : 
Pleas'd to obey my father's Call 
To his eternal Reft. 

5 
Into thy Hands, my Saviour God, 
Did I my Soul refign : 
In firm Dependance on that Truth 
That made Salvation mine 

6 
Back from the Borders of the Grave, 
At thy Command I Come : 
Nor would I urge a Speedier flight 
To my Celeftial Home, 

7 
Where thou determined'ft my abode, 
There would I Choofe to be : 
for in thy Prefence Death is Life, 
And Earth is Heaven with the. 



[19] 



In Gods own Houfe for me to play, 
While Chriftans meet to hear and Pray 
is to Profane his holy Place, 
And tempt th' Almighty to his face 



When angels bow before the Lord, 
And Deviles tremble at his word : 
Shall I, a Sinful mortal dare 
To mock, and Sport, and trifle there ; 

3 
His Wrath might Strik my guilty Head 
his fire from heav'n might lay me dead 
And Send my Carelefs Soul to dwell 
Amidft the Gloomy flames of Hell. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 8i 

4 
When Death the King of fears Shall Come 
To Call me to my lateft home ; 
The thoughts of Such a Shameful Part, 
With bitter Pain may Pierce my Heart. 

5 
Great God Compaffionate and mild 
forgive the follies of a Child ; 
Teach me to Pray, and mind thy word 
That I may learn to Serve the Lord. 

Copied at Flat land Apriel 27*^^ 1780 by Rufus Lincoln 



[20] On Friendlhip 

The worl my Dear Comrade is full of deceit 
and friendfliip a Jewell we Seldom Can meet 
how Strange does it Seem that in Sarching around 
this Sorce of Content is So Rair to be found 
O friendfhip thou balm, and Rich Sweetner of life 
kind Parent of eafe and Compofer of Strife 
without the Alafs what are Riches and Power 
but emty Delutions, the Joys of an Hour, 
how much to be Prifed and efteemed is a friend 
on whome we may always with Safty Depend 
our Joys when Extended will always increafe 
and Greif when Devided is Hufh'd into Peace 
when fortune is Smiling what Crowds will apear 
their kindnefs to offer and friendfliip Sincere 
yet Change but the Profpect and point out Diflref 
no longer to Court you they Egarly Prefs — 

Copied at Long Ifland Flat land May g^^ 1780 by Rufus Lincoln 



82 PAPERS OF CAPTAIxM RUFUS LINCOLN 

Bo* of And^^ Van Tuyl. 

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[22] 



Boston November 22th 
We hear from Woodftock in Windham County that Mrs : Dorcas Sanger, about 84 
years of age lately walked about two miles, hand in hand with her Daughter, grand 
daughter. Great grand Daughter and great Great Grand Daughter, five Genrations 
the Said Daughter was the mother of 19 Children before She Saw 40 years. 



Swift Says He Should be Sorry to See the legiflatures make any more laws 
againft Duelling, for if Villans and Rafkls will despatch one another, it is for the good 
of the Community. But the Miffortuin is they will not difpatch one another, but 
this Principle of fear, and the diftance at which he Stand, prevents any Shot being 
efectual. 



[23] A Letter from Gen^ Burgoyne 

Sir 

Major General Reidfel has Requfi:ed me to tranfmit the Inclofed to L* Col° 
Baun whom the fortune of war put into the hands of your troops at Benington Hav- 
ing never failed in my attention toward prifoners, I Cannot entertain a doubt of your 
taking this oppertunity to Shew me a Return of Civility and that you will permit 
the baggage and Servants of Such officers your Prifoners as defire it to pafs to them 
Unmolefted. It is with great Concern I find my Self obliged to add too this appli- 
cation a Complaint of the bad treatment the Provincial Soldiers in the Kings Service 
after the affair at Benington I have Reports upon oath that Some were Refufed 
quarters after having afked it I am willing to believe this was againft the order and 
inclination of your officers but it is my part to Require an Explanation and to warn 
you of the borrows of Retalliation if Such a practice is not in the Strongefl terms 
Difcountanced and Reprehended. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 83 

Duty and principle Sir make me a publick enemy to the Americans who have 
taken up arms ; but I Seek to be a Generous one nor have I the Shadow of Refent- 
ment againft any individual who does not enduce it by acts daragatory to thofe 
maxims upon which [24] which all men of honour think alike 

Perfuaded that a Gentleman of the Station to which this letter is addrefsd will 
not be Comprized in the exception I have made, 

I am personally Sir your humble Servant 

J. Burgoyn 

The anfwer from Gen^ Gates 
Sir. 

Laft night I had the honour to Receive your Excelencys letter of the 10^^ In- 
ftant. I am aftonifhed you Should mention inhumanity or threaten RetaHation 
Nothing hapned in the action at Benington but what is Common when works are 
Carred by Afsualt. 

That the Savages of America Should in their warfair mangle and Scalp the un- 
happy prifoners who fall into their hands : is nothing new or extreeordinay But that 
the famious Lieutenant General Burgoyne in whome the fine Gentelman is united with 
the Solder and the Scholar Should hire the Savages of America to Scalp Europans 
and the decendants : of Europans : Nay more that he Should pay a price for each 
Scalp So Barbourfly taken is more then will be believed in Europe untill authen- 
ticated facts Shall in Every gazett Confirm the truth of the horrid tale. 

Mrs McKea a young lady lovely to the Sight, of virtuorous Character and ami- 
bale Difpofition engaged to be marred to an officer in your armey, was with other 
Wiming and Children taken out of a houfe near [25] near fort Edward Carried into 
the Woods and there Scalped and mangled in a moft Shocking manner. Two Parants 
with their Six Children were all treated with the Same inhumanity while Quietly 
Refiding in their once happy and peacefull dwellings the mifarable fate of Mrs McKea 
was particulary aggravated : by being dresed to Receive her promifed hufband but 
met her murdrers Employed by you. Upwards of one hundred men women and Chil- 
dren have perifhed by the hands of the Ruffons to whom it is afferted you have 
paid the price of Blood 

Inclofed are letters from your wounded officers, prifoners in my hands : By them 
you will be informed of the Generofity of their Conquerers. 

Such money Clothing attendance and neceffaries which your Excelency pleafes to 
Send to the prifoners Shall be faithfully delivered. The late Col" Bauns . Sarvant 
is at Benington he would have Come to your Excelencys Camp but when I offered 
him a flag he was afraid to run the Refque of being Scalped and Declined. — When 
I know what Surgeon and attendance your Excellency is defirious of Sending to 
Benington I Shall difpatch an officer to Condtict them to my Camp. 

I am Sir your moft Humble Servant 
Horatio Gates 



84 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[26] Articles of Capitulation as propofed by Major General Lincoln and anfwered 

by their Excellencies General Sir. Henry Clinton K. B. and Vice Admiral Arbuth- 

not — 1 

Art. I. All acts of hoftility and work Shall ceafe untill the articles of Capitulation 
are finally agreed to or Rejected. 

Art. 2. The town and fortifications with the Shipping at the wharves, artillery and 
all publick Stores whatfoever Shall be Surrendered in their prefent State to 
the Commander of the inverting forces : Proper officers Shall attend from the 
refpective departments to receive them. 

Art. 3. The Continental troops and Sailors, with their baggage. Shall be Conducted 
to a place to be agreed on, where they will remain prifoners of war untill Ex- 
changed — while prifoners they Shall be Suplied with good and wholefom pro- 
vifions in Such quantity as is Served out to the troops of his Britannic Majefty. 

Art. 4. The militia now in Garrifon Shall be permitted to return to their rifpective 
homes, as prifoners upon Parole : which parole, So long as they obferve Shall 
Secure them from being molefted in their property by the Britifh troops. 

Art 5 : The Sick and wounded Shall be Continued under the Care of their own 
Surgeons, and be Suplied with Medicine and Such neceffaries as are allowed 
to the Britifh hofpitial. 

Art. 6 : The officers of the army and navy Shall keep their horfes : Swords, piftols 
and baggage which Shall not be Searched and retain their Seravants — the 
horfes not to be Carred out of town, but to be difpofed of by perfons left from 
each Corps for that purpofe. 

[27] Art. 7 : The whole Garrifon Shall at an hour to be appointed march out of the 
town to the ground between the works of the place and the Canal, where they 
will depofit their arms. The Drums are not to beat a Britifh march or Colours 
to be uncafed. 

Art 8 That the french Conful his houfe, papers and other movables Shall be Pro- 
tected and unmolefled and a proper time granted to him for retiring to any 
place that may afterwards be agreed upon between him and the Commander in 
Cheif of the britifli forces. — He Confidering himfelf as a prifoner on parole. 

Art 9 : All Civil officers and the Citizens who have borne armes during the Siege, 
muft be prifoners on parole : and with Refpect to their Property in the City, 
Shall have the Same terms as are granted to the militia. Aand all other per- 
fons now in the town, not defcribed in this, or other article are notwithftanding 
underftood to be prifoners on Parole. 

Art 10 That a twelvemonths time be allowed all Such as do not Choofe to Continue 
under the Britifh goverment to difpofe of their effects real and perfonal in the 
State, with not any moleftation whatever, or to Remove Such part thereof as 
they Choofe, as well as themfelves and families : and that during that time, they 
or any of them, may have it at their option to refide occafionally in town or 
Country. — The difcuffion of the above Artical of Course Cannot Poffibaly be 
entred into at prefent. 

Art 1 1 The Subjects of France and Spain Shall have the Same terms as are granted 
to the french Consul. 

1 At surrender of Charleston, S. C, May 12, 1780. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 85 

[28] Art. 12 : That a veffel be permitied to go to Philedelphia with the Generals 
Dif patches, which are not to be opened. — Granted and a proper Veffel with 
a flag will be provided for that purpofe. 

All publick papers and records muft be Carefully Preferved and faithfully 
Delvered to Such perfons as Shall be appointed to Receive them 

(Signed) H. Clinton 

Mt. Arbuthnot 



Some Birth day Verfes Compofed by James Moore While Prifoner on long Ifland. 

October 30^1^ [177 — ] 

This day in years la™ aged forty two. 
Alas what greif and trouble Ive gone thro 
for mortal man is Doomd to Mifiry 
as Sparks by Nature ordred up to fly 
But as in Storms the Sparks mufb Swifter go 
So is my lot to Suffer double wo. — 
oft have I felt and well I know the Smart 
the heavy hand of grief laid on My heart. 
My Earthly Cumforts often Snatch* away 
and into Darknefs Sunk my Brighteft day 
and now I Suffer for my Countrys Caufe 
Becaufe we dare oppofe a tyrants Laws. 
But you my friends who Suffer Eaqual Woo, 
Can beft believe the pains I under goo, 
thus kept from home and o the Cruell Smart, 
kept from a Wife the Darling of my heart 
kept from my Children kept from all that is dear 
[29] And what ads to the Smart I am kept here 
But Stop my woe my grief be at a Stand 
thefe things are ordered by the Wifeft hand 
And tho his Ways Seem in the Dark to me 
he rules he Reigns in Jufles Equeite. 
And 111 Confefs his Judgements all are Juft 
And Where I Cant unravle learn to truft. 
And better days I Shortly hope to See 
for to Enjoy my all in Libertee 



86 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

on Redemtion. 

A Poem Compofed by James Moore While Prifoner on Long Ifland. — The Sub- 
fiance taken from a Small peace Said to be found in the Ifle of Patmufs 

1 Ye Higheft hills be humbled 
Lofty Ceaders in Sackcloath Spread 

2 With Crys ye Proud your Dwellings fill 
and Peace ye Winds ye Waves be Sill 

3 Ye Roaring tempefts voyd of Joys 

and Rocking Whirlwinds Ceafe your noife. 

4 In awfull Silence all Prepare 

The Suffirings of your God to bear 

5 Abafhd ye Stood and all was Dark 
but heres glad tideings Sinners hark 

6 the Houfe of mourning gets Relif, 

and joy breaks in the heart of greef. — 

7 Behold the Crofs lift up your Eyes 
behold your god in agonies. 

[30] 8 Juftice and Mercy here Doth meet. 
Was Ever goodnefs So Compleet 
9 Was Ever love So fully Shown 
Was Ever Sorrows like his own 

10 be Silent Sinners Sinners fly 
To your Redeemer Ea"" you die 

1 1 Lo yonder hangs your god and See. — 
he bleeds he Dies upon the tree 

12 The meek the mild the Juft the good — 
A Horred Spectacle of blood. — 

13 he that gave Creation birth 

hangs now between heaven and Earth 

14 Sinners behold he Died for you 
Can you behold and mock him too. 

15 Expireing thus in tortours fraught. 
All far above the Reach of thought 

16 Your Stoney hearts muft bleed to See — 
Emmanul hanging on the tree 

17 Behold no Crown of gold he Wares 
Nor Coflly Jewells in his Ears. 

18 his Crimfon blood his head adorns 
Thruft out by the Sharp Pointed thorns 

19 Your hearts muft bleed your blood run Cold 
When thus your Jefus you behold 

20 See through his hands thofe hands of love 
the peirfmg pointed nails are Drove. 

2 1 At Each hard Streak they Deeper go 
the blood Springs forth at Every blow — 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 87 

[31] 22 in Silent grief he bares the pain — 
and Wilt thou Sinners yet Complain 

23 thofe hands did health and blefsing give — 
While for our Comfort he did live. 

24 Thofe feet faft naild unto the Wood 
that Went about a Doing good. 

25 See hear the Soverain healer hang; — 
See here the love of god and man, 

26 Can I a Sinner dare behold 

thefe Sceens of Sorrow thus unfold 

27 O burft my heart with Swelling greif 
my Eyes gufli out and give Releif 

28 O yes I love and I adore 

O help me lord to love the more 

29 and may thy love be my Delight 
and Meditation Day and Night 

30 Hark o that Sound my Soul attend 
Well might the Rocks of marble Rend 

3 1 he Crys to god in agonies — 
O why haft thou forfaken me. 

32 What Word Can utter that Diftrefs 
or who thy agonies Exprefs. — 

33 But why forfaken of thy God 
but to Compleet that heavy load 

34 Ye travalers attend the Cry — 
behold and See as you Pafs by 

35 Was Ever Sorrow like his own 
Was Ever Wrath So fully known 

[32] 36 A Dying Jefus hear you See 

and Sin and Death triumphant be 

37 Now it is finifhed he Cryes — 

he bows his head he groans and Dies — ' 

38 To See his head What tounge Can tell 
Declining on his bofom fell. — 

39 See from the Wound thats opned Wide 
the Myftick Stream flow from his Side 

40 Hear that Expireing groan at laft 
all nature hears and Stands agaft. 

41 the Sun af righted hides his face 

and awfull Darknefs takes its place — 

42 the Mountains tremble from on high ; 
the Rocks are Rent Exceedingly — 

43 the graves are opened by the Stroke — 
the dead in them from Sleep awoke — 

44 a Suffering God thus you See 
united to humanatey — 



88 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

45 To Save us from our Sins he Came 
and therefore Jefus is his name — 

46 With holy Wonder Sweet Surprife 
Your Bofoms high in Raptures rife 

47 Your hearts muft feel the devine Spring 
Which Will to you new Comforts bring 

48 Sinners Jehovah is his name 
anointed Saviour now he Came 

49 In this Rejoife with holly joy 
mak in your hearts Sweet melody 

[33] 50 With meeknefs Search if you Can know 
from Whence Such love and mercy flow • 

5 1 May I in Jefus find a part, — 

and may he Dwell with in my heart 

52 Vanifh my fears my troubles Ceafe 
and all within me Joy and peace 



A New Song to the tune Black Sloven 

1 Ye brave Sons of freedom afemble to Day 
So honefl So hearty So happy and gay 
Come Joyn in the Choras and Chearfully Sing 

in prais of the land that with freedom doth fpring 

2 Tho placed at a Diftance from Brittons' bold Shore 
from thence either we or our fathers Came over 
And whilft with Juftice our Rulers ware Steer'd 
Their Comands we loved and the Laws we Rever'd — 

3 But when our Juft Rights they attempted to Controle 
Refiftance they 11 : meet with from every free Soul 
For freedom my boys we are Refelv'd to Maintain 
for freedom we Bleed and will bleed again — 

4 Should the Britifh Troops now apear on the Plain 
The land they pofsefsed by force to Maintain 
The brave Sons of freedom our Rongs will Requit 
and Shew them again that provincials will fight 

5 Let Fort Pitt Lake George and Niagera Show 
how America Conquired a Short time ago, 
Whilft Lexington fields and Bofton Proclaim'd . 
We Still are Refolved our Rights to maintain 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 89 

[34] 6 Then her 's to Great George and long may he Rreign 
Commander in Cheif o'er this happy plain — 
While all the Contention we hear and we See — 
Is to maik him as happy as happy Can be 

7 And hear is to the Daughters of this happy Soil 
With joy they will meet us when done with our toil 
When we have beat our foes from this fertile Ground 
And are held with aplaufe even all the world Round. 



The origin of the party and names Whig& Tory as Rilatedby Mr. Rapin Dethoyras 
— In his hijlory of England writen infrench 

He obferves that the partys who afterwards were after Caled by thefe Names 
ware firft formd in king James the firfl time in 1621 but did not Receive thefe 
names untill 1679 So in king Charls the 2^^ time Where he gives the acount of it 
in page 712 vol 2"^ — 

" on the prefent ocation petitfions had been prefented to the king for the Sitting 
" of the Parliment — as So as the Parliment was prorogued and the Duke of York 
" at Court many addrefses ware prefented in abhorance of the former — So that two 
" Partes were formed Called the petitioners and abhorrers — as the animofity be- 
" tween the two Partys gradually increafed they beftowed upon Each other Names 
" of Reproach and from hence arofe the So much famed Diftinction of Whige and 
"Tory — the Petitioners looking upon their adverfaries as Entierly Devoted to 
" the Court and the Popifh faction gave [35] Them the name of torys — a title 
"given to Irfh Robbers Villians and Cut throats Seince Called Rapperees thus the 
"name of torys Sarves only now to Diftinguifh one of the two factions which 
" Still Devide England The abhorrers on their Side Confidering the Pittioners 
"as men Entierly in the Princible of the Parliment of 1640 and as Prefbyterians 
" gave them the name of Whige or Sour milk formerly appropriated to the Scotch 
" Prefbyterians and Rigid Covenanters thefe two Denominations are too Well 
" Remembred at thif time. Copied by R L. 



A Song to the tune of the Britifh Granadears 

1 Vain Brittons Boaft no longer with proud Indigity 

By land your Conquering leigons your matchless Strength by Sea 
Since we your braver fons Incenf'd our Swords have girded on 
Huzza huzza huzza huzza for War and Wafhington 

2 Urg'd on by North and Vengence thefe Valient Champons Came 
Loud Bellowing tea and treafon and George was all on flame 
Yet Sacred legions as it Seems we Rebbles Still live on — 

and laugh at all your Emty Puffs and So does Wafhington 



90 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLxN 

3 Still Deef to mild Intreatys Still blind to Englands good 
You have for thirty peaces Betray'd your Counterys Blood — 
Like Eafops greedy Cur you'll gain a Shadow for your bone 
Youll find us fearfull Shades indeed Infpird by Walliington 

[36] 4 Myferious Unexampled Incomprahenfible — 

the Blundring Schems of briton their folly prid and Zeal 

Like lyons how they growl and frett mear afes have they Shown 

And you Shall Slmre an afes fait and Drudge to Walliington 

5 Your dark unfathom'd Councils our weakest heads Defate 
Our Children Rout your Armys our boats Deftroy your fleet 
And to Compleat your dire Dif grace Cooptup within A Town 
You live the scorn of all our Troops the Slaves of Walliington 

6 Great god is this the Nation whofe Conquering Arms was hurld 
Through Europe, Africk, India whofe Nave Rul'd the World 
The lufter of your former deeds whole Ages of Renown 

Left in A moment or tranfferd to us and Wafliington 

7 Yet think not thirst of glory unflieathed our Vengefull sword 
To Cut our bands Asunder and Cast away the Cord 

Tis Heaven born freedom fires us all and Strengthens Each brave Son 
From him who humble guides the plow to god like Wafhington 

8 For this O Could our wiflies your Antient Rage Infpire 
Your Armys must be Double in Number force and fire 

Then might the glorious Conflict prove which best Deferves the boon 
America or Albion A George or Wafhington 

9 Fired with the great Idea our fathers Shades would Rife 
to Vew the Stern Contention the gods Defert the Skies 
and Wolf midft hofts of Heros Superor bending Down 
Cries out with Eager tranfport well done brave Wafliington 

[37] 10 Should George too Choyce of Brittons to forigen Reims apply 
and madly arm half Europe yet Still we would defy 
Turk Rufhan Jew and Infidell or all thefe powers in one 
While Hancock Crowns our Sianet our Camp great Walhington 

II The War like Weapons fail us Difdaning Slavifli fear — 

to Swords wee'd beat our plow Shears our pruning hooks to Spears 
And Rufh all defpert on our foes nor breath till we have done 
Then Shout and Shout America and Conquering Wafhington 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 91 

The lafl Will and Teftament of old England 

I old England being in a Very Weak and Languifhing State through voluptuous- 
nefs and lofs of blood to make and ordain this my laft Will and Teftement in 
the Following manner viz. 

Imprimis I do give and bequoath unto the Bifhop of St. Afaph and Peterfbourgh to 

be Equally Devided between them all my Religion. 
I give my Vertue and Sincerity to the Worthy members of the menority in the 

houfe of Commons. — 
I give all my Knowledge in Politics to Lord Camboon — and Lord Abington and 

their other noble Lords who oppofed the miniftery in the late mefcheevous and 

Curfed War in America. — 
I give to my Sifter Scotland all my prid and Haughtinefs. 

I give to my Sifter Ireland the one half of my Poverty Diftrefs and ruin. — 

[38] 6 I give to the Earle of Bute and Lord north all my treachary and Tyranny 
to be Equally Divided between them. — 

7 I give to Lord and Gen^ How all my Cruelty as a Reward for their treatment of 

the American' Prifoners. — 

8 I give all my low Cunning to lord Manffield and Lord George Germaine. — 

9 I give my Stupidity and obftinancy to the prefent mineftry 

10 I give my Power by land and Sea to the French King. — 

I I I give my Integrity to the King of Spain. — 

12 I give my trade and Commers to the States of Holland — 

13 I give thofe object mortals the Tories in America one Ton of hemp to be .. ' 

Equally Diftributed amongft them by Jack ketch. — 

14 I give all my right and title Contained in that moft Glorious tract Called Magna 

Charter to the United States of America to their heirs and afsigns forever. — 

15 I give unto my Colonies in America Viz. Canada nover Scotice Eaft and Weft 

florida and the Weft Indies the other half of my Poverty deftrefs and Ruin : 
and I do appoint the United States of America to be the Guardains of my Said 
Colonies. — 
Laftly I nominate Conftitute and appoint the Count Dal-Modaror to be the Exe- 
cuitor of this my laft Will and Teftement. In Witnefs Wher of I have heare- 
unto Set my hand and Seal in the Pallace of Necefsity this 19*^ of Aprile Juft 
four years from the fatial day on which my laft oppertunity was loft by the 
blood of America at Lexington anno 1779 
Signed Sealed Prounonced and Declaried to be the laft Will and Teftement of Said 
old England in the prefents of us who have Chearfully Subfcribed our Names. 

His Holenefs Pope 

His Impudance Mahomit 

His Igmarance Pagan 



92 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[39] Collins Complaint — A Song — 

1 Dif paring befide a Cleair Streem, — 
A Sheppard forfaiken was laid, 

And whille a falls Nimph was his thame 
A Willow Supported his head. — 

2 The Wind that blew over the plain 
to his Sigh with a Sigh did Reply 
And the brook in Return to his pain — 
Run Mournfully murmering by. 

3 Alafs Silly Swain that I was 
thus Sadly Complaning he Cried 
When firfs I beheld that fair face 

it was better by farr that I had Died. 

4 She talk'd and I blefs'd her dear Tongue 
When She Smiled it twas a pleafure too great 
I lifned and Cried when She Sun^. 

Was Nightingale ever So Sweet. 

5 How foolifh was I to believe 

She would doat on So lowly a Clown 
or that her fond heart would not greive 
to forfake the fine folks in the town. 

6 To think that A Beauty So gay 

So kind and So Conftant would prove, 
And go Clad like our Maidens in Gray 
And live in a Cottage on love. 

[40] 7 What though I have Skill to Complain 

though the mufes my Tempels have Crown'd 
What though when they hear my foft Strain 
the madins Sit Weeping around. 

8 Ah Collin thy hopes are in vain 
thy Pipe and thy laurel Repine 
thy fair one inclines to a Swain 
Whoes Mufwick is Sweeter then thine. 

9 All you my Companions So dear 
Who is Sorry to See me betrayed. 
What ever I Suffer forbair, 
forbair to Acufe the fals maid 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 93 

10 Tough through the Wide World I Should Range 
it is vain from my fortain to flye 

it was hers to be fals and to Change 
it is mine to be Conftant and Die. 

1 1 If while my hard fait I Suftain 
in her breaft any Pitty is found 

let her Come with the Nimps of the plain 
and See me laid low in the Ground. 

12 The laft humble boon that I Crave 

is to Shade me with Cyprufs and yew. 
and when She looks down in my Grave, 
let her own that her Sheepard was true 

13 Then to her new love let her go 
and deck her in golden aray 

be fineft at Every fine Show 
• and frollick it all the long Day 

[41] 14 While Collin forgotten and gone 
no more to be talkd of or Seen 
unlefs when beneath the pale moon, 
his ghoft Shall glide over the green. 



in Congrefs April the 10^^ 1780 Refolvd That when Congrefs Shall be furnfhed 
with proper documents to Liquidate the depreciation of the Continental bills of 
Creit they will as Soon thareafter as the State of the financeas will admit, make 
good the line of the Army and the independant Corps thereof the Deficiency of 
their original pay occafioned by Such depraafion and that the money and Articles 
heretofore paid or furnifhed or hereafter to be paid or furnifhed by Congrefs or the 
States or any of them as pay Subfiftance or to Compianfate for Deficences, Shall be 
deemed advanced on aacount untill Such Liquidation as aforfaid Shall be adgufted, 
it being the determination of Congrefs that all the troops Serving in the Continantel 
Army Shall be placed on an eaqual footing, Provided that no perfon Shall have any 
benifit of their refolution except Such as ware engaged during the war or for three 
years, and are now in Servace or Shall hereafter engage during the war. 

Refolved. That a Commitee of three be appointed to Report a proper Compen- 
fation to the Staff of of the Army, in Confequence of the depreciation of the Cur- 
rency. 



94 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[42] What means the tolling Sound of Flat land bell, 
or Crouds of prifoners there pray tell 
Tis the departer of Some friend I fear 
A Pitying beusing Sigh acofts my ear 
A Prifoner gone the murmring winds reply 
In abfent Cruel Capture doom'd to die 
Tis Grace is dead a worthy generous youth 
of manners honeft Soul replet with truth 
Early in life he trod the martial Stage 
Fir'd with his Countrys honeft worthy rage 
He lent his willing youthfull hand 
To guide their noble generous band 
As Soon fate fix'd his hard decree 
His Cruel much lamented defliny 
A Captive forcd his tedious time to Spend 
A Prifoner doom'd his lingring life to end 
Far from his hopes relations friends 
Lament we now his early Silent death 
His eafy willing part with breath 
Nor Could honour Save from deaths Sad grafp 
or virtue aid impart in dying gafp 
Thefe lines would not have record made 
And Grace ^ would yet have with us Staid 

April 5th 1780 



[43] On her being brought fro7n A/rick to Americk. 

Twas mercy brought me from my Pagan land 
Taught my benighted Soul to underftand 
That there is a God that there is a Saviour too 
oneft I Redemtion never Sought nor knew. 
Som vew our Sable race with Scornfull eye ; 
Their Colour is a diabolic die" 
Remember Chriftians Negros black as Cain 
May be Refind and joine the angelic train. 

^ Richard Grace, on the Long Island Prisoners List, Diary Number One, as Number 46 of First Lieu- 
tenants. 



DIARY NUMBER FOUR 95 

Pharamonds Edict againji Duels. 

Pharamonds King of the Gauls, to all his loving Subjects Sendeth Greeting. 

Whereas it has Come to our Royal notice and Obfervation that in Contempt of 
all laws Divine and humain, it is of late become a Cuftom among the Nobility and 
Gentery of this our Kingdom upon Slight and trivial as well as great and urgant 
Provications, to invite each other in to the field there by their own Hands and of 
their own Authority, to decide their Controverfies by Combat, we have thought fit 
to take the Said Cuftom into our Royal Confideration and find, upon Enquirey into 
the ufual Caufes whereon Such fatal Decifions have arifen that by [44] this wicked 
Cuftom, maugre all the Precepts of our holy Religion, and the Rules of right Reafon 
the greateft Act. of the humain Mind. Forgivenefs of Inguries is become vile and 
Shameful : that the Rules of good Society and virtuous Converfation are hearby 
inverted that the Loofe, the Vain and the Impudent, infult the Careful the Difcreet 
and the Modeft : that all Virtue is Supprefsed, and all vice Supported in the one 
Act of being Capable to dare to the Death. We have alfo further, with great Sorrow 
of Mind obferved that this dreadfull Action, by long Impunity our Royal Attention 
being employed upon matters of more General Concern, is become honourable, and 
the Refufal to engage in it ignominious, in thefe our Royal Cares and Enquiries we 
are yet farther made to underftand that the Perfons of moft eminent worth, and 
moft hopeful Abilities, accompined with the Strongeft Paffion for true Glory, are 
Such as are moft liable to be involved in the Danger Arifing from this licence, now 
taking the Said premifes into our Serious Confideration. and well weighing that all 
Such Emergencies wherein the mind is incapable of Commanding it Self, and where 
the Injury is too Sudden or too exquifite to be borne are particularly provided for by 
laws heretofore enacted : and that the Oualites of lefs Injuries : like thofe of Ingrati- 
tude are too nice and and dilicate to Come under General Rules : we do refolve to 
blot this fafhion or wantonnefs of Anger out of the minds of our Subjects by our Royal 
Refolutions declare in this Edict as follow. 

[45] No perfon who either Sends or accepts a Challenge or the pofterity of either, 
tho' no Death enfues thereupon Shall be. after the publication of this our Edict, 
Capable of bearing office in thefe our Dominions. 

The perfon who Shall prove the Sending or Receiving A Challenge, Shall receive 
to his own ufe and property, the whole perfonal Eftate of both parties, and their real 
Eftate Shall be immediatly vefted in the next Heir of the offenders, in as ample 
Manner as if the Said offenders were actually deceafed. 

In Cafe where the Laws, which we have already granted to our Subjects admit of 
an Appeal for blood when the Criminal is Condemned by the Said Appeal, he Shall 
not only Suffer Death, but his whole Eftate real mixed and perfonal Shall from the 
hour of his death be vefted in the next Heir of the perfon whofe Blood he Spilt. 

That it Shall not hereafter be in our Royal Power, orthatof our Succofsors, to pardon 
the Said offences, or Reftor the offenders in their Eftates, Honour or Blood forever. 

Given at our Court at Blois the 8th of February. 420 In the Second year of our 
Reign. 

Copied by Rufus Lincoln while on parole at the residence of Petrus Ammerman, 
Flatlands, Kings County, July 17- 1780. 



BOOK FIVE 



This book is of home manufacture, oblong in shape (end fold), the cover being made by pasting 
a number of the first pages together, the size of page being about 5^ by 9 inches. 

One part has been used as an account book, for personal entries, the other contains Acts of Con- 
gress, Washington's address at New Windsor, in relation to the Hamilton Imbroglio, or the attempt 
to cause the troops to mutiny on account of the shameful treatment the army had received from 
Congress. 

This whole matter is here given from Jared Sparks' Letters of General Washington, to complete 
Rufus Lincoln's story. 

The farewell letter of Galvan is a curious epistle. All that I can ascertain about him is, that 
he was a French officer, an aide to General Lafayette. His name is mentioned as the bearer of a 
letter to General Washington from General Lafayette. He was in the service December 28, 1779, 
mentioned in a letter to Congress. (Journals of Congress, 1778-1782, vol. iii. p. 416.) 

The part relating to the army was written at New Windsor (Newburgh), at the camp, and the 
personal entries at his home in Taunton, Mass., after the war. 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 

[1] . By the United States in Congrefs afsembled March 22 1783 

on the report of a committee to whom was refered a motion of M"^ Dyre, to- 
gether with a momaral of the officers of the army, and the report of the committee 
thereon, Congrefs came to the following resolutions Wheras the officers of the Sev- 
eral lines under the immeadite Command of his Excelency Gen' Washington did 
by there late memorale transmitte by there Committee represented to Congrefs, that 
the half pay granted by Sundery resolutions was regarded in an unreasinable light by 
the citizens of Some of these States, who would prefer a compensation for a limited 
time of years or by a Sum in grose to an establishment for life and on that account 
Salicite a commutation of thier half pay for an Equivalant in one of the two modes 
above mentioned in order to remove all Subject of disapprobation from the minds 
of their fellow citizens 

and where as Congrefs are desirous [2] as well of gratfing the resonable expa- 
tations of the officers as of removing all objections which may exsite in any part 
of the United States to the prinfaple of the half pay Establishment, for which the 
faith of the United States hath been pledged, persuaded that there objections can 
only arise from the nature of a compensation not from any indisposition to com- 
pensate those whose Services Sacrifices and Suffirings, have So just a title to the 
approbation and rewards of their Countrey 

Therefore Resolved 

That such officers as are now in Service and Shall continue there in to the end of 
the war Shall be intitled to receive the amount of five years full pay in money or 
Sucuritiees on intrest at Six percent p"" annum as Congrefs Shall find most con- 
venant instead of the half pay promised for life, by the resolution of the 21*^ day 
of October 1780 thee Several Securites to be Such as Shall be given to other cred- 
itors of the United States, 

[3] Provided that it be at the option of the lines of the respetive States, and not 
of officers indivudaly in those lines to accept or refuse the Same and provided also 
that their Election Shall be Signified to Congrefs through the Commander in Chif 
from the lines under his immedeate command with in two months and through the 
Commander off the Southern army, with in Six months from the date of this Reso- 
lution 

That the Same commutation Shall existe to the Corps not belonging to the lines 
of any perticular States, and who are intitled to half pay for life as aforsaid the 
acceptance or refusal to be detarminade and to be Signifed in the Same manner 
and wthin the Same time as above mentioned. 

That all officers belonging to the hospital department who are intitled to half 

L.tfC. 



100 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

pay by the resolution of the 17'^ day of Jany 1781 may Colitively agree to accept or 
refuse [4] the afforsaid commutation Signifying the Same through the Commander 
in Cheif within Six months from this time 

That all the officers that have retired at difrent Periods entitled to half pay for 
life, may collectievly in each State of which they are inhabitance accept or refuse 
the Same their aceptance or refusal to be Signifed by agents authorised for that 
purpose within Six months from this period 

That with respect to retiring officers the commutation if accepted by them Shall 
be in lue of what ever may be now due to them Since the time of their retiring 
from Service, as well as what hereafter become due, and that So Soon as their 
acceptance Shall be Siginified, the Superentant of finiances be, and he is hereby 
directed to take measures for the Settlments of thare accounts accordingly and to 
ifue to them Certificats bearing intrest at Six p*" Sent 

[5] That all officers intitled to half pay for life not includid in the proceding 
resolution may also Colectively agree to accept or refuse the aforsaid commutation, 
Signafying the Same with in Six months from this time. 

Extrace from General Orders 

R. Lincoln 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE loi 

The Galvon Letter 

[6] Adue my dear friends. Life has become a burthen to me. I Shake it off. 

Men who do not reflect will accufe me of weknefs, they will be mistaken, that 
Same courage which enabled me to meet death, would alfo Support me in bearing 
any degree of pain, But what end would answered by it .'' Love has extinguished, 
in me every other pafsion, and disqualifies me to follow any other pursut, by 
which my Country my friends, or my familey might might have Rec'^ any advan- 
tage : Why then Should I preferve it life uselefs to them and obnoxious to me. I 
regfm it Cooly and deliberatly. the onley regreet I carry with me, is, that the 
Sacrifice was made to my own rages and not to Some nobler and more distinguis'd 
motive 

[7] I entrust you my dear friend with my last will, have me buried decently, 
pay all my debts if what I leave hear is not Sufficent draw upon my Brother at 
Bayonne 

I hope Bingham will take the trouble of this if necefsary. 

Send a Coppy of my will to my mother Madam Femenifadat at Dominica, and 
one to my above nam^ Brother Francis Lewis Galvon, but let neither of them 
know the nature of my death, endeavour to conceale it or at least to make it as 
little publick as poffible. 

Take Care of Hector my Servant. I Should be glad he would live with my bro- 
ther but untill he goes let him Stay with either of you he Choufes. present Hector 
to Mifs Sally Shipping. Tell her my Graitude for her friendfhip well be one of the 
last Sentiments that dies within me. [8] Prefent my last Complimients let them be 
affectionate to all my friends male and female you kno them. Let Such letters as 
will be directed to me be kept by Bingham, and deliverd or Sent to my Brother as 
he Shall direct 

I Recomend him to the friendfhip of you three. Seal the letters you find on 
my table and Send them to the Refptive addrefse 

I have anexd to this accounts as exact as I can recollect of all my affairs hear 
All my effects (except my Linnen) with my papers I defire May be well Seald and 
kept under key at Binghams to be delevered to my brother if he returns hear, 
[9] or be difpos'd of as he Shall direct 

The pistols are loaded. Adieu for the last time. Love me after my death as 
well as I did you while I was Alive Defend my memory against happy lovers, 
for I Suppose no unfortunate one will attack it. I march off as gaily and almost as 
eagerly as when my friend Gen^ Wayne Sent me to attack Lord Cornwalles. I hope 
I Shall be more Succfsfull in out flanking Love then the British army. 

Galvon 

You will not my dear Clarkson Call my Honour in Queftion. my Torments are 
more then I can bear, be indulgant to me forgive me. 



102 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[10] An Addrefs of his Excelency General Washijigton to the officers of his army 
who convend agreeable to his orders of the //''* of March lySj 

Gentlemen 

By an anoymous Summons an attemp has been made to conven you to gether, 
how inconsenstant with the rules of Propriety, how unmilitery and how Subersive 
to all order and disipline let the good Sence of the army decide. 

In the of this Summons and the anomonous production has been Sent 

into circulation, addrfsed more to the feelings and [11] Pafsions, then to the reason 
and Judgment of the army the author of the peace is intitled to much credit for 
the goodnefs of his pen and I could wish he had as much credit for the recitude of 
his heart, for as we see through diffrent obticks and are induced by the reflecting 
faculties of the mind to use diffirent means to obtain the Same end, the author of 
the addrefs Should have had more Chrarity then to marke for Suspicion the man 
who Should recommend moradation and long forbarance, or in other words, who 
Should not think and act as he advised. But he had another plan in vew in which 
candour and libaralty of Sentiments, regard to justis, and love of our Country have 
no part [12] and he was right to insinuate the darkest Sufpicions to effect the blakest 
designs. 

That the addrefs is drawn with great art and design to answer the most insidous 
purpose that it is calculated to imprefs the mind with an idea of premitated injustis 
in the Sovereign power of the United States and rouse all those fentiments which 
must unavoidably flow from a belief that the Secret author of this Scheme (whoever 
he may be) intended to take advantage of pafsions while they ware Warmed with 
recolletions of past distrefses with out giving time for cool delibration, thinking 
that composur of mind which is So necesfary to give dignaty and Stability to mea- 
sures, is rendred too obvious [13] by the modes of conducting the buisnefs to need 
other proof of than that Referance be had to the Proceading 

This much Gentlemen I have thought incombant, upon me to observe to Shew 
to you upon what principles I oppose the irrigular and hasty meeting which was 
proposed on Tuesday last, and not that I want a disposition to give you every oppor- 
tunity Conftstant your own honor and the dignaty of the Army to make known your 
grievences 

If my conduct heartofore has not evidenced to you that I have been a faithfull 
friend to the army my declaration of it at this time will be equally unavaling and 
improper, but as I was among the first who embarked in the [14] Common cause of our 
Country, as I have never left your Side one moment, but when called from you by 
public duty, as I have been the constant companion and witnefs of your distrefs, and 
not among the last to acknowledge your merits, as I have ever confidred my own 
millitery reputation as inseparably connected with that of the army, as my heart has 
ever expanded with joy whenever I have heard of its praises and my indignation 
has arisen when the mouth of detestation has been opned against it, it fcarcely can 
be Supposed at this late Stage of the war that I am indiffirant to its intrest, but how 
are they to be promoted, the way is plain Says the anonymous addrefser, [15] if war 
continues, remove into the unsetled country, there estabUsh yourselves and leave 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 



103 



an ungratifull country to defend itself : but who are they to defend our wifes our 
childrin, our farmes and other property which we leave behind us, or in this State 
of hostility Seperation, were we to take the two first (the later cannot be removed) 
to perish in a willdernefs with hunger, cold and nakednefs : If peace takes place, never 
sheth your Swords Says he untill you have obtaind a full and ample Juftis, this 
dreadfull alternative of either deftroying our Country in the extreemest hour of dif- 
trefs, or turning our arms against it [16] (which is the aparant object unlefs Congrefs 
can be complied to inftant compliance) has Something so Shaking in it that hu- 
manity revals at the Idea — My god what can the wrighter have in vew by recom- 
mending Such meafures, can he be a friend to his country : Rather is he not an 
insedious foe, Some emifsary prehaps from New York, plotting the ruin of both, by 
Sowing the Seeds of difcord and Sepration between the civil and military powers of 
the continant, and what a Compliment dose he pay to our underflanding, when he 
recommends measures which either alternative are impracticable in their nature. 

But hear gentlemen I will drop the curtin, because — it [17] would be as impru- 
dant in me to afsign my reasons for this oppinion as it would be insulting yours to 
Suppose you Stood in need of them, a moment reflection will convince every dispaf- 
sonet mind of the physical impofsibility of carying either proposal in to excution. 

There might Gentlemen appear an improprity in my taking notice of this addrefs 
to you, but in a manner in which that preformance has been introduced to the army, 
the effect it was intended to have together with Some other circumftances will am- 
ply Justify my obfervaations on the tendency of that wrighting with Refpect to the 
advice givin by the author, [18] to Suspect the man who would recomend moderate 
measures and long forbarance I Spurn it, as every man who regards that liberty 
and revers that Justis for which we contended undoubteley must, if men are to 
be preculueded from offiring their Sentiments in a matter which may involve them 
into the most Serious and alarming consequences, that can invite the consideration 
of mankind, reason is of no use to us, the freedom of Speach may be taken away 
from us and dumb and silent we may be lead to the Slaughter like Sheep. 

I cannot in Justice to my own belief and what I have great reason to conceive is 
the intentions [19] of Congrefs, Conclude this addrefs without giving it as my oppin- 
ion that this honourable Body entertain exalted Sentiments of the Service of the 
army, and from a full conviction of its merits and Sufifirings will do it compleet Jus- 
tice : that their endevers to discover and establish funds far the purpose have been 
unwared and will not cease untill they have Succeeded I have not a doubt, but like 
all large Bodies where there are a virety of intrest to reconcile their delibrations are 
Slow ; 

Why then Should wee diflrust them : and in conciquence of that distrust adopt 
measuers which may cast a Shade over that glory So Justly acquried [20] and tarnish 
the reputation of an army which is celebrated through all Europe for its fortitude 
and Partratism and for what is this done to, bring the object we Seek for nearer .'' 
no .-• most certaingly in my oppinion it will cast it at a greater distance — for my 
self and I take no merrit in giving the afsurance, being conducted to do it from prin- 
ciples of gratitude verasity and Justis a greatfull Sence of the confidance you have 
ever placed in me — recollections of chearfull afsistance and prompt obidance I have 



104 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

ever experienced from your endevering every vicefsitude of fortuan and a fincere af- 
fection I feel for an army [21] I have So long had the honor to Command will ablig 
me to decline in this publick and Solemn manner that in the attainment of complete 
Justice for all your toils and dangers, and in the greatest of every wish So far as may 
be done Consistant with the great duty I owe my Country and those persons wee 
are bound to refpect may freely command my Service to the utmost of my abilities. 
While I give you those afsurances and pledge my Self in the most unequivocal man- 
ner to exert what ever oblity, I am pofsefsed of in your faivour, leet me intreet you, 
Gentlemen, on your own part, not to take any measures [22] which in the Calm light 
of reason will lefsen the dignity and Sully the glory you have heartofore maintaind, 
let me requeest you to rely on the plighted faith of your country and place a full con- 
fidance in, of the Union if Congrefs, that previous to difsolution as an army they will 
cause all your accounts to be f airley liquidated as directed in their Resolutions which 
were published to you two days ago, and that they will adopt the most effectual mea- 
sures in their power to render compleet Justis to you for your faithfull and meditoras 
Serving, and let me conjure you in the [23] name of our common country as you 
value your own Sacred honor, as you expect the rights of humanity and as you re- 
gard the military and national charracter of America, to exprefs your utmost horror 
and detestation of the man who wishes under any Speicous pretentions to overturn 
the liberty of our country and who wickedly attempts to open the flood gates of 
civil discord and deluge our rising empire in blood. — By thus determining and thus 
acting you will persue the plain direct road to the attainment of your wishes ; you 
will defeat the insidous design of our enemies who are compelled [24] to resort from 
forse to secret Artifices you give one more distingiushed proof of unexampled pa- 
triotism and patient virtue rising Superior to the presure of the most complicated 
Suffirings, and you will by the dignity of your conduct afford ocasion for pofterity 
to Say, when Speaking of the glorious exampels you have exhibited mankind, had 
this been wanting the world would had never Seen the last Stage of perfection 
to which human nature is able of attaining. — 

Sign^ G. Wafhington 



[25] His Exclency Gen^ Wafhington having with drawn 

Major Gen^ Gates the Senior officer present. 

On a motion made by Major Gen^ Knox and Secondd by B.Gen^ Putnam 
Resolved 

That the unanimous thanks of the officers of the army be presented to his Excel- 
ency the Commander in cheif for his Excellent addrefs and the communications he 
has been pleased to make to them — and to afsure him that the officers reciprocate 
his effectionate exprefsions with the greatest Sincrety of which the human heart is 
capable. 

[26] The addrefs from the Army to Congrefs, the report of the Committe from the 
Army and the resalutions of Congrefs of the 25th of Jany. being read — on a motion 
by B.Gen^ Putnam Seconded by B.Gen^ Hand 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 105 

Voted 

That a Committee be appointed immedeately to draw up Some resolutions, 
exprefscive of the buisnefs before us, and to report in half an hour, that this com- 
mette consist of one Gen^ officer one field officer and one Captain 

That Gen^ Knox Col" Brooks and Captain Hayward compose [27] the Said com- 
mittee — the report of the committee having been brought in and fully confidred 
Refolved unanimously 

That at the commencement of the present war the officers of the American 
army engaged in the Service of there country from the purest love and attachment 
to the rights and librty of human nature, which motives Still exist in the highest 
degree and that no circumstances of distrefs or danger Shall induce a conduct that 
may tend to Sully the reputation and glory which they have acquired at the price 
of there blood and eight years faithfull Services 
[28] Resolved unanimously 

That the army continue to have an unshaken confidence in the justis of Congrefs 
and their country and are fully convinced that the representatives of America will 
not disband or disperce the Army until their accounts are liquidated, the ballances 
accurantly afsertained and adequate funds eftablished for payment, and in this 
arrangement the officers expect that the half pay or a commutation of it Should be 
efficaciously comprehended. 
Refolved unanimously 

That his Excelency the commander in cheif be requisted to write to his excel- 
ency the president of Congrefs earnefsly intreating the most Spedy disision of that 
[29] honouarable body upon the Subjects of our late addrefs, which was forwarded 
by a committee of the Army Some of whom ware wating upon Congrefs for the result. 
In the alternative of peace or war this event would be highly Satisfactory, and would 
produce immediate tranquility in the minds of the army and prevent any further 
machinations of desigining men to Sow discord between the civil and military powers 
of the United States. 

Refolved unanimously 

That the officers of the american army view with abhorranc and reject with dis- 
dain the infamous propositons containe'^ in a late anonimous addrefs 

THE HAMILTON IMBROGLIO 

It is a well-known historical fact, that while the army was encamped at New Windsor (New- 
burgh), N. Y., a conspiracy was instigated by some of the officers, to lead the army to mutiny 
against Congress, who had most shamefully treated the men in every way. 

An anonymous letter, dated March 10, 1783, was circulated, calling the men to array them- 
selves against their rulers and to strike for their rights ; a second letter was posted, calling for a 
meeting at a given time. General Washington, as commander in chief, called a meeting for a date 
when General Horatio Gates, being officer of the day, would preside. 

It was well known that General Gates was dissatisfied, and was suspected of having a hand 
in the matter. Jared Sparks, in his " Writings of Washington," vol. viii. p. 555, says : " The letters 
were written by Major Armstrong (since General Armstrong), aide-de-camp to General Gates." 

John Fiske, in his "Critical Period of American History," p. 114, says: " Major Armstrong 
wrote the letters, Colonel Barber caused them to be circulated throughout the camp, and the whole 
thing was instigated by General Gates." 



io6 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Sparks says that the usual way for the circulation of news or orders was to post them at 
headquarters, and there the various aides gathered for orders or to bring reports. This anonymous 
letter was so posted, and the different aides wrote it out and so took it all over the camp. 

Whether Rufus Lincoln was at the meeting is not known, but as the call issued by General 
Washington was " that the general, field and staff ofificers, with one representative from each com- 
pany, will attend," it is probable that he was present. 

I give the anonymous letter first posted, General Washington's general order for the meet- 
ino^, and the second letter posted. Washington's address follows. Then the motions passed by 
the officers present, in a much more complete state than given in Rufus Lincoln's papers. 

I would refer to Jared Sparks' " Writings of Washington," vol. viii. pp. 555-566, for the full 
account. 

ANONYMOUS NOTIFICATION 

A meeting of the general and field officers is requested at the Public Building Tuesday next 
at eleven o'clock. A commissioned officer from each company is expected, and a delegate from the 
medical staff. 

The object of this convention is, to consider the late letter from our representatives in Phila- 
delphia, and what measures (if any) should be adopted, to obtain redress of grievances which 
they seem to have solicited in vain. 

FIRST ANONYMOUS ADDRESS TO THE OFFICERS OF THE ARMY 

A fellow soldier, whose interest and affections bind him strongly to you, whose past suffer- 
ings have been as great as yours, would beg leave to address you. 

Age has claims, and rank is not without its pretensions to advice ; but, though unsupported 
by both, he flatters himself, that the plain language of sincerity and experience will neither be un- 
heard nor unregarded. 

Like many of you he loved private life, and left it with regret. He left it, determined to 
retire from the field with the necessity that called him to it, and not till then : not till the enemies 
of his country, the slaves of power, and the hirelings of injustice were compelled to abandon their 
schemes, and acknowledge America as terrible in arms as she had been humble in remonstrance. 

With this object in view he has long shared in your evils, and mingled in your dangers ; he 
has felt the cold hand of poverty without a murmur, and has seen the insolence of wealth without 
a sigh. But too much under the direction of his wishes, and sometimes weak enough to mistake 
desire for opinion, he has till lately, very lately believed in the justice of his country. He hoped, 
that as the clouds of adversity scattered, and as the sunshine of peace and better fortune broke in 
upon us, the coldness and severity of government would relax : and that more than justice, that 
gratitude, would blaze forth upon these hands, which had upheld her in the darkest stages of her 
passage from impending servitude to acknowledged independence. 

But faith has its limits as well as temper; and there are points beyond which neither can be 
stretched without sinking into cowardice or plunging into credulity. This, my friends, I conceive 
to be your situation ; hurried to the very verge of both, another step would ruin you for ever. To 
be tame and unprovoked, when injuries press hard upon you, is more than weakness ; but to look 
up for kinder usage, without one manly effort of your own, would fix your character, and show the 
world how richly you deserve those chains you broke. To guard against this evil, let us take a 
review of the ground upon which we now stand, and from thence carry our thoughts forward for 
a moment into the unexplored field of expedient. 

After a pursuit of seven long years, the object for which we set out is at length brought within 
our reach. Yes, my friends, that suffering courage of yours was active once : it has conducted the 
United States of America through a doubtful bloody war; it has placed her in the chair of inde- 
pendency, and peace returns to bless — whom ? A country willing to redress your wrongs, cherish 
your worth, and reward your services? A country courting your return to private life, with tears 
of gratitude and smiles of admiration, longing to divide with you that independency which your 
gallantry has given, and those riches which your wounds have preserved.'' Is this the case? Or is 
it rather a country that tramples upon your rights, disdains your cries, and insults your distresses ? 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 



107 



Have you not more than once suggested your wishes, and made known your wants to Congress, 
wants and wishes, which gratitude and policy should have anticipated rather than evaded? 

And have you not lately, in the weak language of entreating memorials, begged from their 
justice, what you could no longer expect from their favor ? How have you been answered ? Let 
the letter which you are called to consider to-morrow, make reply. 

If this then be your treatment, while the swords you wear are necessary for the defence of 
America, what have you to expect from peace, when your voice shall sink, and your strength 
dissipate by division ; when those very swords, the instruments and companions, of your glory, 
shall be taken from your sides, and no remaining mark of military distinction left but your wants, 
infirmities, and scars ? Can you then consent to be the only sufferers by this revolution, and, re- 
tiring from the field grow old in poverty, wretchedness, and contempt ? Can you consent to wade 
through the vile mire of despondency and owe the miserable remnant of that life to charity, which 
has hitherto been spent in honor? If you can, go, and carry with you the jest of Tories, and the 
scorn of Whigs : the ridicule, and what is worse, the pity of the world ! 

Go, starve and be forgotten ! But if your spirits should revolt at this ; if you have sense enough 
to discover and spirit sufficient to oppose tyranny, under whatever garb it may assume, whether 
it be the plain coat of republicanism, or the splendid robe of royalty ; if you have yet learned to 
discriminate between a people and a cause, between men and principles : awake, attend to your 
situation, and redress yourselves! If the present moment be lost, every future effort is in vain; 
and your threats then will be as empty as your entreaties now. 

I would advise you, therefore, to come to some final opinion upon what you can bear, and what 
you will suffer. If your determination be in any proportion to your wrongs, carry your appeal from 
the justice to the fears of government. Change the milk-and-water style of your last memorial. 
Assume a bolder tone, decent, but lively, spirited and determined : and suspect the man, who would 
advise to more moderation and longer forbearance. Let two or three men, who can feel as well as 
write, be appointed to draw up your last reinonsirance, for I would no longer give it the suing, 
soft, unsuccessful epithet of memorial. Let it represent in language, that will neither dishonor you 
by its rudeness, nor betray you by its fears, what has been promised by Congress, and what has 
been performed : how long and how patiently you have suffered ; how little you have asked, and 
how much of that little has been denied. 

Tell them, that, though you were the first and would wish to be the last, to encounter danger, 
though despair itself can never drive you into dishonor, it may drive you from the field : that the 
wound, often irritated and never healed, may at length become 'incurable: and that the slightest 
mark of indignity from Congress now must operate like the grave, and part you for ever: that, in 
any poHtical event, the army has its alternative of peace, that nothing shall separate you from 
your arms but death: if war, that courting the auspices, and inviting the direction of your illustri- 
ous leader, you will retire to some unsettled country, smile in your turn " and mock when their 
fear cometh on." But let it represent, also, that should they comply with the request of your 
late memorial, it would make you more happy and them respectable : that, while war should con- 
tinue, you would follow their standard into the field : and when it came to an end, you would with- 
draw into the shade of private life, and give the world another subject of wonder and applause; an 
army victorious over its enemies, victorious over itself. 

In consequence of the circulation of these papers, the subsequent orders were issued March 11. 

GENERAL ORDERS 

The Commander in chief, having heard that a general meeting of the officers of the army was pro- 
posed to be held this day at the New Building, in an anonymous paper, which was circulated yes- 
terday, by some unknown person, conceives (although he is fully persuaded that the good sense of 
the officers would induce them to pay very little attention to such irregular invitation) his duty, 
as well as the reputation and true interest of the army, requires his disapprobation of such disor- 
derly proceedings : at the same time he requests, that the general and field officers, with one officer 
from each company, and a proper representation of the staff of the army, will assemble at twelve 



io8 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

o'clock on Saturday next at the New Building, to hear the report of the committee of the army to 
Congress. 

After mature deliberation they will devise what further measures ought to be adopted, as most 
rational, and best calculated to attain the just and important object in view. 

The Senior officer in rank present will be pleased to preside, and report the result of their 
deliberations to the Commander in chief. 

SECOND ANONYMOUS ADDRESS TO THE OFFICERS OF THE ARMY 

Gentlemen. 

The author of a late address, anxious to deserve, though he should fail to engage your esteem, 
and determined at every risk to unfold your duty and discharge his own, would beg leave to solicit 
the further indulgence of a few moments' attention. 

Aware of the coyness with which his last letter would be received, he feels himself neither dis- 
appointed nor displeased with the caution it has met. He well knew, that it spoke a language, 
which till now had been heard only in whispers : and that it contained some sentiments, which con- 
fidence itself would have breathed with distrust. 

But their lives have been short, and their observations imperfect indeed, who have yet to 
learn, that alarms may be false : that the best designs are sometimes obliged to assume the worst 
aspect : and that, however synonymous surprise and disaster may be in military phrase, in moral and 
political meaning they convey ideas as different as they are distinct. Suspicion, detestable as it is 
in private life, is the loveliest trait of political characters. It prompts you to inquiry, bars the door 
against design, and opens every avenue to truth. It was the first to oppose a tyrant here, and still 
stands sentinel over the liberties of America. With this belief, it would ill become me to stifle the 
voice of this honest guardian : a guardian who (authorized by circumstances digested into proof) has 
herself given birth to the address you have read, and now goes forth among you, with a request to 
all, that it may be treated fairly : that it be considered, before it be abused, and condemned, before 
it be tortured : convinced that, in a search after error, truth will appear ; that apathy itself will 
grow warm in the pursuit, though it will be the last to adopt her advice, it will be the first to act 
upon it. 

The General Orders of yesterday which the weak may mistake for disapprobation, and the de- 
signing dare to represent as such, wear in my opinion a very different complexion, and carries with 
it a very opposite tendency. 

Till now, the Commander in chief has regarded the steps you have taken for redress with good 
wishes alone : his ostensible silence has authorized your meetings, and his private opinion has sanc- 
tified your claims. Had he disliked the object in view, would not the same sense of duty, which 
forbade you from meeting on the third day of the week, have forbidden you from meeting on the 
seventh? Is not the same subject held up for your discussion, and has it not passed the seal of 
office, and taken all the solemnity of an order? This will give system to j^our proceedings, and 
stability to your resolves. It will ripen speculation into fact ; and, while it adds to the unanimity, 
it cannot possibly lessen the independency of your sentiments. It may be necessary to add upon 
this subject, that, from the injunction with which the General Orders close, every man is at liberty to 
conclude, that the report to be made to Head Quarters is intended for Congress. Hence will arise 
another motive for that energy, which has been recommended. For can you give the lie to the 
pathetic descriptions of your representations, and the more alarming predictions of your friends ? 

To such, as make a want of signature an objection to opinion, I reply, that it matters very 
little who is the author of sentiments which grow out of 3-our feelings, and apply to your wants : 
that in this instance diffidence suggested what experience enjoins : and, that, while I continue to 
move on the high road of argument and advice, which is open to all, I shall continue to be the sole 
confidant of my own secret. But should the time come, when it shall be necessary to depart from 
this general line, and hold up any individual among you as an object of the resentment or con- 
tempt of the rest, I thus publicly pledge my honor as a soldier, and veracit^^ as a man, that I will 
assume a visible existence, and give my name to the army, with as little reserve as I now give my 
opinions. 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 



109 



Conformably to the notifications given in the General Orders of the 11"' a meeting of the offi- 
cers was held on the 15'*' at the hour and place appointed. General Gates as the senior officer pre- 
sided. The meeting was opened by the Commander in chief, who read the following. 

GENERAL WASHINGTON'S ADDRESS 

(as given by Rufus Lincoln, page g6 ante). 

After reading the address the Commander in chief retired, and the following resolutions were 
adopted : — 

" On motion made by Genl Knox, and seconded by Genl Putnam." 

" Resolved. That the unanimous thanks of the army be presented to his Excellency, the Com- 
mander in chief, for his excellent address, and the communications he has been pleased to make to 
them : and to assure him, that the officers reciprocate his affectionate expressions, with the greatest 
sincerity of which the human heart is capable." 

" The Address from the Army to Congress, the report of the Committee from the Army, and 
the resolutions of Congress of the 25"' January being read, on a motion by Gen' Putnam, sec- 
onded by General Hand. 

" Voted. That a Committee be appointed immediately to draw up some resolutions expressive 
of the business before us, and report in half an hour : that the Committee consist of one general, one 
field officer, and one captain. 

" That General Knox, Col. Brooks,^ and Captain Howard, compose said Committee. 

" The report of the Committee having been brought in and fully considered. 

" Resolved, unanimously. That at the commencement of the present war, the officers of the 
American Army engaged in the service of their country from the purest love and attachment to the 
rights and Uberties of human nature; which motives still exist in the highest degree ; and that no 
circumstance of distress or danger shall induce a conduct, that may tend to sully the reputation and 
glory, which they have acquired at the price of their blood and eight years of faithful services. 

" Resolved unanimously, That the army continue to have an unshaken confidence in the justice 
of Congress and their country, and are fully convinced, that the representatives of America will not 
disband nor disperse the army until their accounts are liquidated, the balances accurately ascer- 
tained, and adequate funds established for payment. And, in this arrangement the officers expect 
that the half pay, or commutation of it, should be efficaciously comprehended. 

*' Resolved unanimously. That his Excellency the Commander in chief be requested to write to 
his Excellency the President of Congress, earnestly entreating the more speedy decision of that 
honourable body upon the subject of our late address, which was forwarded by a committee of the 
army, some of whom are waiting upon Congress for the result. In the alternative of peace or war, 
this event would be highly satisfactory, and would produce immediate tranquillity in the minds of 
the army, and prevent any further machinations of designing men to sow discord between the civil 
and military powers of the United States. 

" Resolved unanimously, That the officers of the American Army view with abhorrence, and reject 
with disdain, the infamous propositions contained in a late anonymous address to the officers of the 
army, and resent with indignation the secret attempts of some unknown persons to collect the offi- 
cers together in a manner totally subversive of all discipline and good order. 

" Resolved unanimously. That the thanks of the officers of the army be given to the committee 
who presented to Congress the late address of the army, for the wisdom and prudence with which 
they have conducted that business : and that a copy of the proceedings of this day be transmitted 
by the President to Major-General McDougall, and that he be requested to continue his solicitation 
at Congress until the objects of his mission are accomplished." 

These proceedings were signed by Gen' Gates as president of the meeting, and on the iS"" the 
approbation of General Washington was expressed in public orders, as follows: — 

" The Commander in chief is highly satisfied with the report of the proceedings of the officers 

1 Colonel of the 7th Mass., the Regiment of which Rufus Lincoln was Captain of the Fourth Company. 



no PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

assembled on the 15"' instant, in obedience to the order of the 11"'. He begs his inability to com- 
municate an adequate idea of the pleasing feelings, which have been excited in his breast by the 
affectionate sentiments expressed towards him on that occasion, may be considered as an apology 
for his silence." 

The results of the proceedings and the above papers were transmitted to Congress, and the 
doings of that body on the subject of the complaints of the army may be seen in the Journals under 
date of March 22, 1783. The anonymous notification and addresses were circulated among the 
officers in manuscript. The originals were carried by a major, who was a deputy inspector under 
Baron Steuben, to the adjutant-general's office, where every morning there assembled aides-de- 
camp, majors of brigades, and adjutants of regiments, all of whom, that chose to do so, took copies 
and circulated them. The above letters, etc., are copied from the Journal of Congress, and may be 
considered authentic. Among the transcribers was the adjutant of the general's guard, who probably 
furnished the copy sent to Congress as above. 



Head Quarters Newburgh June 2"' 1783 

[30] The honourable the Congrefs have been pleased to pafs the followwing Re- 
folves. By the United States in Congrefs afsmbeled on motion Refolved. 

That the Commander in Cheif be instructed to grant furloughs to noncom- 
mifsioned officers and Solders in the Service of the united States inlisted to Serve 
during the war who Shall be discharged as Soon as the difinitive treaty of peace is 
concluded, to gether with a proportinable number of commifsioned officers of diffir- 
ant grades and that the Secerety at war and the Commander in Cheif take proper 
meafures [31] for conducting those troops to their respective homes, in Such a man- 
ner as may be most convenent to themselves and the States through which they 
pafs, and and that the men thus furloughd be allowed to take their arms with them. 

In consequence of the preseding resolution Colonels and commadants of Reg*^ 
and corps will immeaditly make returns of the number of the men who will be 
entitled to furloughs, to the Commanding officers of the Several State lines, who 
will make report thereof to Head Quarters at the Same time returns are to be made 
of the [32] Noncommifsioned officers and privats who will not be included in the 
above discription these returns must be made to comport with the muster rolls, 
with which they will be compared with at the inspecters office. 

A sufficeent number of officers of the Several grades, to command the troops who 
will remain in the field must continue with them they are requisted to make this a 
matter of agreement among them selves, the commanding officers of lines will Super- 
intend and endever to accomodate the businefs to the Satisfaction of all consernd 

The pay masters of Regiments [33] and such other officers in each as may be 
appointed to act as a Regimental agent for the occation will also remain with the army 
to aid in the Settelment of accounts, the paymasters and agents having attended the 
complition of the buifnefs, will distrebute the results of the Settelments agreeable to 
the inftructions they may Receive from the officers of the Corps 

The QMafler Gen^ will have a Suffiant number of furlougs provided as Soon as 
may be. 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 



lit 



The commander in chief wishes to give every filicety in his pov^er towards car- 
rying the [34] proposed measures in to effect with as great convenence and Satis- 
faction to the troops as pofsibele — for this purpose the contractors are directed to 
lay up adequeate Supplies of provision at the Several posts and places on the rout 
where it will be necefsary. 

Generals and commanding officers of lines will be pleased to make the intire 
arangments for marching the troops of their respective States to their homes — 
they will receive further instructions on the Subject, 

The commander in chief is pleased, to grant a full and free pardon to all non- 
commifsioned officers and privats now in confinment and they are to be liberated 
accordingly 



[35] My Watch which I had of Solomon Dun made by John Stroud No 235 
London R Lincoln 



Taunton Ocf 4*^ 1788, — Rec<^ of Minor Sprague A due Bill on David Carver for 
one pound three Shillings to be paid in goods out of his Shop directed to pay Gen^ 
Cobb for Doctring him out of S*^ Bill, which was 5/6*^ to pay to hannah Sprague 
12/ — Remains due to P. Sprague 5/6**. pr. Rufus Lincoln 



March 21^^ 1789 this day Setteled with Cap* Burt and he Says that one third part 
of the five thousand of Shingels that was put on Board the Sloop Policy belongs 
to me 



[36] 



Feby 10*'^ 1789 
Feby 18*^ 
May nth 

22*" 



>th 



,th 



June 10 



June 2G^ 1789 



Cate Burt 



D-^ 



to giting your Shoes mended 

to one pair of Shoes 

to 2j^ yards of taste 

to Six yards of druant 2/6"^ pr yard 

to Six yards of whitned toe Cloath 1/8 pr yd 

to paying mary Briggs for making a gound 

and an hat 
to two yards of of Striped Cloath 

Now due to Cate Burt ^fi^ 



£ 



s 








4 











15 





10 





3 





4 
17 


I 



112 



[37] 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 
Maj'' H: Baylis to Rufus Lincoln D"^ 



date 


Sept 2th 


1788 


Ocf 


1 6th 
17th 




Ocf 


29th 




Nov' 


22th 




Nov 


26th 





to fourteen pounds and an half of Lam at 

3^>^ pr pound 
to Eight feet of wood delivred to M"" Mabery 
to thirty two pounds of Pork at /4^ pr pound 
to Seven feet of wood Delivered to M'' Mabery 
to Six feet & an half of wood DelH to M"" Mabery 
to three feet of wood Delivered to M"^ Mabary 






4 





8 





17 





7 





6 





3 



[38] June 6th i^gg 
this day left a Note I had againft Capt John Fuller with Joseph Winslow of Free- 
town 
paid Samuel Paul 3V for pauftering my Colt 



[39] 



John Reid 2^ to Rufus Lincoln D^ 



£ 



Ocf^ 15th 1787 
Dec"" 

Aprl 1788 
June 27th 



to one buishel an half of Rye 

to one Load of wood delivered by Sa"^ Cod- 
ding 2^ 

to one Coard of wood at 

to half A Cord of Wood 

to three pecks of Rye 

to two Shillings paid towards the Schole hous 

Jany. 14th 1789 

the above account was Setteled and found 
due to S^ Reed thirteen Shillings & 
three pence 

Rufus Lincoln 






6 





5 





10 





5 





3 





2 



[40] 



■ Samuel Triscott to Rufus Lincoln 



D' 



June 12th 1787 
June 30th 


to twenty fix pounds an half of Veal at 1/3^^ 

pr pound 
to twelve pounds of Veal at 3^^/ pr pound 


I 








s 

6 
3 


d 

7 


Nov 12th 1789 
DeC^ 2 


Nathaniel Lincoln D"" 

to one load of wood & my oxen to woork one 

day 
to one Cyder Barril 


s 

3 


d 
6 





[41] 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 
William Coddins: To Rufus Lincoln 



D^ 



"3 



Jay 17^'^ 1787 



June 30*^ 1787 



April lo^h 1788 
Feby 10* 1789 
May 6th 



June 6^^ 
Aug. 1789 
Octr 29* 



to one hundred of pine Boards 

June 26''^ 1787 the above account was Settled 



Nathanil Lincoln 



D'- 



to Eleven pounds & three Quarters of veal 

to one pigg 6'^/2 a pound 

to Eight pounds of ten peny Nails 

to two days planting of Corn 

to one peck of Sead Corn 

to half A day, planting potaters 

to forteen pounds and an of Veal /2'^j4 pr lb 

to one Calf Skin 

to hard Cash 

to hard Cash 



£ 


s 


d 





6 





£ 


s 


d 





3 








3 








4 








5 








I 








I 


3 





3 


7 





3 


8 





18 








6 






[42] 



Elifha Briggs to Rufus Lincoln 



D"^ 



Nov 13th 1786 

14 . 6 
13 . II 


to one Quarter of Beef 

April 28th 1787 

this day Recokned & Setled Elisha Briggs 
and Rufus Lincoln all accounts and found 
due to S"^ Lincoln four Shillings & Six 
pence as witnes our hands 

Elifha Brggs 


£ 


£ 







s 

18 

s 

2 
4 

3 
4 

14 


d 
9 


7 




May 15th 1787 

Augt 
Novr 12th 


Elisha Briggs to Rufus Lincoln D*" 

to Seven pecks of Potataters at 1/6^^ pr 

bushiel 
to one Bucshel of Rye 
to fifteen pounds of Beef 3^/ pr pound 
Balance due when Recokned 


d 

3 


9 
6 

6 




Jany 3^^ 1789 then Reckned Elisha Briggs 
and Rufus Lincoln and found due to S'^ 
Lincoln Seven pence 

Elifha Briggs 





114 



[43] 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 
Capt Fullors Creadit 



June 1781 



to Sunderys of Cloathng Rec"^ of Lt Samson 
which he took A Recept in Capt Fullors 
name the amount according to S"^ Fullors 
account 

Ballance due 



June 27th 1788 
Rec"^ of Elkanah Tisdul twenty two pounds 
of flax Recckned at "j^ pr pound 



5 
9 


s 

I 

18 


14 


19 



[44] 



Samuel Porter to Rufus Lincoln 



D' 



July 


nth JJ785 


■*-> 


to one pound four Shillings paid to John 

Briggs for Rates 
Nov'' 14th 1785 the above account was Settled 

R Lincoln 




s 


May 8th j y^j 

Samuel Triscott to veal I2^h three Quarters 
at 3"^ pr pound 




May iQth 1788 

my Colt went to pauster to Samuel Pall^ 
Barkley 



£ 

I 


s 
4 


d 



£ 



s 
8 


d 

2 







[45] 



Nathan Cobb to Rufus Lincoln 



D' 



July nth i-r3^ 



to one pound four Shillings paid to John 

Briggs for Rates 
April 26th J >787 the above account was Settled 



April 26th 1787 Nathan Cobb Creadit to 

Seting two Shoes 
June 20th 1787 to Sundrey 



£ 

I 

£ 





s 
4 

s 



2 



DIARY NUMBER FIVE 115 

[46] Feby 1784 

John Reid Jr to Rufus Lincoln Dr 
for my hors to Dighton 



May 12th 1784 
George Tisdil to Rufus Lincoln 
D'" to half a baril of flower 
£, s. d. Rufus Lincoln 
o 



May 27* 1784 
my hors went to M'' fish's pauster 



June 24th 1784 
my hors went in to Cap^ Tubbs pauster 



26 26 

13 12 



For Value Rec*^ ^'^ 52 

I promis to pay 26 26 

to Rufus Lincoln 160/338 |_2 312 2 

on order fifty 320 320 
pounds thre months 18 

after date & intrest it being for value Rece^ 

Witness my hand 



BOOK SIX 



This petition shows plainly the shameful manner in which Congress treated the Continental 
soldiers; neglected, starved, half clothed, either not paid at all or in a currency almost worthless, 
it is no wonder they nearly revolted, but a greater that they held firm and loyal to the cause. 

General Washington did all that he could, and his address and tact, particularly in the time 
of trouble at New Windsor, turned the tables upon the conspirators, and won back the troops. This 
is the Memorial mentioned to Congress, which went unanswered, the bearers being kept waiting 
until their patience and that of the troops was exhausted. 



DIARY NUMBER SIX 

THE PETITION OF THE ARMY AT NEW WINDSOR TO CONGRESS 

[1] To the United States in Congrefs afsembled 

The Addrefs and petition of the officers of their army most humbly Sheweth — 

That we, the officers of your faithful army, in beholf of our Selves and our 
Brethren the Solders, beg leave, with all Proper deference and respect, freely to 
state to Congrefs the Supream power of the United States, the great distrefs under 
which we labor. 

At this period of the war, it is with peculiar pain that we find ourselves con- 
strained to addrefs your august Body on matters of a pecunary nature. We have 
Struggled with our difficulties year after year, under the hope that each would be 
the last. But we have been disappointed. — We find our embarrafsments thicken 
so fast and have becom So Complect, that many of us can go no further. 

In this exigency we apply to Congrefs for relief as our Head and Sovereign. 
To prove that our hardships are exceedingly disproportioned to them of any other 
Citizens of America, let a recurrances be had to the pay masters accompts for four 
years past. If to this it Should be objected, that the respective States have made 
Settelments and given Securities for the pay due for part of that time, let the pre- 
sent value of those nominal obligations be asertained by the monied men, and they 
will be found to be worth little indeed, and yet triffling as they are, many have been 
under the Sad nefsceety of parting with them, to prevent their familes from actually 
Starving. We complain that Shadowes have been offered to us, while the Substance 
has been gleaned by every person bearing the mark of civil authority throughout 
the United States, our situation Compels us to seearch for the cause of our extream 
poverty. The Citizens murmer at the greatnefs of their Taxes, and are astonished 
that no part reaches the Army, The numerous demands which are between the first 
Collecters and [2] and the Soldiery, Swallows up the whole 

Our diftrefses are now brought to a point. — We have borne all that men Can 
bear our property is expended our privat recourses are at an end — and our friends 
are wearied out and disgusted with our incefsent applications. We therefore most 
Seriously and earnestly urge that a Supply of money be forwared to the army as 
soon as posable. 

The uneasinefs of the Solders for want of pay, is great and dangerous — any 
further experiments on their patience may have fatal effectes. 

The promised Subsistance or Ration of provision Consists of certain Articels 
Specified in kind and quantity. — This Ration without regard, that we can conceive, 
to the health of the Troops has been frequently altered, as necefsity or convenience 
Suggested, Generally losing by the change Some part of its Substance, — on an 
average not more than Seven or eight tenths have been ifsued. 

The retained parts were for a Short time paid for, but the businefs beame 



120 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

troublesome to those who were to regulate it. For this or Some other Reason all 
regard to those dues, as they respected the Solders, has been discontinued / now 
and then a triffiling gratutity excepted /. as those dues respected the officers, they 
were compensated, during one year and part of another, by an extra ration, as to 
the retained rations, the account for Several years remains unseteled there is a large 
balance due upon it. — and a considerable Sum on that of forage. The cloathing 
was another part of the Solders hire, the arrearages on that Score for the year 1779, 
were paid off in Continantal money, when that dollar was worth about four pence. 
The arrearages for the following years are Unliquidated, and we apprehend Scarcily 
thought of but by the Army 

Whenever there has been a real want of meanes any defect in Systemes, or 
neglet in exeution, in the departments of the Army, we have invarably been the 
Suffers, by hunger and nakednefs — by excefsive and unreasonable labor and by 
languishment in an Hospittal 

[3] We beg leave to urge an immediate adjustment of all dues. That as great a 
part as posible be paid and the remander put on such a footing, as will restore chear- 
fulnefs to the Army, revive confidence in the Justice and generosity of its constitu- 
entes and contribute to the very desirable effect of reeestablishing public Credit. 

We are Grived to find that our Brothern who retired from Service on half pay, 
under the resolution of Congrefs in 1780; are not only destitute of any effectual 
provision, but are become the Objects of Obloquy. There condition has a very 
discouring aspect on us, who must Sooner or later retire, and from consideration of 
Justice gratitude and policey demand attention & redrefs. 

W§ regard the act of Congrefs respecting half pay, as an honorable and Just 
recom pence for Sevral years hard Service, in which the Health and fortunes of the 
officers have been worn down and exhausted. We See, with chagrin, the odious 
point of view in which the citizens of too many of the States endever to place the 
men intitled to it we hope for the honour of human nature, that thoe are none So 
hardned in the Sin of ingratitude as to deny the justis of the reward. 

We have reason to believe that the objection generaly is against the mode only 
— To prevent therefore any altercations and distenctions which may tend to injure 
that harmony, which we ardently disre may reign throughout the community, we are 
willing on our parts, to commete the half pay pledged, for full pay for a certain num- 
ber of years or for a Sum in grofs, as Shall be agreed to by the committe Sent with 
this Addrefs. 

In this, we pray that the Solders who were the Subject of the Resolv of Con- 
grefs of may be fully Comprehended. 

To the representation now made the army hav not a doubt that Congrefs will pay 
all that attention which the Serious nature of it requirers — It would be criminal in 
the officers to conseal the general difsatisfaction which prevales, and is gaining 
Ground in the army ; from the presure of evels and Injuries, [4] which in the course 
of Seven long years have made their Situation in many instances wretched. 

They therefore intreeat that, to obeiate any ill consequunces, which may arise 
from a dependance on the futer forebarance of the army, to convence the Solders and 
the world that, the independence of America Shall not be placed on the ruins of any 
particular clafs of citzens. Some mode may be pointed out for immediate relief. 



CAPT LINCOLN COMPANY BOOK 

Oct 6^^ 178 1 



This is the retained copy, kept by Captain Rufus Lincoln, of the papers sent to Headquarters. 

It gives the names of his men, their ratings, Court-Martials, condition, quantity and quahty of 
their equipment, and how poor and scanty it must have been from the records. It gives each 
Monthly Report, Inspection, etc., and an individual account with each man. The stealing and 
selHngof some of the equipment subjected a man to a more severe penalty than desertion, as wit- 
ness the penalties under the Court. 

The book is in perfect condition, is well and strongly bound, size of pages 8 by 12 inches, of 
1 1 5 double numbered pages. 

EXPLANATION OF TERMS IN EQUIPMENT LISTS 



W. Overalls 
L. Overalls 
H. Shirts 
S Buckels 
H. Tents 
C. Tents 
W. Tents 
Marquees 
Cov'd Kittils 
C. Kittils 
W. Bolles 
H. Sacks 
K. Sacks 
Portmanters 
Potrmantes 
Portmantues 

B. Belts 
S. Belts 

C. Boxes 
G. Slings 



Woolen Overalls 




A. Slings 


Linen Overalls 




Wormes 


Hunting Shirts 




S. Drivers 


Shoe Buckles 






Horseman's Tents 




B&Wires 


Common Tents 






WaU Tents 




Vallinces 


Officers Tents 




Valuns 


Covered Kettles 




Valleaces 


Common Kettles 






Wooden Bowls 






Haversacks 




Esponts 


Knapsacks 




Espontoons 


( A leather case for 


carrying clothes 


Spontoons 


/ behind a saddle 


(saddle-bags) 




Bayonet Belt 




Piggins 


Sword Belt 




Biggins 


Cartridge Box 




F. Locks 


Gun Sling 




Musquettes 



Axe Sling 

Gun worm for drawing a charge 

Screwdriver 

( Brushes for cleaning the gun, and 
< the wire for pricking the vent in 
( the pan 

Bed curtains, or draperies ? 

( A kind of lance or half halbard, 
I formerly serving as the distin- 
guishing arm for certain officers 
of the British Army, and for the 
same purpose in the Continental 
Army. Also a lance used for 
signaling 

A small wooden bowl 
Flintlock muskets 



Where folio numbers are missing, the pages are blank in original. 
Pages 50-105 are taken up with the men's individual accounts. 



THE COMPANY BOOK 

[Fly Leaf] 

James Ramond taken Prifoner Ocf 17*^"^ 8y [1787] 

John Putnum & Ifaac Cady was Tranffared Jany. the 24^^ 1782 to the Light In- 
fantry 

Nathaniel Bourn & John Oniel Deserted Mout — 



Corp^ Evens Squad 
Noah Eaton 
Nathan Fullar 
James Willes 
Ifrael Smith 
John Kimbil 
Joel Lakan 
Joel Suckermug 
John Muckford 
Thomas Spencer 
Simeon Ricker 
Mofes Tylor 



[a] 
Squad Roll Cap* Lincobf Comp" 

Corpi Grayham Squad 
Solomon Goodail 
Soil bury Hitchman 
Shubal Bailey 
Jofeph Bates 
Elijah Bruce 
Owens Lovel 
Peter Nichols 
George Rofs 
Jofeph Williames 
Benjiman Stephens 
Mofes Johnfton 



Corp^ Winsor 
Edmond Cafey 
Samuel Dale 
Ebne^ Demasque 
Abner Ellit 
Na* Johnfton 
Bej"! Perry 
Noah Villas 
Japhat Wood 
Calib Wood 
William Biglow 
Ralph ODaniel 



Sise Roll of Cap* Lincolns Company 7'* Mafs. Regt 



Names 


feet 


inchs 


No 






I Suckermug 


6 


— 


2 Williames 




10 


3 Ricker 


5 — 


9 


4 Bailey — 




9 


5 C. Wood — 


C 


9 


6 Smith — 


C 


9 


7 Rofs — 




9 


8 Goodail — 




8 



Names 



No. 

20 Atwood - 

21 Ellit — 

22 Fullar — 

23 Eaton — 

24 Lovell — 

25 Spencer 

26 Kimbil 

27 Bruce — 



feet 


Inches 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


6 


5 — 


5 


5 — 


4 



124 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



Names 


feet 


inchs 


Names 


feet 


Inches 


9 C Perry — 


5_ 


8 


28 Villas 


5_ 


4 


10 Dale — 




8 


29 Perry — 


5 — 


3 


1 1 Johnfton — 




8 


30 Nichols — 


5 — 


3 


12 Soward 


5 — 


8 


31 Tylor — 


5 — 


2 


13 Willis — 


5 — 


8 


32 Demafque 


5 — 


2 


14 Bates — 


5 — 


8 


33 Lakan — 


c 


2 


15 Muckford 


5 — 


7 


34 J. Wood 


c 


I 


16 Stephens 


5 — 


7 








17 Biglow 


5 — 


7 








18 Hitchman 


5 — 


6 








19 Casey 


5 — 


6 









ist 

4th 

6th 
7th 
gth 



II 



th 



12 



th 



Page Sise Roll of the Company 

Regefler of Furlougs Granted 

Regefter of men Tryed by Court Marfhall 

Regefter of men Dead and Difcharged 

Regefter of men Deferted 

General Account of Clothing 

Account of Camp Equipage on the D"" Side is to be entred the articles Rec"^ 

and from whoom with the Dates on the Cor^ Side the articles Delivered 

and to Whome as Delivered the Company Returned to the Quarter Mafter 

or Loft by nelegt &c 

Account of arms Amminifion &c this to be kept in the Same manner as the 

Proceding 

the Space kept to page 57 is to Enter Copies of all Returns in the Same 

form that they are maid out in 



57*h Accounts muft be opned for Each man with the Dates on the C"" Side is 
Entred what became of the articals 



Example 
L : Synefies loft : W : wornout : So : Sold : St Stolen 



R. Lincoln 



COMPANY BOOK 125 

[C] 

April 30^h 1782 Return'i to Q. Matter i Gun i Bayonate 30 Cartrages 9 Balls 



7 flents 



Squad Roll of Cap' Lincohis Company July 5'" 1782 



Sergt Tillys Squad 

1 Noah Eaton 

2 Nathan Fullar 

3 James Willis 

4 Shubal Bailey 

5 Ifrael Smith 

6 John Kimbil 

7 Joel Lakan 

8 Joel Suckermug 

9 John Muckford 

10 Thomas Spencer 

1 1 Amma Dunham 



Corp^ Evens Squad 

1 Simeon Ricker 

2 Mofes Tylar 

3 Solomon Goodail 

4 Jofeph Bates 

5 Solfbury Hitchman 

6 Elijah Bruce 

7 Owens Lovell 

8 Peter Nichols 

9 George Rofs 

10 Jofeph Williames 

11 Jeduthun Dickinfon 



Corpi Grayham Squad 

1 Benjaman Stephens 

2 Edmond Cafey 

3 Samuel Dale 

4 Ebnezer Demafque 

5 Abner Elht 

6 Nathanil Johnfton 

7 Benjamin Perry 

8 Noah Villas 

9 Moses Johnfton 



10 Ralph ODanil 



Corp' Winfor Squad 

1 Caleb Wood 

2 William Biglow 
I Mofes Johnfton 

Ralph ODaniel 

5 Jefse Atwood 

6 Japhat Wood 

7 Jabez Jolley 

8 Sebre Simmons 

9 Jofhua Packard 

10 William Henderfon 

1 1 William Bracey 



126 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



[d] 



Names 


No Knap 


Names 


No K. Sack 


Serg* Simmons 


I 


Mofes Johnfton 


39 


Sergt Tilly 


2 


Ralph ODaniel 


28 


Corp^ Evens 


3 


Willam Henderson 


29 


Corp^ Grayham 


4 


Corp^ Winsor 


5 


Drum Jolley 


Drum 


Joshua Packard 




Fifer Tyler 


37 


Jeduthun Dickinson 




P Eaton 


26 


William Bracey 




N. Fuller 


25 


Amma Dunham 




Willis 


lO 


Raymond 




Suckermug 


35 


Barrows 




Goodail 


38 


Barney 




C. Perry 




F. Fuller 




Hitchman 


33 


Hutchins 




Atwood 


34 


F. Wood 




Baley 


15 






Bates 


22 






Bruce 


9 






Bigelow 


18 






Cafey 


II 






Dale 


36 






Demafque 


7 






Ellit 


17 






Johnfton 


6 






Lovell 


12 






Muckford 


24 






Nichols 


31 






B. Perry 


19 






Rofs 


27 






So ward 


49 






S. Simmons 


fife 






Villas 


14 






Spencer 


16 






Willson 








Williames 


21 






Ricker 


13 






Stephens 


20 






C. Wood 


30 






Kimbill 


23 






J Lakan 


8 






Ji Smith 


12 







COMPANY BOOK 

[e] 
Squad Roll of Cap* Lincoln Company Aug* 2" 82 



127 



Sergt Tillys Squad 




Corp^ 


Corpi j^Qfs 




Serg ^ Evens Squad 


I Noah Eaton 


I 


Simeom Ricker 28 


2 Nathan Fullar 


2 


Mofes Tylor 


3 James Willis 


3 


Solomon Goodail 


4 Shubal Bailey 


4 


Jofeph Bates 


5 ISrael Smith 


5 


Solsbury Hitchman 


6 John Kimbil 


6 


Elijah Bruce 


7 Joel Lakan 27 


7 


Owens Lovell 


, 8 Joel Suckermug 


8 


Peter Nichols 


9 John Muckford Oc*'' 9 


9 


George Rofs .Promoted 


10 Thomas Spencer Ocf 13 


10 


Joseph Williames 


1 1 Amma Dunham 


II 


Jeduthun Dickinson 


12 Henry Willson 






Serg* Cottels Squad 




Corpi Grayham^ Squad 


Corp^ Winsors Squad 


I Benji" Stephens Ocf 9 


I 


Caleb Wood 


2 Edmond Casey Ocf 16 


2 


William Biglow 


3 Samuel Dale 


3 


Jefse Atwood 


4 Ebnezer Demasque 28 S 


4 


Japhat Wood 


5 Abner Ellit 13 


5 


Jabez Jolley 


6 Nathanil Johnston 


6 


Sebre Simmons 


7 Benjm Perry Ocf 20 


7 


Joshua Packard 


8 Noah Villas 


8 


William Henderson 


9 Mofes Johnston Deferted 


9 


William Bracey 


10 Ralph ODanil 


10 


Cutting Bagley 


II William Betterley 


II 


William Conn 




12 


Ezra Allen 



128 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



Names 


No 
K Sack 


Names 


No 

K Sacks 




Sergt Simmons 


I 


Stephens 


20 




Serg' Tilley 


2 


C. Wood 


30 




Corp' Evens 


3 


Kimbil 


23 




Corp' Grayham 


4 


Lakan 


8 




Corp' Winsor 


5 


Smith 


32 




Drum Jolley 




M. Johnfton 


39 


Deferted Aug* 22<i 82 [1782] 


Fifer Simmons 




Danil 


28 




N. Eaton Q 


26 


Henderson 


29 




N. Fullar 


25 


Packard 






Willis 


lO 


Dickinson 






Suckermug 


35 


Bracey 






Goodail 


38 


Dunham 






C. Perry 




Bagley 






Hitchman 


33 


Betterley 






Atwood 


34 


Will'" Conn 




Joind leti^ Sept '32 


Bailey 


15 


Henry Willson 






Bates 


22 


Japhat Wood 






Bruce 


9 


Ezra Allin 




Joind Nov'' 5*^^ 82 


Biglow 


i8 








Cafey 


II 








Dale 


36 








Demasque 


7 








Ellit 


17 








N. Johnfton 


6 








Lovell 


12 








Muckford 


24 








Nichols 


31 








B. Perry 


19 








Rofs 


27 








So ward 


40 








Tylor 


37 








Villas 


14 








Spencer 


16 








Willfon 










Williames 


21 








Ricker 


13 










129 






O.- 



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134 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 






1 



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COMPANY BOOK 



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in to Country 
in to Country 


in to Country 
Enemy 
Ditto 
in to Country 
in to Country 
in to Country 
in to Country 


u 
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3 


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Pines Bridge 
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Kings Ferry 


York Hutts 

Verplanks point 

Ditto 

Fishkill 

W. Point 

W Point 

Littil Brittin 


t 

c 

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r 


John Williames 
Alexander Smith 
William Cammel 
Ifrael Smith 


Joseph Tubbs Serjeant 

Nat Bourn 

John ONeil 

Japhat Wood 

Perez Simmons Serg* 

Mofes Johnfton 

Japhat Wood 



136 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



^ 
^ 



6) 



I 
1^ 



^ 
« 

■^ 



S 



a 



(sb 



S95190S 




in month of April 

in month of May 

June 2ith Return^ to P. Mafter 3 Coats 3 Veils 3 hats 

Returnd one Coat to P. Mafter 


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S51001S 




sp^DUQ : s 


: : w : : « 


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si^H 


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January 

Febuary 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

Auguft 1782 

Septembr 

October 

Novembr 

Decembr 



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COiMPANY BOOK 



137 



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Francis Fuller 
John Hutchins 
John Oniel 
NatW Rowen 
Serj* Joseph Tubbs 
Ifaiah Taylor 
May 26th 1782 



138 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[12] Account of Armes &• Acccuterments Recco^ from Q Master by Cap* Lincolns Comf 



When 
Received 



April 2*^ ^2 
Api 9th 82 
April 2<^^^ Z2 



May 31th 82 



June 8th 82 
June 29th 82 



July 23th 82 
July 24th 82 



Augt nth 82 
Augt 2ith 82 



Sept 25th 



Ocf IQth 82 



C 
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42 
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COMPANY BOOK 139 

Acoount of Armes 6- Accutennefits Return'^ to the Quarter Master by Capt Lincolns Company 



When 
Returned 


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Api 13th 82 
Apr^ 30. 82 




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Q M. Geni 


May 31th 82 


— 


— 


— 


— 


— 


3 
4 


68 

190 

33 


12 


— 




June 13*^ 82 
June 29 




July 6th 82 
July 31st 82 


— 


— 


— 


89 


333 
15 








Aug* \\^'^Z2 


105 
20 


— 


— 


en 

c 


Sept 25th 82 


I 


Ocf 4th 82 
Oct' 31. 82 




6 


67 
8 









140 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



[13] Inspection Return of Captain Lincobis Company 7'* Majsachufetts Reg* in the Service of 
the United States comn'^ by yohn Brooks Esqr Lieut Col" Comm'^'^ accounting for the 
cloathing drawn by the Company betweefi the 7"* of Nov"" ^ ji of jfatf inclusive fpecify- 
ing the casualties of Arms Accoutrements Camp Equipage &= cloatlwig in the Mo. of 
Feb^ d^ showing the present state of the Camp" 

















Names & Rank 












i Joseph Tubbs 


Deserted 




Joseph Bates 




Serg^' < Perez Simmons 










Owens Lovel 




( Sam^ Tilley 










Thomas Spencer 




\ Leonard Evans 










John Hutchens 




Corp^^ < Jefse Graham 










Jefse Atwood 




( Peter Winsor 










Noah Vlllars 




Drum'' Jabez Jolly 










Nat^ Johnson 




James Willis priv. 










John Barrows 




Noah Eaton 










Samuel Dale 




Nathan Fuller 










Shubal Bailey 




Solomon Goodale 










Fredrick Barney 




Joel Suckermug 










George Rofs 




Ceaser Perrey 










Sebre Simmons 




Solsbury Hitchman 










Mirick Wilson 




Nathi Bourn 










Prince Soward 




Elijah Bruce 










Francis Fuller 




Peter Nichols 










William Biglow 




Ebenz Dumarsque 










John Muckford 




Joseph Williams 










Japhet Wood 




Benj'" Perrey 










John ONail 




Abner Elliot 










Simeon Ricker 




Edmund Casey 










Benjam Stephin 






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4 


7 


— 


38 


— 


— 


— 


— 


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38 


61 


45 


26 


23 



COMPANY BOOK 



141 



'if 
H 



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4) 

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Worn out and accounted for last Insp. 

Ditto this Inspection 

By Joseph Tubbs Deserted 

By I. Taylor Dead 

By Transfir'd 


en 
en 

n 

u 




On hand in ) Indifirint 
Company \ Good 


■ - - ■■ 

Proof 



142 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



saSpuyB^ 


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8 

vo 


O ON 

vo • 1-1 • 


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On hand last Inspection 
recieved from Q M. Since 


o 

.5; 

'o 

0) 
u< 

o 


Returned to Q. Master 

Wornout 

Lost & not accounted for 

By Transfered 


tf3 

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COMPANY BOOK 



143 



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; 




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t-H 


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tr» • 


10 






10 


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• • 






• 




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• 




On hand last Inspection 
Recivved from Q. M. Since 


T3 

OJ 



1) 


returnd to Q. Master 

Lost and Charged to Comp^ 


CO 

■«-> 




On hand in Company 


Proof 



M 
00 






'a. 
o 
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144 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



[15] 
Regijler of Nbn Commi/sioned &* Privats Solders who are mtitled to honorary badges in 
Capt Lincoln's Company 7"' Mafsachiifetts Regt Augt 27"* 1^82 — 



Names & 


Term of — 
faithfull 
Service 


Badges 
Intitled to 




Rank — 


one 


Two 


Three 


Remarks 


Robart Cottle Sergt 
Peter Winfor Corpi 
James WilHs 
Noah Eaton 
Nathan Fullar 
Ceafer Perry 


Since 5^^ April 1777 
Since 21*^ July 1777 
Since i^h March 1777 
Since 24*^ May 1779 
Since i^^ June 1777 
Since i^^ April 1777 








R. Lincoln Capt 



[16] 
Accoufit of the Cloa thing Recieved by the Non Commifsined officers and Privats in Capt Lin- 
colns Company in the f^ Mafsachufetts Regiment for the year lySi Oct" 26'^ 



No 


Names 


[Remarks] 


No 
27 


Names 


[Remarks] 


I 


Jofeph Tubbs Serg* 




Thomas Spencer 




2 


Peres Simmons D" 




28 


John Hutchens 




3 


Ifrael Smith Ditto 




29 


Jefse Atwood 




4 


Leonard Evines Corp^ 




30 


James Haywood 




5 


Jefse Grayham 0° 




31 


Noah Villas 




6 


Peter Winfor Ditto 




32 


Nathanil Johfton 




7 


Jabez Jolley Drumer 




33 


John Barros 




8 


James Willis Private 




34 


Samuel Dale 




9 


Noah Eaton 




35 


Shubal Baley 




10 


Nathan Fuller 




36 


Fradrick Barney 




II 


Solomon Goodail 




2>7 


George Rofs 




12 


James Ramond 


Prisoner of war 


38 


Isiah Taylor 




13 


Joel Sukermug 


Servtof Col. Gemot 


39 


Sebre Simmons 




14 


Cefer Perry 




40 


Mirick Willfon 




15 


Solfbury Hitchman 




41 


Prince Soward 




16 


Nathaniel Bowen 




42 


Frances Fuller 




17 


Juftis Burk 




43 


Isaac Cadey 




18 


Elijah Bruce 




44 


John Putnum 




19 


Peter Nichols 




45 


William Bidlow 




20 


Ebnezer Demafque 




46 


John Muckford 




21 


Jofeph Williames 




47 


Frances Billington 


Discharged 


22 


Bengiman Perry 




48 


John Williames 


Deserted 


23 


Abner Ellit 




49 


Alexander Smith 


Deserted 


24 


Edmond Cafey 




50 


William Cammel 


Deserted 


25 


Jofeph Bates 




51 


Gedion Bennet 


Dead 


26 


Oens Lovel 











A True Coppy 



COMPANY BOOK 
[17] 



145 



Account of the Clothing Received by the Non Commifsioned officers and Privats in Capt Lin- 
coins Company 7'* Mafsachiifetts Regiment for the year 1782. November i"" 



No. 


Names 


Remarks 


I 


Serg* Tubbs 


Deserted Feby 1$^^ 1782 


2 


Serg* Simmons 


Deserted Aug 13*^ 1782 


3 


Serg* Tilley 




4 


Sergt Cottle 




5 


Serg* Evens 




6 


Corpi Winsor 




7 


Corp^ Rofs 




8 


Drum Jolley 




9 


Fifer Simmons 




10 


Na* Bowin 




II 


Jofhua Packard 


Deferted 


12 


Noah Eaton 


Joind July 12^^ 1782 


13 


Nathan Fullar 


Discharged Sep* 13^^^ 1782 


14 


James Willis 




15 


Joel Suckermug 




16 


Solomon Goodail 




17 


Caefer Perry 




18 


Solfbury Hitchman 




19 


Mofes Johnfton 




20 


Jefse Atwood 


Deferted Aug* 22*^ 82 


21 


Shubal Bailey 




22 


Jofeph Bates 




23 


Elijah Bruce 




61 


William Bonn 


* Joined Ocf 6^^ 1782 


68 


Henry Willson 


* Joind Sept 16"' 1782 


24 


Israel Smith 




25 


Fradrick Barney 


Dif charged June 21^* 82 


26 


William Biglow 




27 


Isaac Cady 




28 


Joel Lakan 


Transfard to light Infantry 24 Jany 82 


29 


Edmond Cafey 


Joind May 24^^ 1^782 


30 


Samuel Dale 




31 


Ebne^ Demafque 




32 


Abner Ellit 




33 


Frances Fullar 




34 


John Hutchens 


Discharged 21^^ June 82 


35 


Na^ Johnfton 


Transfard to Invileeds 


36 


Owens Lovell 




37 


John Muckford 




38 


Peter Nichols 




39 


John O'nal 




40 


Benjim" Perry 


Deserted March 2^^ 1782 


41 


John Putnam 




42 


Prince Soward 


Transfard to Light Infantry 2ist Jany 82 


43 


Isaah Taylor 





146 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



No. 


Names 


Remarks 


44 


Noah Villas 


Dead Since Feby 9^^ §2 


45 


Tho^ Spencer 




46 


Mirick Willson 




47 


Joseph William 




48 


Japhat Wood 


Deserted Ocf 30th 1782 


49 


Siemeon Ricker 


Joind January 20 1782 


50 


Ben"^ Stephens 


Joind Feby i^^ 1782 


51 


Moses Tylor 


Joind April 4^^ ^q 


52 


Caleb Wood 


Transfard to Invileeds Sept i^^ '82 


53 


John Kimbil 


Joind Aprel 1782 


54 


Ralph O'Danil 


Joind July 2(f^ 1782 


55 


Jedduthan Dickinson 


Joind July 12 do 


56 


William Bracey 


Joind July 23 do 


57 


Amma Dunham 


Joind July 28 do 


58 


William Henderson 


Joind July 6 do 


59 


William Betterley 


Joind augt 22 do 


60 


William Bagley 


Joind augt 26 do 


61 


James Ramond 


Prifoner war Sold by Enemy 



COMPANY BOOK 

[18] 



147 



Lnspectmi Return of Captain Lincolns Company 7"* Mafsachusetts Reg^ in the Services of the 
United States Comm'' by jfohn Brooks Esq"" Lieut Colonel Comd* Acounting for the Cloath- 
ing drawji by the Company between the i*^ of Nov. 1^ 28 of Fcf' inclusive specifying the 
casualties of Arms Anwiunition Camp Equipage 6^ Cloathing in the Month of March 1^ 
Shewing the present State of the Same 



Names of Men 


Remarks 


Names of Men 


Remarks 


ij Perez Simmons 
1) Sami Tilley 

C/2 




Samuel Dale 






Abner Elliot 




~ \ Leonard Evans 




Francis Fuller 




\\ Jefs Graham 




John Hutchins 




•3 1 Peter Winsor 




Nath' Johnson 




Drum, Jabez Jolley 




Owens Lovel 




Noah Eaton private 




John Muckford 




Nathat Fuller 




Peter Nichols 




Solomon Goodale 




Benjamin Perrey 




Solsbury Hichman 




Simeon Ricker 




Ceasar Perrey 


Servan Col Gimot 


George Rofs 




Joel Suckermug 




Thomas Spencer 




James Willis 




Sebre Simmons 




Elijah Bruce 




Prince Soward 




Joseph Bates 




Benjamin Stevens . 




John Barrows 


Sick Absent 


Noah Villars 




Shubal Bailey 




Joseph Williams 




Fredrick Barney 


Waggoner 


Mirick Wilson 


Servant G.Glover 


William Biglow 




Japhet Wood 




Edmund Casey 




Jefse Atwood 




Ebenez'' Dumarsque 




Nat^ Bourn 


Deserted 






John O'Neil 


Deserted 




^ 






!t«,tvM.' l^ y^/l^M 



c/rta^ -^oc 



,r- 









Su^ cdumi) / ^ 






0^ -Ti^^^'c^ "iZ-e^yilA^ ^ 



'-^ 









'^^tr?!^i^'\a.MLa^Zi£^ 



^ Cov^^ty^\cr-,,u^,^l.a,,,/t^ 






^ ~^ 



^ ^^l^^i 



A 



<^ 



^> 



^ 






^^: 



*«^ 



^ 



^ 

o 

^ 



:^ 




^ 



COMPANY BOOK 
[20] 



149 



Inspection Return of Cap' Liticolns Cojnpany j'^ Mnfs"' Regt in the Services of the United 
States Com^ by jfohn Brooks Efq'' D Col" Commadant Accounting for the Cloathing 
draivfi by ConCy between /"• Nov^' and jt'^' March Inclucive Specif ng the causiltis of arms 
accuterments Camp Eqiiipase a?td Cloathing in the month of April and Shewing the Pre- 
sent State of the Company April jo"' 1^82 



Mens Names 


Remarks 


Mens Names 


Remarks 


Peres Simmons Serg* 




Abner Ellit 




Samuel Tilley Do 




Frances Fuller 




Leonard P2vens Cp 




John Hutchens 




Jefse Gryham Cp 
Peter Winsor Do 


Deserted 


Nat Johnfton 
Owens Lovel 




D-- Jabez Jolley 
Fifer Moses Tyler 




John Muckford 
Peter Nichols 




Noah Eaton, Private 




Benj"^ Perrey 




Nathan P\iller 




Semion Ricker 




Solomon Goodail 




George Rofs 




Solsbury Hitchman 




Thos Spencer 




Cesar Perry 


Serv^ G. Hand 


Sebre Simmons 




Joel Suckermug 




Prince Soward 




James Willis 
Elijah Bruce 




Benj™ Stephens 
Noah Villas 




Joseph Bates 




Joseph Williames 




Jahn Barrows 


Sick Absent 


Mirick Willson 


Serv* G. (ilover 


Shubal Baley 




Jefse At wood 




Fradrick Barney 
William Biglovv 




Japhat Wood 
Caleb Wood 




Edmond Casey 
Ebenezer Demasque 




John Kimbil 
James Ramond 


Prisoner war 


Samuel Dale 










■^ x^X<-? y^^e^i^i:^ (^/£^y=T^ ^;:?Sr«-v?>5 __ 



a^n.1 



c:: 



J^i^ta.e^r-,^ . 



cP'^-r^ 3^ /^^^^ 



COMPANY BOOK 
[22] 



151 



Inspection Return of Cap' Lincoln' Company f^ Mafs^^ Regt in the Service of the United States 
Com'' by John Brooks Eff V Col" Commadant Accounti?ig for the Cloathing drawn by 
the Company bttween the r" Nov'' 81 and jo"' of Aprl i-j82 Inclucive Specifing the Cau- 
siltis of Arms Accurtiment Camp Equpage 6- C/oathing drawn in the month of May &> 
Shewing the present State of Company 



Mens Names 




Mens Names 




Serg* Simmons 




Prv^ Hutchens 




Serg' Tilley 




Johnlton 




Corpi Evens 




Lovell 




Corpi Grayham 




Muckford 




D™ Jolley 




Nichols 




Fifer Simmons 




B. Perry 




Prv-s Eaton 




Kicker 




N. Fullar 




Rofs 




Goodail 




Spencer 




Hitchman 




Tylor 




C. Perry 




So ward 




Suckermug 




Stephens 




Willis 




Villas 




Bruce 




Willames 




Bates 




Willson 




Barrows 




Atwood 




Bailey 




F. Wood 




Barney 




C. Wood 




Biglow 




Kimbil 




Casey 




Lakan 




Demasque 




Corpl Winsor 




Dale 




P Smith 




EUit 




Ramond 




F Fuller 









COMPANY BOOK 

[24] 



153 



Infpection Return of Cap' Lincoln^ Company 7"' Mafs. Reg* in the Service of the United States 
Com'^ by yohn Brooks Efq'' L* Col" Conimadant accounting for the Cloathing drawn by 
the Company between the z"* JVoi''' 6- jz"' of May Inclucive Specifing the Causiltis of 
Armes Accurtements Camp Equapage <5i^ Cloathing in the month of June and Shewing 
the present State of S'' Company 



Mens Names 


Remarks 


Mens Names 


Remarks 


Serg^ Simmons 




F. Fullar 


Difcharged- 


D° Tilley 




Jo Hutchens 


Transferee! to Infantry 


Corp^ Evens 




N* Johnfton 




d° Grayham 




0. Lovell 




do Winfor 




Jo Muck ford 




Drumer Jolley x 




P. Nichols 




Fifer Simmons 




B. Perry 




P. N. Eaton 




S. Ricker 




N. FuUar 




G. Rofs 




S. Goodail 




F. Spencer 




So's Hitch man 




Mr. Tylar 




C. Perry 




P. Soward 




J' Suckermug 




B. Stephens 




Js Willis 




N. Villas 




E. Bruce 




J. Williames 




F. Bates 




M. Willson 




J^ Barrows x 


Dead 


J. Atwood 




S. Bailey 




Jo Wood 




F. Barney x 


Difcharg^ 


C. Wood 


. 


VV. Biglovv 




J. Kimbil 




K^ Casey 




J^ Lakan 




E"" Demafque 




Js Smith 




S. Dale 




J. Ramond 




A. Ellit 









154 






. — ^ifie^^ Mi. / o/M 

^ 3/ a^a^ — 




COMPANY BOOK 

[27] 



•55 



Inpedion Return of Cap^ Lincohf Compa7iy 7"' Mafs Regt Commanded by L' Col" Comma- 
dant yohn Brooks accounting for the Cloathing drawnd by the Company between the 1"' 
of Nov''' 6^ J/"' of yany 82 Inclucive Speftflng Cafulties of armes accurment Amminition 
Camp Equipage 6- C/oathing in the tnonth of yany 82 <Sn Shewing the Frefent State of 
the Company 



Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


Jofeph Tubbs Serg* 




Owens Lovell 




Peres Simmons D° 




Tho^ Spencer 




Samuel Tilley D*^ 




John Hutchens 




Leonard Itvens Corp' 




Je'"se Atwood 




Jefse Grayham D° 




Noah Villas 




Peter Winfor D" 




Nat Johnfton 




Jabez Joliey Drum'' 




John Barrows 




James Willis Priv^ 




Samuel Doyle 




Noah Eaton 




Shubal Baley 




Nathan P"uller 




pj-^drick Barney 




Solomon Goodail 




George Rofs 




Joel Suckermug 




Ifaah Taylers 




Ceafer Perry 




Sebre Simmons 




Solfbury Hitchmon 




Mirick Willfon 




Nat Bovvin 




Prince Soward 




Elijah Bruce 




P'rances Fuller 




Peter Nicols 




Ifaac Cady 


Tranffared to Infaiilry 


Ebnez Demafque 




John Putnum 


Ditto 


Jofeph Williames 




William Biglow 




Benj'" Perry 




John Muckford 




Abner Ellit 




Jophat Wood 




Edmond Cafey 




John Onell 




Jofeph Bates 




Siemeon Kicker 





i=;6 















^N 



3/ 



3; 



1 



*^ 



j«- 



^ 



4<r/? 



^N^ 



i/2,!- 



»r^«->-^«: 



•1 *Sff^lOO 



"T^^cfi 






33 Or 






Jf 



V 



J8r 



A 



3o 



/M<j/i 



<n->Jt/'i^ 



lr>e^'^J> 



fitfyc -V 



y>^ 



-r^^>y 



■w»gy y 



•yaty/^ 



-»"^ / 



i*^/3-^ 



oy^f^f^ 







/III 




^% 



^^^9f^/^^ 



c^sr^ 



::? 




COMPANY BOOK 157 

[29] Pay Roll of Cap* Lincoln Comp" 7'* Mafs Regt iakinfor the month of Jan 1^82 







Pay p"^ 


A rnnnnf 




Names & Rank 


Remarks 


month 
Dolls 90th 


Dolls (^Qth 




Rufus Lincoln Cap^ 




40 — 


40 




Gami Bradford L* 




26 — 60 


26 — 60 




James Sever Enf" 




20 


20 




Jofeph Tubbs Sergt 




10 


10 




Peres Simmons D° 




10 


10 




Samuel Tilley D" 


Join^ Jany i^t 82 


10 


10 




Leonard Evens Corp' 




7—30 


7 — 30 




Jefse Grayham D° 




7 — 30 


7 — 30 




Peter Winfor D^ 




7 — 30 


7 — 30 




Jabez Jolley D"""- 




7 — 30 


7 — 30 




Na* Bo wen 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Noah Eaton 




6 — 60 


6—60 




Nathan Fuller 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Solo"^ Goodail 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Joel Suckermug 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




James Willis 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Solfbury Hitchman 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Ceser Perry 


Serv* Colo Gimot 


6 — 60 






Jefse Atwood 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Elijah Bruce 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


On ro Cf) 
(fi roVO 




CO 


John Barrows 


• 


6 — 60 


6 — 60 


An 


Jofeph Bates 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


m; w CO 

CO 


^ 


Shubal Baley 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


Q * 




Fradrick Barney 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


m 1 
<U 


John Putnum 


Tranffard Jany jst L Infty 






cJ OS 


Ifaac Cady 


Ditto Ditto 






4J J_i 

13 P 


Edmond Cafy 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Ebn^ Demafque 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


CO S 


Abner Ellit 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


Na*^ Johnfton 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


•!-> 


Owens Lovell 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


^ -^ 


Peter Nicols 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


\ Q 


Benj™ Perry 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




George Rofs 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


one 
incol 


Sebre Simmons 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


Thom^ Spencer 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


fe hJ 


lafiah Taylor 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


<u P. 


Noah Villas 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


^ 


Jofeph Williames 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


■i-> 


Mirick Willfon 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


1 ^ 


John Hutchens 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


-2 ^ 
5 


Prince Soward 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 


CO CJ 


Frances Fuller 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




William Bigelow 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




Jolin Muckford 




6 — 60 


6 — 60 




< 



158 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



Names & Rank 


Remarks 


Pay p"" 

month 

Dolls ^Qth 


Amount 

Dolls gQth 




John oneall 
Japhat Wood 
Siemeon Ricker 




6 — 60 
6 — 60 
6 — 60 


6 — 60 

6 — 60 

6D — 60 






1 
Sum Total 386 — 00 





[29] Fay Roll of Captain Lincolns Company f^ Mafsachufetts Reg^ Commanded by John 
Brooks Esqr Lieut Colo Comd^ Febrtcary 1^82 







time of 


Pay pr 


Amount 








Service 


Month 






Names & Rank 


Remarks 










■j-> 


>> 


13 : ^ 


en 

c3 


C/5 








c 


rt 




4-> 




(U 











^3 




Q 

1 

40 


^ 




Q 
40 


8n 




Rufus Lincoln Cap* 






Gami Bradford Lieut 






- 


26 


60 


26 


60 




James Sever Ens" 






- 


20 





20 


— 




Joseph Tubbs Serjeant 


Deserted 


— 


- 


— 





— 


— 




Perez Simmons do 






- 


10 





10 


— 




Sami xiiley ditto 






- 


10 





10 


— 




Leonard Evans Corp^ 






- 


7 


30 


7 


30 




Jefse Graham ditto 






- 


7 


30 


7 


30 




Peter Winsor ditto 




J 


- 


7 


30 


7 


30 




Jabez Jolly Drum 






- 


7 


30 


7 


30 




Nath^ Bourn priv* 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Noah Eaton 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Nathan Fuller 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Solomon Goodale 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Joel Suckermon 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




James Willis 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Solsbury Hichmon 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Ceasar Perrey 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Jefse Atwood 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Elijah Bruce 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




John Barrows 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Joseph Bates 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Shubal Bailey 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Fredrick Barney 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Edmund Casey 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Eben^ Dumasque 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 





COMPANY BOOK 



159 







time of 
Service 


Pay pr 
Month 


Amount 




Names & Rank 


Remarks 










x: 




w 

u 




t/3 










•i-i 


>-, 


^ 


rC 


^ 


-i-J 













'0 


4-> 

60 


'0 


4-1 








^ 




Q 
6 


Q 
6 




ON 
60 




Abner Elliot 






Nat^ Johnson 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Owens Lovel 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Peter Nichols 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Benj Perrey 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




George Rofs. 






- 


6 


69 


6 


60 




Sebre Simmons 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Tho^ Spencer 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Isaiah Taylor 


Dead since 9 Feby 





8 


I 


70 


I 


70 




Noah Villars 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Joseph Williams 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Mirick Wilson 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




John Hutchins 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Prince Soward 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Frank Fuller 




I 


_ 


6 


60 


6 


60 




William Biglow 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 





John Muckford 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 


U 


John Oniel 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 


0) 

3 


Japhet Wood 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Simeon Ricker 






- 


6 


60 


6 


60 




Benj. Stevens 






— 


6 


60 


6 


60 





i6o 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[34] 



Infpection Return of Capt Lincobis Company j Majsachusets Reg' in the Service of the United 
Commanded by John Brooks Efq^ L' Col" Commadant Accotmtifig for the Cloathing 
drawn by the Company betiveen the i^' jVoz''"- 6- jo"' of jFime 82 inclusive Specif ng the 
Caufiltis of Arines accurterments Camp Eqiipage and Cloathing in the month of July d^ 
Shewing the Present State of the Compafiy 



Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


I Sergt Simmons 




26 P. Nichols 




2 Sergt Tilley x 




27 B" Perry 




3 Corpi Evens x 




28 S. Ricker 




4 Corpi Grayham 




29 G. Rofs 




5 Corp' Win so r 




30 T^ Spencer 




6 Drum Jolley 




31 M. Tylor 




7 Fifer Simmons 




32 P. So ward 




8 N* Eaton 




33 B" Stephens 




9 N" Fullar 




34 N. Villas 




10 S. Goodail 




35 J*^ Williames 




II So's Hitch man 




36 Nh Willson 




12 C. Perry 




37 J e At wood 




13 J. Suckermug 




00 J* Wood 


Deserted July is*** 


14 Y Willis 




38 C> Wood 




15 E Bruce 




39 J° Kimbil 




16 J Bates 




40 J' Lakan 




17 S. Bailey 




41 pi Smith 




18 W. Biglow 




42 Ms Johnston 




19 E^ Casey 




43 Rh ODanil 




20 E"" Demafque 




44 W"" Henderson 




21 S« Dale 




45 Jo^ Packard 




22 A' Ellit 




46 Jo'i Dickinson 




23 N* Johnfton 




47 W™ Bracey 




24 0^ Lovell 




48 Am* Dunham 




25 J" Muckford 









i6i 




l62 



- .^.-^/^ 



^'^^^ 



?7«i/,ti»^ 







[Pages 36, 37] 



COMPANY BOOK 

[38] 



163 



Inspection Return of Capt Lincoln^ Comp^' 7"' M. Reg' in the Sennce of the United States 
Comm'' by yohn Brook E/g'' V Col" Comi7iadant Accounting for the Cloathing drawn by 
the Company betivee7i the /*' of Nov'' 'Ss^ 31 of yuly 1782 inclusive Specifing the Cauisilites 
of Arines Accuterments Camp Equpagc &= Cloathing in the month of Aug* vSn Shelving 
the Present State of the Company 



Names 


Remarks 


Names 


Remarks 


Sergt Simmons 


Deferted 13th '82 


20 Nichols X 




Sergt Tilley x 




21 B. Perry x 




Sergt Cottle x 




22 Ricker x 




Sergt Evens x 




23 Rofs X 


Promoted Aug' 31 82 


Corpl Winfor x 




24 Spencer x 




Drum Jolley — 




25 Tylor X 




I'^ifer Simmons 




26 Soward x 




I Eaton x 




27 Stephens 




2 Fullar x 




28 Villas X 


rj 


3 Goodail x 




29 Williames x 


.2 


4 Hitch man x 




30 Willfon 




5 C Perry 




31 Atwood 


C2- 


6 Suckermug x 




32 J. Wood 


c 


7 Willis X 




33 C. Wood 


CA! 


8 Smith X 




34 Kimbil x 


■*-> 


9 Bruce x 




35 Lakan x 


r^ 


10 Bates X 




36 ODanil x 




1 1 Bailey x 




37 Henderson 


1^ Vr 


1 2 Bigiow 




38 Rickard x 


^p! 


[3 Cafey x 




39 Dickinson 


1 £ 


14 Demafque x 




40 Bracey 


X. c 


I 5 Dale X 




41 Dunham 


b 


16 Ellit X 




42 Bitterely 




[7 Johnflon x 




43 Bagley x 




18 Lovell X 




M. Johnfton 


Deferted Aug* 22"' 82 


19 Muckfor^ X 









164 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 



[39] 



Infpedion Ketiirn of Capt Lincolns j'^ M Regt in the Services of of the United States Com- 
mand'''^ by yohn Brook" Efq"'' L' Col" Comm'^' Accounting for the Cloathing drawn by 
the Company between the i Not'' &= ji"' Aug' inclucive Specifing the Causiltis of Artns 
Accurtermcnts Camp Equpage 6- Cloathing in month of Sept 82 (5^ Shaving the present 
State of Company 



Names 


[Remarks] 


Names 


[Remarks] 


Sergt Tilley 




19 Muckford 




Sergt Cottel 




20 Nichols 




Sergt Evens 




21 B. Perrey 




Corp' Winsor 




22 Ricker 




Corp' Rofs 




23 Spencer 




Drum Jolley 




24 Tylar 




Fifer Simmons 




25 Soward 




I N. Eaton 


Disch^ Sept 13 


26 Stephens 




2 N. Fullar 




27 Villas 




3 S. Goodil 




28 Willfon 




4 Hitchman 




29 Williames 




5 C. Perry 




30 Atwood 




6 Suckermug 




31 J. Wood 




7 Willis 




32 C. Wood 


Transfar^ Sept i 


8 Smith 




33 Kimbil 




9 Bruce 




34 Lakan 




10 Bates 




35 ODanil 




1 1 Bailey 




36 Henderfon 




12 Biglow 




37 Packard 




13 Casey 




38 Dickinson 




14 Demafque 




39 Bracey 




15 Dale 




40 Dunham 




16 Ellit 




41 Bitterely 




17 Johnllon 


42 Bagley 




18 Lovell 




43 W"^ Conn. 





i66 



PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[41] 



Infpection Return of Cap' Lincoln'' Company f" Mafs Regiment in the Service of the United 
States Cotnmanded by jfohn Brooks £fg'' V Col" Comtnadant Accounting for the Cloathing 
drawn by the Company between the r" Novr 6- jo''' of Sep' 82 inclucive Specif ng the 
Cauiltis of Arms &= Accuterments Camp Equpag &' Cloathing in the month of Oct. &- 
Shewing the present state of the Company 



Names 


[Remarks] 


Names 


[Remarks] 


Sergt Tilley 




19 Nichols 




Sergt Cottle 




20 B. Perrey 




Sergt Evens 




21 Ricker 




Corpi Winsor 




22 Spencer 




Corpi j^Qfs 




23 Tylor 




Drum'' Jolley 




24 Soward 




Fifer Simmons 




25 Stephens 




I Fullar 




26 Villas 




2 Goodail 




27 M. Willfon 




3 Hitchman 




28 Williames 




4 C. Perrey 




29 Atwood 




5 Suckermug 




30 J. Wood 


Deserted Oct 30 


6 Willis 




31 Kimbil 




7 Smith 




32 Lakan 




8 Bruce 




33 ODanil 




9 Bates 




34 Henderson 




10 Bailey 




3 5 Packard 




1 1 Biglow 




36 Dickinson 




12 Casey 




37 Bracey 




13 Deraafque 




T)8 Dunham 




14 Dale 




39 Bitterly 




15 Ellit 




40 Bagley 




16 Johnfton 




41 Conn 




17 Lovell 




42 Willson 




18 Muckford 




43 E. Allen 





i68 




I/l 




172 






2fr(Uffy!yCew ^^ -^i^^ 4:ifu^ / J^V-3a ^yt 







<f^ Uf 






^ ^-^^ 7^/^f^tD 



^^U'^^ .Zi-yU:trl^^^^ 



COMPANY BOOK 

[107] 



^72> 



Inspection Return of Cap' Lincolns Cotnp^ jth Mafs''^ Re^ Commanded by L' Col" Cotn'^'' jfohii 
Brooks Accoimting for the Clothing drawn by the Conip" betwen the l^' of jfan^ and ji^^ 
of Oct ijHi Inclusive Spesifing Casueltics oj Arms Accurtrements Ammution Camp Equ- 
page &= Clothing in the [month] of Oct and Shwing the Present State 



Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


Mens Names 


[Remarks] 


Joseph Tubbs Serj*^ 




Joseph Batts 




Peres Simmons ditto 




Owens Lovell 




Iserael Smith Ditto 




Thomas Spensor 




Lenard Evens Corp' 




John Huchens 




Jse Graham Ditto 




Jesee Atwood 




Peter Winsor Ditto 




James Hayward 




Jabez Jolley Drum^ 




Noah Villas 




James Willis 




Nathanel Jonston 




Noah Eaton 




John Barrows 




Nathan Euller 




Samuel Dale 




Solomon Goodell 




Subel Balleey 




James Ramond 


Prislner war 


Fredrick Barney 




Joel Suckmug 




Georg Rofs 




Cesar Parey 


Serv* Col" (iemot 


Isaiah Taylor 




Solsbery Richmond 




Sebre Simmons 




Nathaniel Born 




Mirick Willson 


Serv^ Gen' Glover 


Justes Burk 


Li,£;ht Infantry 


Prince Soward 


Ditto Maj' Darby 


Elijah Bruce 




P'rances P'uller 




Peter Nicols 




Isaac Cady 




Ebenez"" Dumasque 




John Putman 




Joseph Willams 




William Bigelow 




Benjamon Parrey 




John Muckford 




Abner Ellet 




Giddeon Bennet 


Died Augt 24t'> 8 i 


Edmond Caseey 









174 



de^i.^ 'f/'i//'''^ecrd^^ ^m^-^ Att/fL 7" c^'^'^/^f^ i^a. 




ta^ it/yi^ ^i^ ^itytkci 




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s.»»»^g^^i-i'«-<5^^K' y^ 







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c/t-a'T'^ 



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COMPANY BOOK 

[111] 



177 



Infpection Return of Caf Lincoln? Company in f Mafs Regt Comanded by D Cotl Confi'' 
John Brooks Accounting for the Ciot/iing drawn by the Comp^ betwen the 7'" of J^anv 
andsi"" Aug' Inclucive Spefifing Cafuities of Arms Acuertiments Aminition Camp Equi- 
page 6- Clothifig in the month of Aug* and Shuing the Prefent State 



Mens Names 



Joseph Tubbs ferg^ 
Peres Simmons 0° 
Israel Smith D^ 
Leonard Evins Corp^ 
Jefse Graham D^ 
Peter Windsor 0° 
Jabes Jolly Drum"" 
James Willis private 
Noah Eaten 
Nathen Fuller 
Solomon Goodell 
James Raymond 
Joel Suckerman 
Ceaser Perrey 
Solsbery Hitchman 
Nathi Bowen 
Justis Burke 
Gidion Bennet 
Elijh Bruce 
Peter Nicols 
Ebenezer Demasque 
Joseph Williams 
Benjamin Perry 
Abner Ellit 
Edmon Casy 



Cauifiltes 



Mens Names 



ferv* to Colo Gemot 



in the Infantry 
Do Do 



Joseph Bates 
Owens Lovel 
Thos Spencer 
John Hutchens 
Jefse Atwood 
James Haywood 
Noah Viles 
Nath' Johnson 
John Barows 
Sam^ Dayl 
Shubel Baily 
Francis Barny 
George Rofs 
Isiah Taylor 
Sebre Simmons 
Mirick Willson 
Prince Soward 
Francis Fuller 
Isaac Cadey 
John Putnam 
Francis Billington 
John Williams 
William Campbell 
Elexander Smith 



Cauifiltes 



Serv* to Geni Glover 
D« Maj-- Darby 



Desg<i ist July 81 
Desert'^^ist juneSi 
Deserted 
Deserted 



Rufus Lincoln Capt 



178 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[113] 

Mens Names wJio have had Pafses in Cap^ Lhicolns Comp^ 

James Willis ) q^^, ^h 
Amma Dunham ) ^ 

Demafque ( Nov"" 3^^ 

Packard i ■» -r ^ ^^ 

Dale i N^^^ 3^ 

Dale 

Packard 

Ricker 

Northampton 



Lift of Cap*' Line Ins Comp 


^ f^ M Reg* Au^ If^ J782 


Sergt Samuel Tilley 


Benj"^ Stephens 


Sergt Robart Cottel 


Noah Villas 


Sergt Leonard Euens 


Joseph Williames 


Corpi Peter Winsor 


Mirick Willson 


Drumer Jabez Jolley 


Jefse Atwood 


Fifer Sebre Simmons 


Japhat Wood 


Noah Eaton 


Caleb Wood 


James Willis 


John Kimbil 


Nathan Fullar 


Joel Lakan 


Solomon Goodail 


Moses Johnfton 


Solsbury Hitchman 


Ralph ODaniel 


Israel Smith 


Ebneser Demasque 


Csar Perry 


William Henderson 


Joel Suckermug 


Joshua Packard 


Elijah Bruce 


Jeduthun Dickinson 


Joseph Bates 


Amma Dunham 


Shubal Bailey 


William Bracey 


William Biglow 


William Betterley 


Edmond Casey 


Cutting Bagley 


Samuel Dale 


William Conn 


Abner Ellit 


Henry Willson 


Nathanil Johnston 




Owens Lovell 




John Muckford 




Peter Nicols 


Caleb Wood Tranffared to Invileeds 


Benj"^ Perry 


Septt ith 82 


Simeon Ricker 


George Rofs promoted to Corp^ Aug* 


George Rofs 


29th 82 


Thomas Spencer 


Corp' Evens promoted to a Serg* Aug* 


Moses Tylor 


17th 82 


Prince Soward 


Serg* Cottel Joind Aug* 17*^ 1782 



COMPANY BOOK 



179 



[114] 

May I^^ 1782. Account of the men in Cap*' Lincoln'^ Company who have had their 

lininsr overhalls Cut out 



Jesse Grayham Corp^ 



Solomon Goodail 
James Willis 
Na* Johnfton 
Sebre Simmons C 
Will"^ Biglow 
Th°^ Spencer J 
Elijh Bruce 
Joel Suckermug 
Leonard Evens Corp^ 



Timothy Michill 
Betterley 



Shoes 



Sergt Simmons 
Eaton 
Goodail 
Bates 
Villas 

Serg* Tilley 
Ellit 
Nichols 
Hitchman 
J. Wood 



May 20th 82 

Leonard Evens Serg* 
Jefse Grayham 
Solomon Goodail 
James Willis 



R Lincoln 



SECTION EIGHT 



COMPANY ROLLS 

Duplicate Muster Rolls or Rosters, retained by the Company Officers. 

Some of these are printed forms, i6 by 20 inches in size, but the majority of them were ruled 
and written out by the officers, and are of various sizes. 




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r Certify the abo.^Kollt. b. thc-,ru.Stai.of fa.A , 



1. 1 Tij..n..- 4n ke true In a/l lis Contents. 



Infpeaor T^i 



K> ,^^d^ 



196 



Roll and Mufter of ^z-S'^if^y^a^'/^ C^^^f^c^gy^^ Odf- 



Term oT 






CafiuUics 



Timt fines Wl TTi uftered 
in lifted. 



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Certify th« above Roll to be the true State of UkA-Y nyiAji^ 
y^ /iTnay of C<^W - ■>^iZ 



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X Certify *!>« above Mufter to te true m all ,t5 Contents. 
Infp^>on ■><■ t^Z^/l^-^-^^ V'" 




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% Certify tlie atoTtRolUo te t\« true St»t« of fa.d 






199 










200 



Rail arid Mufter of M^ -5- '#/!^/A^/?>!W< f'^iy^^ta^;!! uj'i' i^es^neiif l^apL^ ^4n- ;^ '>ncri^ A^ 'Z^^^s.-u-^ ■*'7-VZ 




Reil and Mt-Uer of M^ Mi^^ "^rm^^r^n^ / o^e^a.e/'ii.At^ ^^^.^^.a-KV ,Ui^j4jo^ o^y-^Kj. o^la-n.^ ^' ^dZa^iC^v 7^,p2- 



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Tim* -nncn ]aft Mufter, or 
Itiliftment. 



AltuaVioni fince laft 




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Ceilliy theaiov«.TifufUr1» bo. true in a^t Its Contejvfc. 



Foil and J/Tufter of /^ S -tftrtn^/.-a^^ f'' <!^^i^tu:i^-t^ l^ijfs-i.fKS^tit' "Ta^n. ^err- :^^?i ■^^rn^)^ ,^^a^^^3*«fci^ ^^^ 



Kanks. 



Term of 



Cafuait/M 



Murtewd. T,m« <;-!« Uft IWuftei-j ar Alttrwions fmM lift 

Inliftment. Mufler. 



^h:^. 



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^■^ cf^ 



1V~-J- ?»_ 




X. CmiO- tli« above Mufter to b. true i^ jl( iu Contents, 



203 







~- Amy. 



204 



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SECTION NINE 



John Hewson was born in England, September, 1744, emigrated to America, settled in Phila- 
delphia, and became a citizen in 1775. He was married twice, and had a large family of children. 

He entered the American army, and was taken prisoner in Philadelphia, April i, 1778. 

Rufus Lincoln and John Hewson became acquainted while prisoners of war in Philadelphia; 
they were marched to New York, and were paroled to Flatlands, Long Island. 

The last of August or first of September, 1778, a plan to escape was formed by Hewson and 
several others ; Rufus Lincoln was asked to join, but refused. See Letter Number Two for the 
history of the escape. After the escape, it was many years before these old friends heard of each 
other, and in a remarkable manner. 

" Prudence," the second daughter of Rufus Lincoln, married James Field, February 22, 1813, 
and shortly after they went to Philadelphia to live. 

One day Mrs. Field told her landlady of a friend her father once had in that city, recounted the 
story of his attempted escape, and that as her father had never heard from him, it was supposed 
that he had perished in the attempt; but when she mentioned the name of her father's friend, ima- 
gine her surprise to learn that her landlady was the sister-in-law of the person spoken of, and that 
he was alive and well. 

Thus it was that these old friends heard of each other once more, and the letters herewith are 
those written by John Hewson to his old friend Rufus Lincoln. 

John Hewson was a calico printer by trade, and his name was in the Philadelphia Directory as 
late as 1822. His last letter is dated 1820 ; possibly some later ones have been lost. 

In 1825 the names of both father and son disappear from the Directory. In February, 1902, 
I met a member, by marriage, of this famil)^, and tried to obtain some of Rufus Lincoln's letters to 
John Hewson. I learned that the family had nearly died out, and none of those remaining knew of 
any family papers or letters. Their home was near Germantown, Philadelphia. 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 

\Letter Number One\ 

Kensington Near Philadelphia 
14 June 1813 
My Much Respected 
Freind M'' Rufus Lincoln 

I received your favor dated in May last {""your Daughter who lives in the House 
of my Wife's Sister, the Sattisfaction my Wife & my Self received is better felt 
then defcribed — M"^ Hewson nor my Self ever forgot you, but often regretted we 
had not taken a Memorandum of your place of Abode when at home ; if you should 
live to see it in peace — M"^. Hewson is Just now recover'd from a Six months con- 
finement by Sicknefs & debility to her chamber, and my Self about 12 weeks, most 
of which time in Excruciating pain, I am astonish'd when I view my self in the Land 
among the living ; but it is the Lords doing and it is Marvelous in my Eyes : the 
Praise I render to his most Holy Name — we just begin to ride out a little for the 
air, I can only make out to walk about 50 yards at present I remain so weak ; The 
small present you are so kind to notice that I sent you, I am pleased to hear it came 
safe to your hand ; I can asure you it was a grief to my heart that is was so small, 
I likewise return you my sincere thanks for the very hansome ruffeld Shirt you Sent 
me — I have had 11 Chilldren since my Captivity 6 I had when I was taken Pris- 
oner, which makes 17 in all — they have brought me 47 Grand Chilldren about 37 
of them are living ; about 2 years ago 30 of them dined with me — 10 out of my 
17 Chilldren are living, 7 Daughters & 3 Sons: and I have great reason to be 

thankful that there is but one Scabby Sheep in my flock ; , who abandon'd 

his wife and 5 fine Chilldren, and left them to Starve, it proved the Death of his 
wife very soon — and his Chilldren we have amongst us — and all this for that 
Cursed Sin of drinking; he is 43 years of age had a fine Constitution, but got 
quite deranged in his mind ; and now, as the only and last Step I could take to 
give him a chance to save both Body & Soul ; I had had him taken up as as an 
Insane perfon, and Sent to the Penfylvania Hospital — My Eldest Son is 45 years 
of age, and a worthy man, he is a Minister of the Gospel in the Baptist Connection ; 
but does not live Chargeable to the Gospel — he follows my Businefs that I have 
gave up about 4 years since ; he has preach'd about 20 years Among the Methodist 
& Baptist together without receiving any pay : the former displeased him & he 
Joined the latter ; and is very acceptable among them : my other Chilldren are all 
Morrale, & the greatest number Pious ; So that upon the whole I have great reason 
to be thankful! — M''^ Hewfon is very weakly has been confind Six months but is 
recruiting a little, my Self as I mentiond before about 1 2 weeks 
— and no longer ago then Yesterday I did not think it pofsible I 



2IO PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

could live one hour — my Cafe was so Critical; that if I could have had all the 
Medical Aid of the City at my Command ; they could not have been of the Least 
service ; nothing lefs then the Interposition of Divine Providence could be of the 
least Avail — Accordingly I lifted up my Heart in faith & humble Prayer to the 
Lord ; and pled his Promifes in the Name of our great Advocate the Lord Jesus 
Christ — I belivee it was not three minuets before I felt relief ; which Overcame me 
in such a manner thats better felt than Describ'd — The Difficulties, trials & Affiic- 
tions I have had to wade through in raising such a numerous family have been great, it 
would Allmost fill a volume to relate them ; if I was near you I should feel a Pleasure 
to recount them over to you, and how wonderfully the Lord has dealt with me ; and 
delivered me out of all my troubles, and here by his help am I come, to about 68 or 
69 years next September — But whats is best of all I have a bright prospect of a 
glorious Immortality when the Earthly House of this tabernacle is Disolved, I have 
a building of God not made with hands, Eternal in the Heavens ; this last Affliction 
has been made a Blefsing to my Soul, Sharp and painfull as it has been, I would not 
be without it for the world — It gave me great pleasure to see a Daughter of yours 
here, I think she is weakly with regard to her health ; but I believe she likes Phila- 
delphia pretty well 

If I surmount this Sicknefs, I shall write you again & give you a history of our 
Escape from the Island it was a wonderfull thing, but it was the Lords doing and it 
is marvelous in my Eyes ; the praise and Glory be to his great & Holy Name 

As to Politicks I have never Calld my self by any party name, But that of Ameri- 
can I feel as in 75 & never knew any change ; I love my Country ; I like its Gov- 
erment, and am determined to be Obedient to its Laws ; them that would wish to 
divide her deserve to be divided themselves 

Your Daughter & her Husband Send their love to you & your Wife, and are 
Anxious to hear from you ; her health is in a Mideling way ; she Complains a little 
of our heat ; they are prefsing for you to write — & I pray you on the receipt of 
this, you will let me have a line from you 

M''s Kendal is Dead more then ten years since ; I will give you her history in 
my next Moore is Dead a Long time, he lived a Disapated life, Stainer I believe 
is Dead a great while, he went to live in the Country & followed Butchering ; I am 
sorry you are so Deaf ; but be of good cheer in a little time we shall renew our 
Strength as the Eagles and mount and Sing arround the throne of God, I praise 
the Lord : I have my hearing good & have wrote the without the aid of Spectalles, 
& in all my sicknefs I have never lost the use of my mental powers ; nor had the 
head Ach one half hour 

I am a little better this morning the 18 June — & now my dear friend adieu for 
the present and if we never see each other in the flesh, may we meet in that place 
where all is peace and Rest — Yours — John Hewson. 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 211 

\Letter Niunher Two\ 

Point Road near Kensington 
4 July 1815 
My dear friend 
Rufus Lincoln 

I must beg your forgivenefs in not answering your last sooner, but the exstreeme 
debility my last affliction left me under, took away all my spirits & resolution for 
writing and a constant exspectation of your Daughters intention to go home to see 
you, made me postpone it to the present Opportunity : but I had very nearly mist it 
by being seised with a violent Cough & spitting about 4 weeks ago, which brought 
me full half as low as I was in my great affliction : but I am in the hands of that 
God who does wonders in the Heavens above & on the earth beneath, and who is 
now restoring me to a measure of health & usefulnefs again Glory be to his most 
Holy Name — I have just past the bound of time alotted to mortals, I have entered 
on my 71 year : and through the infinite goodnefs of my Gracious God : I retain the 
use of my limbs and my mental powers, my Eyesight is good, my hearing allso, & I 
am as upright as when we were on the Island. O Sir ! what cause for thankfullnefs ! 
my wife is recovered a little from her debillity, and if nothing happens to put her 
back, we propose to drink tea with your Daughter to morrow — I promis'd to give 
you a detail of what I past through when I left the Island ; it will be tedious, but it 
may beguile a gloomy hour, as well as show to you the superabundant goodnefs of 

a Gracious God to one of the very Cheifest of Sinners When we left Island, we 

went to the mouth of a Creek which led to barren Island & from that to the sea, 
it was about ten OClock at night ; We had prepared a large boat, but our Company 
not all ariving, we took a small Canoe which we could not stand in without danger 
of tumbling overboard — we proceeded down the Creek about a mile & then run 
her ashore & ballasste her with sand ; and proceeded to the Ocean, we soon had to 
encounter the breakers, which were terrible ; we exspected to be swallowed up ; but 
God preserved us. Glory be to his most holy name ! when we thought little of him 
he was mindful of us and saved us: I shall just mention there was a light in the 
lighthouse that evening, and it was at the abating of a storm, which two circum- 
stances was necefsary to be observed, but all these prudintial methods would have 
proved abortive, had the Lord not prevserv^ed us — Judge from the following; a 
Canoe a little wider than our bodies, and five of us pretty well fill'd it lengthways, 
we made Ogburn our Captain, and bound our selves to Obey his Command — he 
with a short paddle sat in the stern on the bottom of the canoe, and with incessant 
labour with his arms in the sea to his elbows, he kept her from falling in the trough 
of the sea, which if once done we should all have undoubtedly perished : my self & 
two more rowed with paddles, Blake sat on the sand on the bottom of the canoe, to 
bail the water out with his hat as it occasionally came in, we made an offing toward 
the Ocean of about 20 miles for fear the flood tide should be to powerfull for us and 
put us in view of Aliens Core at the Hook — we past several vefsels in the night, 
but we was as still as death, about One OClock as near as I can guefs, An awfull 
moment arived, The Sky blacken'd and the wind made a hollow dismal noise, the 
waves was raised about 3 feet high, and several times broke part over us ; I fainted 



212 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

twice on my seat with fatigue but did not fall, blake had a bottle of water by his 
side which he put to my mouth which revived me, we had half a gallon of spirits in 
the head of the canoe but no man dare to lose a stroke or stir from his seat, for one 
false stroke would have sent us all to the bottom — but I must not pafs by my feel- 
ings in the awfuU moment mentioned above, I felt Uneafy about my precious soul, 
for I had known the worth of it from 19 years of age, but I was in a backsliding 
state. I proposed a Question to myself : in the following way 

Soul : if it was left to your choice, which of the two would you choose ; 
Either to be taken prisoner by Aliens Core, 
or go down into this watry grave. 
The answer in my mind was quick : Let me go down in this great Deep, and fall 
into the hands of God, Rather than fall into the hands of Wicked men, whose 
tender Mercies are very Cruelty — I felt easy & sattisfied after this : and we con- 
tinued our labour till we heard the surf roar ; and the day began to dawn, we then 
rowed about to look for an inlet that we might not be forced to land in the surf, 
but as the daylight fast approach'd we discovered a Vefsel bearing down on us from 
New York, as if she had come on purpose for us. Our fears were alarmed & our 
Captain concluded we must land in the surf at all hasards ; We went as nigh as 
we could & waited the word of Command, When we ventured on the first wave 
the second knockt us all out of the boat & the boat on shore but it did not hurt us 
much ; only wetted all our cloaths and what was worse then all broke our bottle of 
Spirits, which one hundred Guineas I am sure would not have purchased it of us ; 
in our then weak & feble state — We gather'd our cloaths together and began our 
march towards the highlands of the never sink, but we had not gone more than a 
Quarter of a mile before a river or what is call'd Shrewsbury inlet presented be- 
tween us & the main land, this struck us with horror, as the vefsel was making fast 
towards us, We found a piece of board & tied all our cloaths on it, Ogburn our Cap- 
tain agreed to take charge of the board with our cloaths if we could venture to 
swim acrofs, myself ; M' Millard & Ogburn could swim — Rankin & Blake could 
not ; they agreed to hide themselves in the sand and wait our fate, Rankin said if 
we was saved he was sure we would save them, and if we perish'd he was willing to 
share our fate, but Blake wished himfelf back on the Island 

We now entered the river, it appeared to be about 200 yards wide, we swam 
hard for about 20 minuets, when I grew very sleepy & made some attempts to lay 
my head on the water to make the experiment, but something told me it would 
not do ; I wonderd I was allways in the middle of the river, & turning my self 
round I discover'd more water behind & before me than the whole was where we 
intered in, we were in a strong Eddy ; by this time the vefsel was opposite to us, 
and the hands upon deck stareing at us, but they dare not land in the surf, and per- 
haps they had no fire arms, & so they went on without attempting anything — I 
now drifted down to Ogburn to consult him on our situation, when I began to speak 
to him I could only wisper, he advised me to tread water, and try one hand on his 
board & rest a little, and then we would make one grand & last effort to gain the 
land, our cloaths or a good part of them at this juncture slipt of the plank, and all 
we could do was to send a wishfull look after them, we had but one half dollar 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 213 

among us all & that was in my velvet breeches pocket, which went of the plank 
with some shirts &c. — After I had rested say two or three minuets-, Ogburn gave 
the word, whorah for life we started of with a little fresh resolution, and exerted 
all our remaining Energies, it was 3 or 4 minutes before we was certain we gain'd 
on the land, but when we attain'd that knowledge, it seemed to instill fresh life & 
strength into us, and in 4 or 5 minuets more we found our feet on the sand, all I 
wanted now was to go to sleep while they got ready to climb the hills, but my Cap- 
tain made me Climb the mountains, for he insisted if I slept 5 minuets I should 
sleep the sleep of death — we at length reach'd the sumit of the mountains and 
staggered & fell like drunken men, till we came to a house, where the people treated 
us kindly gave us a warm breakfast, here we dried our Cloaths, and inquired if there 
was no poor men in the neighbourhood, some was soon introduced, we made a bar- 
gain with them to get a boat and row over the Inlet and look for our bretheren we 
left on the sand bar, and bring them safe to us ; and the canoe we stole to come of 
with, we gave them for their trouble, which they thought very good pay ; after we 
was all refresh'd we learnt that the Enemy made frequent excursions over to were 
we then was, so we got ready & took up our line of march, as I past along it ap- 
peared like a parradise to me, I could scarcely refrain from falling down & kifsing 
the ground, only I thought it favour'd to much of Idolatry We marcht 6 miles this 
day & could go no further, for I was very weak from what I had undergone, We 
stopt were two farmers were leaning over the fence on each side of the road ; & 
made our case known to them for we had no money, One of them said I will take 
the sick man myself & two more, the other said he would take the other two, when 
I got to his house his wife had me to bed in a crack, I had not slept an hour before 
she brought me something very good to take, and in half an hour after as good a 
supper was prepared for us as any perfon need to sit down to, this was in Monmouth 
County, were General How made so many wigs by his ill treatment, that they call'd 
him the wigg maker, the people at this house was more like a father & Mother to us 
than any thing else ; when they heard I had such a family & how I had been treated, 
they cheer'd me up & told me they would put a feather bed in a waggon & take me 
home without a farthing exspence, or if I could not march I might stay a month 
with them & they would take care of me without any charge whatever, but through 
their kind treatment I felt pretty well next morning, & off we Started for home like 
brave fellows without any money in our pockets, we reach'd Allentown this day, 
and made our cafe known to the Inhabitants, they told us we fhould not suffer ; but 
they had been hard prefs'd during the war, but about a mile from town there was 
some rich tory families and if we made application there, we would be well treated 
not out of love but for fear of having their names canvas'd over on such a businefs, 
I went to the door of a great house, the Gentleman appear'd, I addrefs'd him in 
the best maner I was capable, told him we hoped he would not look upon us in 
the light of common beggars, that we was perfons who loved our Country & had 
fought for it, tha[t] we had been prisoners, & had just made our escape from the 
Enemy, all we wanted was a little refreshment & a nights lodging, & if he thought 
proper we would give an Order on some suitable perfon in Philad^ for the payment 
of what we had ; they were ashamed to deny us, they were to have a ball that night 



214 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

& asked us if we would not wish supper pretty soon & retire to rest, by all means 
we answered & went to bed & slept sound while they danced ; The next morning 
we set of for the City, which we reach'd about 8 Olock in the evining — M^^ Ken- 
dal went before & broke it to my wife by degrees that she heard I was on the road, 
and presently that some people said I had been seen at the upper end of the town ; 
and she now found her mind pretty well prepar'd, she told her I was at the door, and 
she must introduce me herself and have the first Kifs of me, in welcome she said 
if she made good her words. Which was soon done to our mutal Comfort & Sat- 
tisfaction ; my wife had saved one fine Milch Cow out of the common reck of our 
property which with working all day & half the night in making Soldiers Shirts & 
pantaloons, she kept herself & 5 Chilldren from want, one died while I was on the 
Island — a particular circumstance, I must mention, I sent a letter to my wife just 
before I came of that she would see my face in 3 days from the reception of that 
letter, or never till we met in Eternity : but through an overholing kind Providence 
the letter did not reach her till the next morning after I got home, Edward Riche, 
the Taylor, that used to frequent M*"^ Kendals had a Suit of Cloaths that did not 
fit the perfon they were made for, they suited me very well, he made me take them, 
and pay whenever I could no matter when : so I was equipt of very nicely ; I now 
found my self as rich & happy as any one, & Struted about the streets as if I was 
somebody ; Congratulated by many & treated with confsdirable hospitality, but what 
a damp to this, was my poor wife Snaph short at home, but she was perfectly sattis- 
fied so that I was taken notice of and treated with hospitality 

You requested to know what became of M'^ Kendal : you must have heard her 
speak of a M*" Taylor, who was in the provo whom she used to vifit & do acts of kind- 
nefs for he pretended to be a great friend to the Country, and had been plundred & 
used exstreemly ill by the brittish & Cuningham the Gaaler ; he was a vile wiked 
abandoned wretch, I was a night or two with him in the provo, in New York when 
old Ammerman had me taken up I found he was very Obnoxious to the Btrittish : 
and they talkt of hanging him, and in short ites a wonder that Cunningham did not 
dispatch him among the Rest he murdered, at this time we had a Character among 
us whom we threatend to hang ; and these two were exchangd one for the other ; 
he came to the City, took lodgings at Edward Riche's Mothers, were there was two 
or three honest Yankee Captains boarded they had made some money ; and when 
they heard his doleful tale, their honest liberal hearts flew open to his relief, they 
clothed him like a Gentleman and shocking to relate, we have all the reason in the 
world to beelive he robb'd their trunks of two or three hundred dollars, as they had 
not the least suspicion of him, and was not so private as they ought to or might have 
been when these Gentlemen removed from the City : he went to board with M''^ 
Kendal, about this time She reciveed 3 or 4 hundred pounds from Congrefs in hard 
money for the Support she had given our officers he courted her or her money pretty 
hard, and soon carried the Garrison as his tongue was pretty well hung & had been 
well supplied from the Blarney Stone 

They were married : and the next thing must be to go into Businefs, he pretended 
he had red. certain information that a confiderable part of the goods they wanted 
was to be obtained at Boston for reasonable prices, she gave him the greatest part of 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 215 

her money, and away he goes to Boston, tells his tale of Sufferings & of woes, a 
worthy Gentleman was struck with his case, & invited him home & treated him 
with the greatest & truest hospatality : the Gentleman not suspecting his new Guest ; 
was not very particular with regard to his bureau or Secretary, or places where he 
often put money : Taylor soon found the way to it and had taken some cofiderable 
sums before he was detected, the first news we heard of him was that he was to be 
hang'd, but afterwards that he was imprison'd wipt & finaly Banish'd ; and proved 
at last to be a Butcher from the West Indies by this time M"^ Kendal or rather M^^ 
Taylor was deliver'd of a fine child, but her being in such trouble it did not live long 
She was now in very Critical circumstances, and was oblig'd to sell part of her fur- 
niture to support hers self & her aged Mother She now employ'd an old auctioneer 
son to sell her furniture in their Store which was full of all kinds of furniture & 
Cloathing & all kinds of articals which they would take of the people, and advance 
them a part, and its was pretty hard times ; as they went by to market they would 
get a little more, and so on till they got it all I have been so particular on this sub- 
ject that you may form a pretty correct Idea of her distrefs & of the Husband she 
was glad to take up with : he was about 22 years of age, wore an old great coat, 
and generally carried a bell in his hand to ring the people to attend the sale of some 
pins & needles, or some old cloaths, or some dirty things or other : He was only 
halfwitted, except it was in low cuning, tricking & lying of which he was a complete 
master, his father had form'd his mind to it ; and made him as Complete at it as him- 
felf ; he knew no shame, when he was detected in a lye he would laugh, however by 
some means he got her a good living, but not without confiderable disgrace ; as he 
was in Goal a whole year at one time, and other lefs periods afterwards She had 
two daughters & one Son by this Man, the son has turnd out bad ; the Girls pretty 
well; She has been dead about 13 years: She was a generous harted Woman, my 
family kept up an intimacy with her till she died, She profefs'd to know something 
of religon ; and our Charity must think the best 

Concerning Cap*^ Moore, he went to the hosptital and died Crasey Cap* Stainer 
& wife went to the Country to farming & graising I have seen him a few times 
come to the Market ; but for many years I have not seen him ; nor heard wether 
he is living or dead. Cap* Ja^ Smith of the Artilery that boarded with us at M** 
Kendals : is living & is treasurer of the City Council ; & is much of a Gentleman 
The mifs Piphey I have not heard of for many years ; the old Gentleman is dead a 
great while, one of the girls married to a Cap* Longhead, they made a dash for a 
Voiage or two & fail'd : they then moved towards new york. I have never heard of 
them since, nor what become of the other Sister (So much for the World) 

Now my much respected friend, I will trouble you with a few thoughts on a 
better Country & conclude : I can truly say, that whatever Comfort peace or Sattis- 
f action I may have exsprienced in a life of three score years & ten : has been in a 
religeous course, I have tryed the world in adversity & prosperity it promis'd much 
but perform'd little, and allways deceived me : the world is never sattisfied, unlefs 
it has all our time, all our talents, all our thoughts, & all our affections ; as to the 
Speculative notions of our fellow mortals, with regard to religion, they should have 
no weight with us ; either from the Deists ; or the more refined Speculations of 



2i6 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Philosofick Infidels : we that believe in divine revelation have a more sure word 
of Profphecy wherein we shall do well to take heed ; the foundation of our God 
standeth sure ; and the Lord knoweth them that are his, and how to deliver the 
Godly out of temptation, and to reserve the Unjust to the day of Judgment to be 
punished 

In my youth in England, I had promis'd myself a great deal of pleasure in the 
gratification of my Carnal appetites, as soon as I had Strength & money or means 
to pursue them ; I had scarcely commenced in the pursuit. When the Lord met 
me by the way and check'd me in my mad carreer of folly, it was without the aid of 
preaching ; it was on my bed three mornings succefsively that the Lord alarmed 
my fears convicted my Conscience & fill'd my Soul with horror at the thoughts of 
dying in an Unregenerate State, I sought the Lord by prayer & supplication to have 
mercy on me & pardon my numberlefs sins & transgrefsions for my Redeemers 
sake, I made my case known to a pious man whom I used to ridicule and treat with 
contempt, he gave me directions how to act, I forsook all my company and laboured 
hard to break of from the sin of profane swearing which I was much in the habit 
of ; I was very Ignorat & sin had harden'd my heart to a great degree, so that I 
made but slow progrefs in my christian race, but I have abundant to be thankful I 
was preserved from a thousand evils that my wicked heart would have led into had 
I not rec"^ this Merciful Visitation from the hand of God, I was now about 19 years 
of age, and continued to improve in spiritual knowledge slowly till I was twenty 22 
years old, when I took me a Wife, a virtuous amiable woman by whom I had 4 Chill- 
dren which I brought with me to this Country, my wife died in Child bed with her 
5 Child at Kensington, the war commencing brought me into a great strait, my 
Wigish principles too which I brought with me from England, took fire and I volan- 
tarily went to a Magistrate & took the Oath of Allegiance & fidelity to the states, 
renouncing all other subjection to any powers on earth 

The hurry bustle & learning Military duty which took place was not friendly to 
my religious concerns, what with so much new company & new perfuits in the Mili- 
tary life, soon darkend my evidences and in a Confiderable degree harden'd my 
Heart ; so that soon left of both secret & family prayer : And in this state of mind 
I continued for 6 or 7 years after my return from Captivity when the Lord was 
Pleased to lay his Merciful correcting hand upon me ; at first I did not observe the 
hand of God in it, till by repeated strokes I was awaked from my Stupor : I laid my 
plans & formed many schemes to get my bread & support my family in an honest 
way, they would seem to bid fair for a season ; but just as the fruits of my Industry 
appeard to be allmost Ripe for gathering : a sudden dissappointment took place & all 
the fruits of my labour was lost ; this was repeated again & again, till my Spirit 
was allmost broke, but did confider the hand it came from ; at length I felt de- 
termin'd to thrive, and aded another day to the week I mean the Sabboath of the 
Lord ; & exclaimed thus ; was it ever known from from the beginning ol the world : 
that a perfon that used such Industry as I have done & not be able to support 
his family — I immeadiately exclaimed I will thrive So you may see here a pots- 
herd of the earth striving with its maker : but all in vain — at length I was brought 
into great Straits, my Sabbath working in the room of helping me, brought the 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 217 

displeasure of God more upon me, my Fleshly arm could not match with Omnipo- 
tence ; the Lord knew how to humble me, and O what a Mercy it was he did not 
Cut me of with a Stroke, and number me with the dead & with the miserable & 
hopelefs for ever — at length I paused, and thought I see the hand of God upon me, 
One morning I set of towards the City, I had not gone more than a Quarter of a 
Mile from home, when I felt an Unuseal tendernefs in my mind, which tears from 
my Eyes, I made a Stop, and spake in this way : O Lord I hear thy warning voice 
& thy gracious call to my precious Soul, strike home, strike me in the tenderest 
part ; only let it be in mercy, and to bring me back to thy self, from whom I have 
so deeply revolted — I stood some time in this place till my mind felt greatly eased ; 
I then went on to the City & returned to my family in the evening — and then 
sought a Secret place to pour out my wants & Complaints at a throne of Grace, 
which I had not done for some years before ; it was not long before I was Sattisfied 
the Lord had restored me to his favor & peace, and he taught me how to live by 
faith for things pertaining to this world, as well as spiritual blefsings for the Soul ; 
I became as sattisfied even when I did not know where the next days support was 
to come from, as if I had a million in the Bank : I was enabled to rely upon a promise 
making & a promise fullfiling God — the Lord now gently cleared my way; and 
opened hearts & hands to help me on — no more blasts & curfes on my Industry, 
and nothing could be sweeter than to know that the blefsing of God was with me 
in all I undertook & did ; and often exceeded my Exspectations, you might be led 
to think I might have grown rich ; but I never cared much about that, and through 
the afsistance of divine grace I was Enabled to conquer that pafsion at a very early 
period of my life — and though not rich, I have been a Useful Citizen & not the 
worst of neighbours — and have had an oppertunity of laying up treasure in Heaven ; 
I am now on the verge of Eternity, allmost in sight of the promised land ; but still 
feel a need to watch & pray least I should enter into temptation ; I am still in an 
Enemys Country and have need to put on the whole armour of God : that I may be 
able to stand in the day of trial & death : I have been brought so near as allmost to 
behold his ghastly visage — When I look't at my past life, it appeared nothing but 
one foul blot ; if I took a view of what is calld our good deeds or our own righteous- 
nefs, they were no better than filthy rags — I was therefore constrain'd to renounce 
them all ; and rest my naked Soul on the Infinitely precious Blood & merrits of my 
Gracious Redeemer, this hope I found to be as an anchor to my Soul both sure & 
stedfast — and now my dear friend, I am completely tiered of with writing ; and I 
doubt not but you will be more tiered of reading my lengthy Epistle : but if my old 
companion in exile can find any thing in it to Entertain, or to Comfort, or encourage 
him to try to meet me in our fathers house above, I shall be amply rewarded. 
[The remainder of this letter has been lost.] 



2i8 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

\_Letter Number Three] 

Philadelphia 23'' November 181 5. 
Dear Sir 

I Rec^ your favor p"" your daughter M.^^ Feilds, and Rejoiced to hear of your 
health and wellfare, and was pleased to hear that my long Epistle did not waste all 
your patience, When I mentiond to my Wife that you had some thoughts if you was 
spared another year ; you would try to see this great City ; she was delighted with 
the thought : But the Lord has seen fit in his Infinite goodnefs and mercy to call 
her away frorri all terrestial Objects to that Rest which he has prepared for them that 
love him — She Departed this life on the thirtieth of September last, after about 
nine years Suffering and Affliction in the Sixty Fourth year of her age ; my dear 
friend, I have lost in her, a faithfull Wife, a good & kind Mother to my five Mother- 
lefs Children I had when we came together, as she was to the twelve Children I had 
by her — about forty one years we lived together in love & unity ; and it seemed 
to me the more infirm she grew ; the more my love and affection grew towards her, 
her very bones seemed precious to me. She bore her affliction with faith & patience, 
had her mental powers till within about 15 minuets of her death, it appeared to all 
present, that Death did not approach her as a King of terrors, but as a Mefsenger 
of peace, to convey her Spirit to the arms of her Redeemer, I am sattisfied she is 
gone to Glory, and is now joined with them who came out of much tribulation and 
have washed their Robes & made them white in the Blood of the lamb ; in praising 
God & the Lamb : and Celebrating the astonishing wonders of Redeeming love ; 
which God grant in his Infinite mercy that you & I may meet around his gracious 
throne to join in the blest Employ throughout a glorious Eternity 

Your Son^ is a fine young man, pleasant & agreeable in his manners, I had 
but a short time with him, I drank tea with him at my Sisters yesterday after- 
noon, I felt an atachment to him, and could Recognise the father in his coun- 
tenance, his forehead & Eyes particularly I have not forgot your perfon, I often 
see you in my mind as plain as when we was together — I was to have wrote 
this to day, but having a great deal of businefs on hand it was defered till night, 
so that I have wrote this by candle light & in haste ; you will please to excuse 
the incorrectnefs of it, as your Son sets of early in the morning — I forgot to 
mention that while my wife lay on her dying bed, about 4 days before she died, 
I was jumping out of my Gig: when my foot caught in the Reins and threw 
my head on the brick pavement & my hips on the Curbstone, & had liked to have 
fractured my Scull, but the Lord Upheld me by his Unseen hand, his holy name 
be praised — I was very much bruised and could scarcely walk for some time ; 
but I have great Reason to be thankful, I was able to be with my wife in her 
dying moments, and prayed with her till She departed — Although a Stranger : 
please to give my Respects to your wife & all your Family — if I was able to 
travel & lay out in strange beds I would come & see you, but though I do not 
look very old ; yet I am very tender from my great Sicknefs — its now ten 
OClock Adieu my dear friend for the prefent John Hewfon 

1 Bradford Lincoln. 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 219 

{^Letter Number Fom-] 

Point road 8 July 181 7 
My Greatly Respected Friend 
M"" Rufus Lincoln 

I embrace this oppertunity of troubleing you with one more of my tedious Epistles 
before I go home and am no more seen — I have enquired after your health fre- 
quently of your Daughter M^'s Field and rejoice to hear that it is as well as can be 
exspected — and I humbly hope you are daily meditateing & preparing for that un- 
changable State to which we are both so rapidly hastening 

With Regard to my own health it has been very poorly the last winter; in 
the cold spell, I was confined to the house about 8 or 9 weeks, and was so very 
weak I could scarcely put of my Cloaths, or put them on again, I could hardly 
flatter myself I should see the end of May — but the Lord doeth wonders in 
the Heavens above and on the earth beneath : and he has still spared me a 
liveing monument of his Unmerited Mercy and a subject of his free Grace, and 
within the last two weeks I have been better than I have been for a year past — -The 
Lord knows for what and it pleased him to Raise me up again — I think it begins 
to appear ; one of my sons has so ruin'd himself by drinking and Company, that he 
abandoned his wife & three children, and took no care or thought for them ; So that 
in Order to get him away from all his old companions & habits, we have persuaded 
him to go to the westward, say to Measoile or Cincinatia which he was very willing 
to do, and as he knows how to use Carpenters tools, we gave him some with him, he 
intends to bind himfelf to a perfon we have sent him to for 2 or 3 years to complete 
him felf in the Carpenters businefs — he could not be supported no longer here — 
and now if he improves his time & oppertunity that providence has put in his hand 
if he does not get the perishable Riches of this world ; he will have time and op- 
pertunity to seek the Salvation of his precious never dying Soul — I have had my 
other Son James in the Hospital one year at 4 $ p"" week. I have had him home 
about 5 weeks, and next week he goes to the westward also, and its highly probable 
I shall see them no more — but if their Souls are saved it is Enough 

I have Also a Son in law that has run of in debt and disgrace, from his Wife 
& three children, but they have gone after him, but not with my confent, as 
I believe nothing but poverty, illtreatment and ruin will be the result of it 
I reckon by this time my dear friend, you begin to think that this is a heavy load 
for the shoulders or heart of a feeble Old Man in his seventy third year to bear, 
I confefs it is ; and sometimes for a few moments it seems as if it would overwhelm 
me ; but in general it is not so — I confider that all is mercy while I am out of Hell, 
and the Lord graciously supports me — and in a little time my sufferings will be 
over and my heavenly rest will be the sweeter — After all, my dear friend, I have 
great cause for thankfullnefs — my Eldest son is a comfort and a Credit to me and 
I have some good Daughters & sons in law, I am able also at the present time to 
look after the Estate I am Exco'' to, which is a pretty toilsome peice of businefs ; it 
requires me to ride out nearly every fine day that comes — a few days ago I walkt 
a mile out and in again, I do not walk very fast, but as upright as when I was with 
you — I very much approve of the conduct of your Daughter & Son in Law M^ 



220 PAPERS OF CAPTAIxN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Field — they do not dash away and make a great shew, in parties balls, and plays 
& vauxhalls and every foppish thing the old corrupted world is pleased to send us 
over, to draw us away from our plain republican principles — no. they live this 
week as if they exspected to live another, and as if Society had some claims on their 
conduct — I think this musfbe a great comfort to you in your declining years 
I will here transcribe a few thoughts that I wrote with a vew to leave them behind 
me for the benefit of my Children — but I now find I need them myself — they 

are as follows — 

Thoughts on trouble & Affliction. 

Feeling in my mind some strong forebodings of great Affliction and sore trials 

which it appears to me highly probable may take place in my Family ; 

I desire to be prepared for the event whatever it may be — In the first place, I 
profefs to be a Christian and to believe in the Scriptures of Eternal truth — 
I would ask is there any affliction so great, that God is not able to support the 
Christian under and to bring him safely through them, yea has he not pro- 
mised to do it, he has ! Then I will sppose that some Strange and unthought 
of trial should take place in my family — Shall I say this is to hard, I cannot 
bear it, I never can endure it, It will kill me, it must kill me 

I such a sentiment fell from the lips | 

I of some of my family, which gave rice [rise,] < 
\ to these reflections. \ 

Is not this denying the faith, and imitating the Infidels and Unbelieving 
World — If our Holy & blefsed religeon can do us no more good than this, we 
are of all men the most miserable — but had we not better kifs the rod and 
adore the hand that appoints or permits it — But this trial is very disgracefull 
as well as sorely afflictive — then let us be caref ull not to think more highly 
of our selves than we ought to think — there is great danger of falling into this 
Sin — I would rather make an application to my self in this way, 

many of my fellow Creatures, Aye & fellow Christians too, have met with 
as painfull & as disgracefull afflictions as what I am now exercised with — 
And were they all kill'd or lost, I answer No — many of them have been 
cured, and come forth as gold purified in the fire 

all flesh is as grafs, and all the glory of man as the flower of grafs, and the grafs 

withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away But the word of the Lord endureth 

forever 

Now this is the Use I will endeavour to make of all the painfull & sore trials 
I may be exercised with in my journey to my heavenly rest — and recommend 
the same to every branch of my family that profefs to believe in the Scriptures 
of Eternal truth 

First I confefs to God that I am a poor poluted Guilty Rebelious hell deserving 
Sinner, and deserve nothing from the hand of God. but to be degraded in 
the lowest degree that the human mind can pofsibly conceive of, Before an 
afsembled World of men and Angels — and then to be banished from the 
presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power for ever 

The Scriptures teach this — my heart feels it, and I can set to my Seal that God 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 221 

and his word is true — If it should prove the Infidel and Unbelieving World to be 
liars 

Therefore I would say : Lord what am I or my fathers house, that thou hast 
brought me hithertoo. 
Thou hast brought me from a low Estate, and bestowed numberlefs blefsings upon 
me, and has promised me for a great while to come — Now O my God, if it should 
seem good in thy Unering wisdom to afflict me in my own perfon, or in the ten- 
derest branches of my family ; prepare me for it I pray the ; and support me 
under it and finally bring me safely through it — I feel a heed of this advice at this 
very moment — The Lord enable me to put in practice my own Counsel, that I 
have wrote for the good of my family, as I greatly need it at this time for my own 
comfort and consolation : waves of sorrow are roling over my Aged Head — but I 
have one consolation, I am allmost in sight of my haven of Eternal Rest, for which 
I desire to be exceedingly thankfull 

to morrow 5 July My son setts of for the westward & a grandson with him 

my son has been gone about 5 weeks — I never exspect to see them any 

more in this world — but my prayers may be answered after I am no more — 
they are in the Lords hand, and the Judge of all the Earth cannot but do right : 
My dear friend, we must not think to go to Heaven on a bed of roses — the 
question was askt, from whence came these, [the answer was] these are they 
that have come out of much tribulation, and have wash'd their robes and made 
them white in the blood of the Lamb ; 
May we be willing to follow them who now through faith and patience inherit the 
promifes — while I am writing it seems as if I was conversing with you, your 
perfon appears to the eye of mind as plain as if you was prefent, so well do I re- 
member you — You must remember Cap^ Smith of the Artilery that boarded with 
us at M''^ Kendals, a fine healthy looking young man at that time, and well behaved, 
I have never seen him from the time we left the City till about 9 months ago, and I 
did not know him no more than if I had never seen him, he was treasurer to the 
City Corporation, but through some misfortune he has lost his office — he informed 
me that he was Sent to the southward, and was in many hard conflicts with Gen^ 
Green, which broke his Constitution and made him look so Old — You rembember 

George B r. he went to the southward also, but he lived as fast as he was able 

a disipated life, which soon terminated his carreer. 

I will thank you to just mention something about Lent. Linsay, how he con- 
ducted himself after I left you as I have never heard any thing concerning 
him since I left the Island 
I am afraid I shall tire you with my tedious Epistele, but it may be the last, and 
your Daughter Encourages me ; so I hope you will exscuse me — but it may be- 
guile a lonely hour, and if any hint that drops from my pen, should be owned by 
providence to be of the least service to your better part, my Soul shall blefs the 
Lord — and as we have been Exiles together here in this wildernefs world, may 
we through the free umerited grace of God meet together in our fathers Houfe 
above — and there to talk over and remember the way that he has led us through 
this wildernefs world — and sing the wonders of his redeeming love throughout 



222 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

the Countlefs ages of Eternity which is the humble prayer of your affectionate 
friend. 

John Hewfon 
N. B. 

I exspect a few lines 
by the return of 
your Children and 
may the Lord preserve 
them out going & coming 
home — and please to give 
my best respects to your 
dear wife 



^Letter Number Five] 

My Old Respected Friend 30''' March 1S19 

IVf Rufus Lincoln 
Dear Sir 

This is the 6 Month I have been Confin'd to my Room within 4 feet of a large 
fire night & day, I have had two violent Colds in the time attended with very severe 
exspectorations — the first reduced me to a Skeleton I was in danger of Strangling 
with ray cough many times — but the Lord was pleas'd to restore me contrary to all 
human exspectations — it was many weeks before I got any flesh, strength, or appe- 
tite — but when I had got pretty well on my feet & could walk well about the room, 
I took a fresh cold without going out of my room, which settled on my lungs or 
liver I do not know which, (nor no perfon can tell me) but it brought on the most 
violent exspectorations I ever beheld in my life, which held about two weeks, with 
severe pains on my sides — I did not send for any Physician, but was twice bled & 
helpt my self as well as I could, consulting the great weaknefs & debility of my 
Constitution — my Daughter became alarmed & sent for our Physician he prevcrib'd 
for me, I took once of it, but I could bear no more, my inside seem'd so raw & sore 
that I could not bear either food or medecine to approach it, the very thoughts of 
either seem'd worse to me than Death in any Shape — for all this the D"" pronounced 
me Convalesant — and as I had got so far with the little help that I had — he 
lookt very gravely at me, & told me he had bad news to tell me, & repeated it 
twice over, Why what is it I replied, Why I can asure you ; you will not get to 
Heaven in lefs than seven years ; but I humbly hope he is greatly Mistaken 

My Cough left me almost in one day, but I felt as if my inside was all spit away, 
and was reduced to a Skeleton again — without appetite, and my inside seem'd to 
be blood raw — but contrary to all human exspectations, the Lord has rais'd me 
up again, my inside is healing & my appetite is returning — but my Sufferings has 
been great, the very thoughts of them fills me with horror — yet while I was suffer- 
ing the Lord supported me & kept me resign'd to his gracious Will, If at any time I 
was tempted to complain — I was enabled to silence it (With all is Mercy while I 
am out of Hell) I have not the least doubts but there is a need be that I am exer- 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 223 

cised with manyfold afflictions — I number them among my Choicest blefsings I 
have received from my merciful & gracious God. I am now got to the top of March 
hill which I never exspected, & am in some exspectation of getting out in about two 
weeks from this 

I seem to live as on the verge of Eternity & my heart often says, O^ that I 
could climb where Moses stood & view the landscape over, Not Jordans streams nor 
Death's cold flood, should fright me from the shore — I think the 20 of this Month 
is 40 years & six months sence I see you last, it seems but as yesterday ; when I am 
thinking of you I recolect your perfon as well as if it was only a few weeks, — your 
Daughters health is delicate, but I believe it is improving your are happy in a Son 
in law : M'" Field is a good Husband, and a Steady man in his Businefs — Now my 
worthy Friend. I exspect you begin to see the vanity of all Sublunary things, and 
that there is nothing here can sattisfy the vast desires of an Immortal Spirit or make 
us happy, this is not our Rest : but there is one prepar'd for us, and may we never 
Stop short of Obtaining an Earnest of that Inheritance that God has prepar'd for 
them love him — The Lord has been very gracious & good & longsuffering towards 
us in sparing & protecting us to a good old age, & has enabled us to raise up our 
large families, and to see our Childrens Children ; and what Astonishing Mercy that 
we was not cut of in our sins as cumberers of his ground, and number'd with the 
hopelefs & miserable for ever — Glory be to his holy Name — I did not think I 
should live to trouble you with any more of my long & tedious Epistles — but must 
intreat you to Recieve it as it is meant, in sincerity & in truth — we are a great 
way apart from each other now — but in a very short time we may may see each others 
face in Eternity — This is but the infancy of our Existance. May the Lord in his in- 
finite Wisdom & goodnefs grant that we may so progrefs in holinefs in this world, that 
we may be prepared to progrefs in happinefs through the countlefs Ages of Eternity 

— which God of his Infinite Mercy grant may be our happy lot for Jesus Christs sake. 
Amen & Amen — Please to present my Respects to your Bosom Companion & to 
your whole Family — and though we are strangers to each other here — we may be 
better acquainted if we are so happy to meet in our Fathers House above 

Note. When you write to your 
Children — please to give me 
as many lines as you can 
without too much wearinefs 
to your Self 

John Hewfon 
[Letter Number Six\ 

Mansion House — point Road 
My much Respected Nov' 20'" 1819 

friend. M'" Rufus Lincoln. 
Sir 

I Rec^ your favor of 6^^ June ult. and am happy to hear you are as well as you 
are, and although your hearing is bad, the Lord still blefs's you with your eyesight 

— praised be his holy Name, it would be great affliction to be depriv'd of our eye- 



224 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

sight, I have nearly lost my hearing in one Ear 3 or 4 different times, but through 
the goodnefs of God they are both at this time very near as good as ever — I will 
tell you all I have done to them, their is a great deal of dust gets into them which 
mixes with small bits of the hair that grows in our ears, and by degrees gets among 
the wax & adheres fast to it, which prevents the wax from rising up & coming away 
freely, it then grows hard & stops the hearing — I observ'd the following method. I 
took a piece of wood from the smoothest part of the hickory & pared it very smoth 
with a sharp penknife rather broad at the end than round, & after putting two drops 
of sweet oil in for 3 or 4 days previous, I put my smooth stick in 2 inches is long 
enough, one to hold fast with your fingers, the other to put gently in your ear, if in 
pafsing down it should seem to hurt the organ or tender part of the Ear, take it out 
& examine it & smooth it a little more, then ease it down till you feel it enter 
into the wax, & when its as far as you can get it without hurting your self, then prefs 
the stick against the side of your Ear & raise it up gently — by this means I brought 
up a piece of hard wax as large as a small pea mixt or matted with small bits of hair, 
and after resting a few days & then repeating the same over again I got 2 or 3 peices 
more out, & then my hearing was Restor'd, this I have done several years ago & 
always succeeded, in my last affliction I repeated it & succeeded better than ever — 
I am very particular every time I shave or wash my self, to clean the inside of my 
ears with the towel from all dust &C that may have gather'd, and to rub them hard 
with a dry towel till they glow with heat — last spring my left ear was so deaf, that 
when I stood close to my Clock with that ear towards it, I could not hear its motion, & 
if I laid with my Right ear on my pillow I could not hear the Clock strike, though only 
12 feet from my head — now if you should think it worth your while to take so much 
trouble about your Earthly tabernacle & you should obtain any Relief to your hear- 
ing I shall be very thankfull, in being the instrument of communicating any tem- 
poral or Spiritual good to my worthy friend — my hearing is at this time very near 
as good as ever & my Eye sight you may form a judgment of, when I tell you I 
wrote this small hand without the aid of my Spectacles, I had them its true stick- 
ing in my Wig, but I made no use at all of them, what cause of thankfullnefs ! I 
believe I wrote you how ill I was last spring twice at the point of Death ; I bespoke 
my Coffin ; but the Lord has seen fit to bid my dry bones live, & has raised me up 
again — since about the 2d week in may I have been able to ride out about my busi- 
nefs 3 or 4 days in the week, & sometimes to walk a mile, my Cough is gone but is 
easily excited, by a little exertion, or a Cold wind blowing on me, or standing to near 
a fire — In short I feel death working through every part of my Sifstem ; I live as on 
the very verge of Eternity, almost within sight of the promis'd land — 

Could I but climb where 
Mofes stood, & view the 
Landscape over. Not deaths 
cold streams nor Jordans 
flood should fright me from 
the shore 
With regard to my Eyes, about 25 years ago I see in one of our Newspapers an ac- 
count of an old person whose Eyes fail'd him very much at the age of 50. he took 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 225 

to dipping his Eyes wide open in cold spring water every morning till he was 75 
years old, & then declar'd he could see as well as he could at 25 I followed the same 
rule with numbers of my fellow Citizens, & as far as it has come to my knowledge, 
it has produc'd nearly the same Effects 

This is all very good in its place, but may our chief concern be about our Spir- 
itital Eyesight & Hearing, to Consider if we have look'd into the glafs of God's holy 
law, and seen our selves poor & miserable blind & naked, lost undone for ever 
without an Intrest in Christ, who is the end of the law for righteousnefs to every 
one that Believeth ; he has made a full & perfect attonement for the sins of a ruin'd 
guilty world, he has sattisfied the Divine Justice, & Magnified his fathers law which 
we had broken & made it Honorable ; having fulfiU'd all righteousnefs Christ has 
remov'd every impediment out of the way, the vail is rent, & he has entered into 
the holy of holy's to present his own blood in the presence of God. for us, — and 
now he is calling to us from Heaven by his word & by his Spirit, to come to him. he 
that hath an hear to hear his voice come ; & him that is athirst come, & whoso- 
ever will let him come & take of the water of life freely ; let us go to him as we are, 
& carry nothing with us as a price in our hand but as poor perishing Sinners, look- 
ing to recieve from him in a way of Unmerited mercy, love & grace, a full & free 
Salvation, from the foundation to the top stone — Shouting grace, grace, unto it — 
May the Blef sed Jesus never say to my friend & me. Ye will not come to me that ye 
might have life 

Every man in his natural state inclines to save himself by some exertion of his 
own, he does not like God's way of saving Sinners, but seems determin'd to go 
to Heaven on a ladder of his own Construction or not at all — for I meet with few 
people, especially among the worldy wise, who are sattisfied with the way the Lord 
is pleas'd in his infinite Unering Wisdom to govern this lower World, because he has 
not made known to them all the surest springs of Nature, how a dusky grain of wheat 
deposited in the Earth rots & dies, & looses not its germ of life, but raises up a beau- 
tifull green blade, they are displeas'd because they are not as wise as God : is it 
any wonder that they are displeas'd with his Goverment of the Spiritual & Eternal 
World for if they believe not in his righteous Providence & goverment of Earthly 
things, how shall they believe when he tells them of Heavenly things O^ my dear 
friend, what should we be without the Blefsed Gospel I convers'd with a youth 21 
years old the other day who told me the Idolatrous heathen nations was as good in 
the sight of God as the best Christians on earth, it being the fashion & custom of 
their Country there was no sin in it & that the learn'd heathens of athens, greece & 
rome were more wise & virtious, than the most wise & virtious of ancient or mod- 
ern Christians at this day ; when I observ'd to him that some of his wise heathen 
teachers had a boy for a bedfellow, he roundly afserted there was no more sin in it 
than for a man to cohabit with his Wife : because it was the Custom of the Country 
I just mention these things to shew what would be our situation without The Bible 
— praise the Lord, we have a sure word of Prophecy wereunto we shall do well to take 
heed — now the best thing I can pray for. for my self & my friend is, that we may 
both have a lot & portion in the root & ofspring of David : and that our hopes of a 
Blefsed Immortallity may be built on that Book, which was to the Jews a Stumbling 



226 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

block, & to the Greeks foolishnefs — may you & I my dear friend be often refresh'd 
from that Book that sattisfied the thirsty Israelites in the wildernefs, & exsperience 
that he is the bread & water of life to our Souls — and that the mind that is in 
him may be form'd in us the hope of Glory ; and I humbly pray that we may daily 
exsperience more & more of his preciousnefs to our Souls, and that under the divine 
influence of his grace & holy Spirit we may daily ripen as shocks of corn to be 
gather'd into his Heavenly Garner ; if we never see each others face in the flesh, 
may we meet in our fathers House above, & recognise each others face & join with 
the happy Spirits around his glorious throne in praising him for the wonders of his 
redeeming Love through the countlefs Ages of Eternity — please to excuse the 
incorrectnefs of my Ideas, as I have not the command of them as I could wish — 
the week my Wife died I fell out of my Gig. & hurt my head very much & bruis'd 
my Body confiderably, it has left a lethergy in my head & stupidity always inclining 
me to sleep, if I sit still any length of time ; so that I am oblidg'd to get up & walk 
— I feel pleas'd at seeing another of your Children ; may the Lord blefs them all & 
make them a Comfort to you in your old age, your Son has began to exsperience. 
affliction & bereavment at an Early day, may he make a wise improvement of it, 
and I humbly pray that the Lord may Sanctify it to him ; & make it a blefsing to 
his precious Soul, & that he may one day be able to say its good for me that I have 
been afflicted, it is one Item, in the Will & Testament of our Dear Saviour be- 
queath'd to his Diciples & chilldren, but if we love him, the promise is ours, out of 
them all he will deliver us — about lo days ago one of my Grandsons was married ; 
a Grand Daughter also, so there seems a probability if I survive this winter, I may 
become a great Grandfather But I say to my Soul, rather Rejoice, that your name 
is written in the Lambs book of life I have now living 46 grand Children have 
buried 14 — 60 in the whole ; may they be a Seed to serve & Glorify God. in thier 
day & generation — you will please to exscuse my long Epistle ; if it should be my 
last, we will talk it over when we meet at home in our fathers House — please to 
give my love & respects to your Bosom Companion & to all the branches of your 
family 

I remain with great 
Respect your Sincere 
friend 

John Hewfon fen' 

l^Leiier Ntmiher Seven] 

Philadelphia i November 1820 
My old friend 
Rufus Lincoln 

I can only sett a few minuets to write at this time, having been taken with a 
violent fit of the Infleuenza, on Monday morning last, which has reduced me to the 
last exstremity I can scarcely look for 6 days longer if it continues — you will there- 
fore excuse my short Epistle — I am on the verge of great Eternity at no time has 
it appear'd to be my home & resting place so much as the present, my dear friend 
prepare to follow me, to dwell where Jesus is, will make amends for all our suffer- 



THE JOHN HEWSON LETTERS 227 

ings here, if in the course of our correspondance I may have dropt a hint whereby 

you have derived the least encouragement to flee to Jesus as your ark of Safety — 

I shall greatly rejoice in hopes of our meeting together to behold his glorious face 

in Heaven — where the Wicked cease from troubling and the weary pilgrim shall 

for ever be at rest ; which the Lord in mercy grant may be realised to us •— Adieu 

dear friend till Eternity breaks in upon our Disembody'd Spirits — My Dying love 

to your dear Wife & all your Children 

John Hewson, Sen"" 



SECTION TEN 



The Gamaliel Bradford who wrote these letters was a lieutenant in Captain Rufus Lincoln's 
Company, in the 7th Mass. Regiment of the Line, Colonel J. Brooks, commanding. His father, 
Gamaliel Bradford, Senior, was colonel of the 14th Mass. Regiment of the Line. Rufus Lincoln 
was a captain in this regiment also. 

L. Trescot was an old army friend. 



LETTERS FROM ARMY FRIENDS 

[^Letter Number One] 

Boston Jany 30. 18 19 
Dear Sir 

I lately deceived a letter from you, otherways I should not have known you was 
in the land of the living, but this informed me that you was living and in the land of 
Wareham where shall direct this letter with the sincere hope it may find you well 
and happy and enjoying all the good things of this life and the consolations which 
are derived from the hopes of a better — It is a pleasure to me to hear there are so 
many of our old revolutionary associates still on this side the grave, although none 
of us can be far from this rendezvous of clay — I believe I am the youngest of the 
whole band, and I am far descended down the vale of years — I am fifty five and 
this is late in the afternoon of life — The last time you saw me I was not over twenty, 
a mere boy — We should therefore hardly remember each other if we were to meet ; 
yet I think I should recognize my old captain, so well are his former looks imprest 
on my mind and memory. And it would give me great pleasure to meet you and talk 
over old events, and live over old scenes — What changes have taken place in the 
world, since our seperation as well as in ourselves — perhaps my life has been more 
checkered, and more marked with adventures than any of my old fellow soldiers — 
Very soon after I quit the army I adopted the profession of a Seaman — This was a 
new and to me a hard life — but I had no trade, and no fortune, and something must 
be done to gain a living — I was young and could endure hardships for I was used 
to them — two years perseverance in the miserable life of a common sailor, quallified 
me for promotion, and so I gradually rose to the command of a ship — I followed the 
sea from twenty one till I was forty five years old, and in course of these twenty 
four years I have seen much of the world, learned much of men and manners, and 
passed through scenes which it is my principal pleasure now to reflect that I shall 
pass through them no more. If however I have suffered, I have also enjoyed much ; 
and it would be ungrateful perhaps for me to say that in the distribution of good 
and evil to me. I have not shared a due proportion of the former — I had a great 
desire and curiosity to visit distant parts of the world, and to see the customs and 
manners and habits of other nations — this desire has been amply gratified and I 
have received no small pleasure and happines in satisfying in so large a degree this 
curiosity — In my voyages I have successively visited the four quarters of the globe, 
Europe, Asia, Africa & America — I have been in almost all the different coun- 
tries of Europe viz. England, France, Spain, Itally, Portugal, Germany, Denmark & 
Russia, and in most of the capital cities of each to say London, Lisbon, Naples, 
Copenhagen, S^ Petersburg — also in Liverpool, Bordeaux Cadiz, Malaga, Leghorn, 
Venice ; in Sicily, Malta, Madeira & other Islands in the Atlantic ocean and in many 



232 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

of the West Indies together with many other places and parts of this great world 
which I shall not now fatigue you by enumerating. Among the strange things I 
have seen, I have seen Bonepart, and the old friend to America Lewis the Sixteenth, 
who has since had his head cut off and other kingly personages — You say you heard 
I had lost a leg — this is true but it was so long ago I have almost forgotten it, and 
perhaps should not now remember it at all if I was not too forcably and fatally re- 
minded of it every time I want to rund or dance or even walk — You seem to desire 
to know how this happened I will endeavour to give you a short history of it — I have 
had a good deal of fighting to do since army times — I commanded an armed ship, a 
letter of marque two voyages during a short halfway war with the french in 1799 and 
1800 — and in these two voyages was called to defend my colours four times — the 
first time I was attacked by four privateers who were more than five times my force, 
but I fairly beat them off, and bro't my ship safely into port in spite of them — after 
engaging them from ten oC. in the morning untill after sunset — The second & third 
times the enemy was but small force and were easily defeated — The fourth & last 
time was 8^^ July 1800 — I was attacked by three privateers of much superior force, 
which after an action of four hours we beat them off as usual ; but in this action I 
recieved a grape shot in my thigh which obliged me to have my leg taken off and 
thus I became a cripple for life — I have however generally enjoyed good health and 
have not led an inactive life since notwithstanding the misfortune and have com- 
manded a ship several voyages since so you see I dont give up for trifles — I quit the 
Sea about ten years ago, and for the last five have been in the command of a ship 
fast moored on terra firm a — that is to say the State Prison this station gives me 
fifteen hundred dollars a year — I have a family of seven children — but the great- 
est affliction with which I have been visited is the loss of a most amiable and beloved 
wife — she died about 18 months ago, and I am left a solitary and mournful man — my 
children are scources of comfort for me, but happiness if fled with my dearest and 
best friend 

I have thus my old friend and messmate given you a long sketch of my past life 
and adventures, and present state and circumstances I feel obliged to you for your 
remembrance of me and my father — he lived to a good old age, and departed in Feby. 
1807 

I hope you get the pension, altho' I should be sorry to know that by reason of 
reduced circinnstances you recdtlie assistance of the country — These are the degrading 
terms upon which this pension is to be granted — There would have been more of 
Justice as well as gratitude in the government to have said we give you this because 
you deserve, rather than because you need the assistance of your country — Our old 
brethren in this neighbourhood are not satisfied with the terms and conditions nor 
with the rate of this late pension law and we have petitioned Congress again upon 
the subject of half pay, but with what success time and the liberal sentiments of the 
goverment will determine 

I remain my old friend 
Yours Sincerely 

Gam^ Bradford 
Captain Rufus Lincoln 
War eh am 



LETTERS FROM ARMY FRIENDS 233 

[Letter Number Two] 

Boston June 21 1821 
Dear Sir 

I received your letter yesterday, and am sorry it did not come a week sooner, as 
about that time the committee of the Cincinnati met, but they will not have another 
meeting for such business untill winter. Whenever there shall be an opportunity I 
shall use my influence in your favour. I received an application of the like nature 
from our old friend an companion Captain John Fuller, and obtained for him fifty 
dollars. 

He lives in the State of Vermont, and his circumstances appear to be very simi- 
lar to yours — he obtained the pension under the first act, but upon a valuation of 
his property, under the second, it appearing that he was worth three or four hundred 
dollars without deducting his debts, he was cut off from any further benefit as a 
pensioner — a most scandalous transaction, and too shameful to be recorded in the 
history of any nation that wishes to preserve the character of justice or common 
honesty 

I am sorry for your ''many infirmities'' and wish as St Paul advises Timothy, 
that you were not obliged to drink water, but could use a little zvine for them — 
These infirmities however are the common concomitants of old age, and from which 
the common lot of humanity will soon relieve us — I enjoy pretty good health, altho' 
I have had my share of the calamities and sufferings, and hardships of life 

Wishing you all comfort and happiness 
I remain 

Your friend 

Gam^ Bradford 
Captain Rufus Lincoln 

Wareham 

\Letter Number Three'\ 

Boston July 7. 1821 
Dear Sir : 

At the meeting of the Cincinnati on the /f^ I made application to the society in 
your behalf, and obtained a Vote granting you 40 dollars which amount will be paid 
to your order on the Treasurer Captain Robert Williams in Boston. 

I am Sir 

Your old friend 

Gam^ Bradford 
The underwritten order or a 

copy of it will be proper 

To Captain Robert Williams 
Treasurer of the Society of the Cincinnati of Massachusetts 

Sir Please to pay to forty dollars, amount voted me by the 

society on the ^"^ July 
Wareham 

Rufus Lincoln Esq'' 
Wareham 



234 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

\Letter Number Four] 

Boston Feby. i8. 1824 
Dear Sir 

I laid your letter before the committee of the Cincinnati, & I suppose there was 
money voted you which you may recieve by sending to the Treasurer Capt Robert 
Williams — I am very sick & can write no more 



Capt R. Lincoln 

[^Letter Number One] 



Your friend 

Gam^ Bradford 



LUBECK 22th November 1S23 



Capt Rufus Lincoln 
Dear Sir 

Your very friendly letter of the 21^* march last by m"" Gibbs, I have 
receiv<^ & am glad to hear you are in the land of the Leving 

In the year 1784 I came to this Country with the late Col° Crune & C°'° Allan 
& went into trade, but I Soon found I did not understand this dollar & Cent buisnefs 
my employment Since has been various, I have been Collector of the Destrict of 
Machias & the Destrict of Pafsamaquody & at the winding up have acquired a suf- 
ficiency to cary me to my Journys end which cannt be long as I am now yz years 
of age — I lament to hear of your deafnefs & other Infirmaties. I have been Blefsed 
with a Strong healthy Constatution untill lately, I now find myself rapidly declineing 
— that you may live to recover your hearing & get read of your infirmaties is the 
wish of your old friend & Brother officer 

L. Trescott 

\^Letter Number Two] 

LuBECK Feby 15th 1826 
Capt Rufus Lincoln 
Dear Sir 

I recev'^ your kind letter of by M"^ Gibbs some time since, which 

would have been answered had I not been so much out of health as prevented. 
I have been confined to my house for four month past, my health is very poor, I think 
it is rather on the mending hand, we cannot expect to remain long our Cotemporus 
are allmost gone & we must soon follow 

I should be glad to hear from you I am with much 
esteem your friend 

L. Trefcott 
Captain Rufus Lincoln 
Hond by 
M-- Gibbs Wareham 



SECTION ELEVEN 



CIRCULAR LETTER FROM "THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI" 

Boston April a. d. 1825 

Sir : — The surviving officers of the Revolutionary Army, of the Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts, on the 9^^ day of April instant, held a meeting in Boston and ap- 
pointed the subscribers a Committee, with authority and instructions in their behalf, 
to prepare a respectful petition to Congrefs to be presented at the commencement 
of the next session ; and they likewise instructed us in their behalf, to communicate 
to the surviving officers of that army, belonging to your State, the measures they 
had adopted, and intended to pursue on the subject, and most earnestly request your 
co-operation. In conformity with these instructions, we have prepared a petition to 
Congress, a sketch of which, we do ourselves the honour to transcribe for your con- 
sideration. It is as follows : — 

" To the honourable Senate and House of Representatives of the Congress of the 

United States 

"The petition of the Subscribers, in behalf of themselves, and the surviving 
officers of the Revolutionary Army of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, hum- 
bly and respectfully sheweth. 

" That the grave has closed on the principal part of the officers who served in 
the war of American Independence, and the few who survive are far advanced in 
age, and are now incapable of any employment to obtain the necessary comforts 
of life. That they feel a delicacy in presenting their claims to the justice of the 
present Representatives of the nation ; and it would be their strong wish, only to 
rejoice with their fellow citizens, in contemplating the prosperity and happiness which 
were acquired by the sacrifices, toils, and dangers which were encountered at that 
eventful epoch. That they deem it unnecessary to enter into a particular detail of the 
justice of the claims of those, who served in the revolutionary army : that it is only 
necessary to be acquainted with the public engagements to them, and the manner 
in which they were fulfilled, to render it apparent that a debt of justice is still due 
to them. 

" That the history of that period will prove, beyond the shadow of a doubt, that 
the public engagements stipulated a certain sum for their services, in gold and 
silver, or what was equal in value : that during the principal part of the war, pay- 
ment was made in continental paper bills, which were greatly depreciated when they 
were received, and those same bills which were received at par, for these services, 
were redeemed, and one dollar was paid for one hundred. 

" The history of that period will likewise prove, that in the settlement of the 
army accounts at the close of the war, the balances were ascertained by commis- 
sioners, and naked certificates only, without any funds being provided to establish 



238 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

their credit, were given in payment. That these certificates were made payable to 
the bearer, and passed in the market in the same manner as the depreciated paper 
money, and had no other value than what was stamped on them by public opinion. 

"That the officers, at the close of the war, were strongly advised to hold their 
arms until they were paid according to the spirit of the public engagements. That 
relying on the justice of their country, they refused to listen to this advice, and 
their military services being no longer necessary, as was their duty, they retired 
to their homes, and mixed with their fellow citizens. 

" That having been absent eight years from their usual employments, and having 
received their monthly compensation, during the course of the war, in depreciated 
paper money, and on the final settlement of their accounts, having received un- 
funded certificates for the balances due to them, they were compelled by necessity, 
to dispose of these certificates for what they would bring in the market, which was 
not more than one eighth part of their nominal value. 

" That it will be found on the records of their country, that on the part of the 
army, the engagements were faithfully fulfilled ; and on the same records, will be 
found the manner in which it was fulfilled on the part of the government. That we 
are sensible, a large sum has been appropriated, within a few years, for the relief 
of the revolutionary army : that the law, however, making this provision, only ex- 
tends to a part of the army, while others equally entitled are excluded from its 
benefits. 

"That we have reason to believe, that our fellow citizens would rejoice, to see 
compensation made to all who now survive, an indeed would feel an happiness in hav- 
ing an opportunity of smoothing the declining years of a class of men, whose lives 
were devoted to the best interests of their country. 

" We, therefore, humbly and respectfully pray that our case may be taken into 
your wise consideration, and that during the remainder of the lives of those officers 
who served three years, or during the war, and who have not been provided for by 
the pension law, they may be allowed half pay the remainder of their lives, and such 
other compensation as equity, justice, and, indeed, good policy may require. And 
your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray." 

> Committee 






We have thus given you a general sketch of our petition. It is our intention to 
deliver it to Mr Webster, before the next session of Congress, and request him to 
present it. Our claim is founded in justice, we have ev'ery reason to believe it will 
be listened to with a strong desire to afford us relief. 

We should be happy to know your views on the subject, and there will be suf- 
ficient time to unite in such measures, as will be most likely to effect the desired 
object. Not knowing to a certainty, who is the senior surviving officer of your line 
of the revolutionary army, we may have made a mistake in addrefsing this commu- 
nication to you. If so, we would thank you to inclose and addrefs it to such senior 
officer and afford him the assistance of your advice in making the arrangement. 



CIRCULAR LETTER FROM "THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI" 239 

We shall furnish Mr. Webster, and other members of Congrefs, with documents 
to prove the manner in which the army was paid, the losses which were sustained 
by the depreciation of the paper money, and the unfunded certificates for the bal- 
ances due to them at the end of the war, and, indeed all the evidence which can be 
obtained, to show that a debt of justice is now due to us. 

When we consider the liberal manner in which our beloved and highly meritorious 
associate in that war (Gen Lafayette has been rewarded, and the universal joy with 
which that measure has been received by our fellow citizens, we are encouraged to 
expect, that our claims will be received with a spirit of candour and liberality. Any 
communications which you may think proper to make on the subject we will thank 
you to address Capt. Robert Williams, the Secretary of the meeting of officers, at 
Boston 

Should the few surviving ofificers of your line agree with us in our opinion, that 
it is expedient to make application to Congress, at the next session, we think it would 
have a happy effect, for you to communicate your views and intentions to the ofificers 
of the other States as well as to ours. 

Having ourselves the fullest confidence in the justice and equity of our claim, 
and believing it will give great satisfaction to our fellow citizens of the United 
States, to see those characters rewarded, who aided and assisted in procuring the 
blessings which are now enjoyed, we think we should be wanting in duty to our- 
selves, to omit presenting them ; and we cannot entertain a doubt, but our expecta- 
tions of justice will be realized. 

It is, in our opinion, impossible to imagine a stronger claim, than we have on 
the justice of our country. It is well known, that we were paid for our revolutionary 
services in paper money, after it had greatly depreciated, and in unfunded certifi- 
cates, which were not worth more than one eighth part of what was due to us, when 
they were issued. If it be asked why we received them, our answer is, that we must 
either have adopted the advice of "the anonymous writer," and held our arms, until 
we were paid, or returned to our homes without the means of paying the expenses of 
our journey 

If it be asked, why we did not retain the paper money, and the certificates we 
had received, our first answer is, that our situation, dire necessity, compelled us to 
dispose of them : we have however another answer. If we had retained the paper 
money, which we received for our wages, untill the funding system took place, we 
should then have received only one dollar for an hundred : for it is well known that 
the very paper money, which we received for our wages, was funded at that rate — 
one dollar only was given for an hundred : It is true, if it had been possible for us 
to have retained the certificates, which we received at the close of the war, for the 
balances which were then due to us, our losses would not have been so great : but 
in that case, as those certificates were funded, the contract with us would not have 
been fulfilled, as to that part. 

It is well known, those certificates carried on the face of them an interest of six 
per cent : not a cent of interest was paid on them for a number of years and not until 
the funding system was adopted : all the interest which had accrued, was funded at 
three per cent only : and on one third of the whole sum, the interest was deferred for 



240 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

ten years. Therefore had we retained the certificates, we should not have been paid 
according to the contract and promise of the government. 

If, therefore, the sum which was saved to the public, by the deviation from the 
contract, should now be appropriated to make up the losses we sustained, by the 
manner in which we were paid, no new debt would be created, and the government 
would only pay the sum which was stipulated by the original contract. 

We have not made these statements with an expectation that Congress will go 
into a critical examination of the losses we have sustained in consequence of the 
manner in which we have been paid, and now entirely make up to us the difference 
on an accurate re-settlement of the account, with the interest which has accrued : 
but we have done it for the purpose of showing, that we never have received the 
compensation which we were promised, and that we now come forward with fair and 
equitable claims on the government. The principal part of our associates are sleep- 
ing in the tomb, and have no occasion for any assistance from their country. The 
few who remain are tottering over the grave, and will soon, very soon, follow their 
companions, and be at rest. 

We feel a confident expectation, that the present generation will feel a pride and 
happiness that it is reserved for them, to console and cheer the last days of even the 
last surviving individual, who acted a part in the struggle for independence 

On the 4*h of July, when the surviving officers meet to celebrate the auspicious 
event of our independence, it is hoped that measures will be taken, by those of your 
line of the army, to co-operate with us in the application. During the continuance 
of the war, and at the close of it, the resources of the country were so exhausted, 
that although a strong disposition was manifested to do us justice, yet it was not 
probably in the power of Congress to do it. That difficulty is now removed : the 
resources of the country are abundant, and an honest debt never ought to be con- 
sidered as cancelled, until it is paid. 

It is our intention to ascertain and furnish Congress, with evidence of the num- 
ber of surviving officers in Massachusetts, who have not been provided for by the 
pension law. They are very few, not more than eighteen or twenty. If the sur- 
viving officers of your line should think proper to petition Congress, would it not be 
expedient to ascertain the number in your State as nearly as possible 

We are, in behalf of the surviving officers of the Massachusetts line of the revo- 
lutionary army, 

Your friends and old Companions in arms, 

DANIEL JACKSON 1 Committee of 
FRANCIS GREEN I the Survivmg 
ROBERT WILLIAMS J ^^^^l^tionary 



SECTION TWELVE 



Orders to Captain of Fatigue Party, at Verplanck's Point, New York. 

Sundry loose sheets, evidently from missing books. 

Pension Papers of Rufus Lincoln, and letters relating thereto. 

Under Act of Congress of March iS, 1818, Rufus Lincoln's name was, on April 14, 1S19, placed 
upon the Pension Roll, at twenty dollars per month. 

May I, 1821, his name was "removed" from the Roll, upon the ground that he did not come 
under the Act, as "Needy," the schedule of his property showing him to be worth $1599. 

After some years, and much correspondence, a reexamination of his claim was made, and it was 
shown that an error of one thoiisatid dollars had been made in the footing of the schedule. Proof 
also was given that at the time when his Claim was filed, his property was not worth one third of 
the $1599. 

The Clerk of the Court, before whom the original affidavit was made, stated that in writing the 
dollar sign ($), one of the perpendicular lines was made so as to appear to be the figure " i," which 
made the footing read $1599, whereas the correct footing was only $599. 

Rufus Lincoln's name was restored to the Roll on February 21, 1826. In 1829 his pension 
was increased to forty dollars per month, which amount was paid to him until his death, February, 
1838, and to his widow until her death, October, 1839. 

Claim Papers, against the United States. It is interesting to note the depreciated value of the 
currency. The two accounts differ considerably, but they are given as made out. 
Commission of Captain Rufus Lincoln as Constable or Collector of Taunton. 
Will and Probate Papers of Nathaniel Linkon. 
Quit-Claim Deed of Thomas Linkon. 

Receipt of the daughters of Nathaniel Lincoln, for the estate of their aunt. Experience Lincoln, 
under his will. 

Letter from George Gilbert Lincoln. 



MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 

FATIGUE PARTY ORDER 

Sir 

The Fatigue Party of 50 Men is to repair the Caufe-Way on to Verplankes 
Point & the Road beyond the Caufevvay on the Point.. It will be necesfsary the 
Party is furnished with Axes, Spades, & fome Pickes, and two Teams or fome Wheel 
Barrows which must be applied for tat the Store at the Village & to Col'^ Hughes 
or Major Campbell for the Teams & Wheelbarrows if Wheelbarrows are furnished 
it will be best to carry them down by Water procuring an Order for a Boat of Ens" 
Bradley from the General — to receive them at Kating Landing it is expected the 
Work may be completed in three Days at farthest 

your Humy^ Servt 
Camp Octor 13th 1781 Tho^ Grofvenor Lieu^ Co^ &c 

To the Cap* of the Fatigue Party De A. Genl 

[Loose Sheet] 
will return them selves as directed on or before the i^* day of January next. 

Racky^ Hill near Prinstown Nov>". 2tii 1783 

The United States in Congrefs afsembled after giving the most honourable tefli- 
mony to the merits of the feederal armies and presenting them with the thanks of 
their country, for their long eminent and faithful Services — having thought proper 
by their proclamation, beiring date the 18*^ of October last to discharge Such part 
of the troops as were engaged for the war : and to permit the officers on furlough 
to retire from Service from an after to-morrow, which proclamation having been 
commucated in the public papers for the information and goverment of all but 
any Senior officers intitled to remain in Service Shall have the liberty of retiring 
with the emoulament of officers retiring under the acts last resited, for reasons Sat- 
isfactorary to the Commander in Chief as Commanding officer of the Southarn 
army on Such retiring officers relinquisushing his Command and futer right of pro- 
motion in the army, and Signifing the Same on or before the i*^ day of January next 
to the Commander in Chief or the Comd. of the Southarn army, who shall duly 
transmit lists of Such retiring officers to the Secetery at war, any act on resulition 
of Congrefs to the contrary hereof notwithstanding 

Seinor officers who are intitled to remain in Service but who may choose to 
retire with the emoluments allowed by the before recited refolve 

1 Rockv Hill. 



244 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

[Loose Sheet] 

Head Quarters Newberg June 2^11 1783 

The honorable the Congrefs have ben pleased to pafs the foloing Refolves, By 
the United States in Congrefs afsembled on motion Resolved 

That the Commander in Cheif be instructed to grant furloos to noncommifsond 
officers and Solders in the Service of the United States enlisted to Serve during the 
war, who Shall be discharged as Soon as the difinitive treaty of Peace is concluded 
to geather with a propotinable number of Commifsioned officers of diffirants grades 
— and that the Secerity at war and the Commander in Cheif take proper measures 
for Conduction those troops to their respitive homes in Such a maner as may be 
most conveante to themselves and the States through which they pafs, and that the 
men thus furlowed be alloued to take their arms with them 



FROM AN OLD POCKET DIARY 



The United States to Cap* Rufus Lincoln D*" To Expence while on Command 
in Springfield and marchaing on 86 Recruites to Weft point Twenty five New com- 
mifsion Dollars 
May 28th 1 78 1 

Coppyed from an old Book 

R. Lincoln 



Rit & Serving 


10/ 


Travel p'' mild 


/2 


to one hundred 


16/8 


Service 


1/4 




£ 




Total — I — 8 



Efq Strong 
August 2ith 1784 

Rec for Ichabod Lincoln Seventy four Dollars 

Nobr 8th 1784 

then payed John Porter five pounds two Shillins^ on accompt of an Excution 
which the S^ porter had against my brother Ichabod Lincoln the above Exicution 
came by Simeon Baker 

M'' Dier Pratt payed five pounds Eight Shillings on the Same account at the 

Same time. 

R. Lincoln 



MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 245 



CERTIFICATE OF ARMY VOUCHERS 

Thefe certify that Cap^ Rufus Lincoln of Taunton in the Commonwealth of 
Mafsachufetts perfonally appeared this twinty Ninth day of July 1786 & made 
folemn Oath that Two Certificates by him now exhibited & to be exhibited to the 
Commifsioner of the Continental Loan Office viz N° 10157 Dated January first 
1782 for the fum of four hundred & forty four ^4. Dollars & N° 11 342. Dated 
November 4**^ 1783 for the fum of Eight, hundred Dollars were given to him & now 
are his Property 

S Before me 

Sam' Fales Jus Pas.^ 

1 Rufus Lincoln presented to the " First Congress," 1789-91, a petition for money he had advanced 
from his private account, " for food and clothing supplied to his men when on service ; " also " for recruiting," 
and "for personal property and money lost when taken prisoner .of war." 

This Bill of Claims, with several others, was read and ordered to be "laid on the table," and evidently 
left there, as frequent applications for relief were made without result. 

When Washington was burned by the British in the War of 1812, large numbers of Revolutionary War 
claims and the papers relating to them were destroyed. 

April 13, 1818, the petition was again presented, " Read and ordered to lie on the table." " Dec. 7, 
181S, Referred to the Committee on Revolutionary War Claims." "Dec. 11, 1S18, Report made and 
petition rejected." The total amount of these claims is not known, but from all that I can gather, 
amounted to but a few hundred dollars. 

The matter of his commutation pay is a much more interesting subject. 

Captain Lincoln always claimed that he never received one cent of his " Commutation Pay," and his 
son, Minor Sprague Lincoln, has often told of the money advanced by his father for the good of the cause, 
which the. Government would not repay, and furthermore, that his father was never able to obtain even the 
pay due to him, as promised. 

In 1851 Minor S. Lincoln, upon the advice of his old friend Hon. Daniel Webster, placed these claims 
in the hands of an attorney, John P. Duval, who was then endeavoring to collect a number of similar 
claims from the Government. How far the matter was carried, no one now living knows, but after the 
expenditure of considerable money, the matter seems to have been dropped. 

The Treasury Department shows that " Pay Warrants " were issued to Rufus Lincoln for twenty-four 
hundred dollars, and evidently cashed, but as Rufus Lincoln always maintained that he never had one cent 
of this money, the question naturally arises, who did get it .'' 

Mr. Duval presented a petition to Congress from Captain Lincoln's heirs reciting the services Captain 
Rufus Lincoln rendered to his country, his rank on the Massachusetts Captains List, and the evidence 
that he served to the close of the war. It also states that he was admitted to the benefits under Act of 
Congress, March 18, 1818, and May 15, 1828 (Pension Acts), and "that the same evidence is required to 
entitle him to commutation pay, and that Congress itself decided that the name of an officer on the Pension 
Roll was self-sufficient evidence to entitle him to commutation pay," and cites several cases. 

Further, it speaks of " the considerable sums expended in purchasing provisions for his company and 
for other public service during the War of the Revolution, which amounts were never refunded to him or 
his heirs." 

In searching for these papers, it was found that two original commissions from the United States to 
Rufus Lincoln were filed with his pension papers in 18 18, as follows : — 

Captain in the Seventh Mass. Regiment from April 13, 1780, and dated Philadelphia, i6th September, 
1782. Signed John Hanson, President of Congress. 

i^t Lieutenant in Fourteenth Mass. Regiment from i^f January, 1777, dated Philadelphia, 29th Septem- 
ber, 1779. Signed Sami Huntington, President of Congress. 

For a complete record of Rufus Lincoln's service in the War of the Revolution, see " Massachusetts 
Soldiers and Sailors in the Revolutionary War," vol. ix. pp. 799 and 818. 



246 



m ^i^pfxtimmu 



REVOLUTIONARY CLAIM. 



1 C^UTITX that, in confoYmit^ ^itAi tlifc l^a^ ol the UniteiV 
states, of tlie iSth o£ JSlaxcla, 1818, 

in the ^m^ of the devolution, is inscribed 
on tl\e "Pension liist, ^oll of tlie ,^/^ /z^diA<^<^^ ^^^ 
Agency, at the icate of t^^^^ ea^^^^^^y^ dollars ]jeY month, to com- 
the ,>/^ day of /^!y/Ct.^^ one thousand 




mence on 



eight hundred and 



-^ 



^y ^ v^'J^^:^ 






# 






VM^ 



'? 



aiYiaX at the Wa\- Ofdce of tlie \Inited 
States, this -is^^ day of 

/:^^^*^*t'<2> one tliousand eight 

Ivundied and nineteen. 







Secretanj of War. 



247 



PENSION OFFICE, A A 27^ 182 C 

SIR: 

In conformity with the law of the United States, of 
the 1st March, 1823, authorizing the Secretary of War to restore 
the names of certain persons to the List of Pensioners, you are here- 
by notified, that your name has been this day restored to the Pension 
Roll of the // ^ o^h'Ct. c. Ar^/^^^ Agency, and that, agreeably to the 
provisions of said act, your allowance, as a Pensioner, will commence 
from the ^Y^^ of V^ c-^-t. "j 182 ^, the day on which the 
evidence was closed upon which ;pu obtained a restoration to the 
List. Jhe seoru^ a/n/TvcLcuL uJIovns hr*yLCa/re4^ /S^6, A-OLtrt^ 6ee/rv cu/>^/x^a(^ 
^^ a^cUfeft^^eVt. ^ ^^^' lespecttail^, 

Your obedient servant. 



To Mr. 




nited States' Pensioner. 



o c^ ec /-^ 






248 



Under the act, entidcd "An act for the relief of certain surviving OlKcers and 
Soldiers of tlie Army of the Revolution," approved 15th May, 182S. 



TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 

Sir: 

The claim of ,^*,^L^ ^^^^^^^-^^-^ ^^^ under the 

aboveraentioned act, having been examined, he is found to be entitled to the pay of 
^/^L^^/^'aSi^ ^^^■•^*y<S«<c>t.3W^ j,^ tijg Continental Line. The amount which may 
be due, accordingly, will be remitted to you as his attorney, by the Treasurer of the 
United States. 



I am, sir, very respectfully. 

Your obedient servant, 




oi^Cwct /^.^ 



/^^M-U^ S tC^-^tf-^**, ^*^^' 




249 






'& e^t^ 



^^^li^-^&^cx-ii^^^ (^/yydc^ 



-'•^^^^ 




^c.^- 




^ 



i^^^^^^^'Z^^^^^ /fzr -x^^ ^ <L.a-^e--^ 







.e^^e^ 



A'/ 



^j?^ ^i:^^ 



'c^<-^ 














250 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS 

Under the Act entitled — " An Act for the relief of certain Surviving Officers and Soldiers of the 
Army of the Revolution," — approved 15 May 1828 " 

Tkeasury Department 

3d August 1829 

Sir: 

I enclose to you a Pay- Certificate, issued under the seal of this Department, showing the pay 
that you are entitled to receive during life, under the above-mentioned Act. You will write your 
name on the margin of the Certificate at the places indicated. As this Certificate is to be ex- 
hibited every half year, in establishing your identity, you will perceive the necessity of preserving 
it with great care. 

It is designed, with the aid of this Certificate, to adopt a more easy mode of proof, than has 
hitherto been required for the half-yearly payments. With that view, the annexed form has been 
transmitted to you, to be used for the payment which will become due on the 3"^ of September next. 
It will be necessary for you, on or after that day, to exhibit to some Justice of the Peace, in the 
county in which you reside, your Pay-Certificate, and to make oath that you are the person therein 
described and to whom the same is granted. 

That affidavit you will sign. The Justice of the Peace will certify that the same was sworn to 
and signed in his presence. 

And the Clerk of the County Court will authenticate, under seal of the Court, the act of the 
Justice of the Peace. 

Where the Justice of the Peace is the one before whom your former declaration was sworn, 
the Certificate of the Clerk of the Court may be dispensed with. 

After being duly executed, the form should be returned to this Department. 

If the printed form now sent to be filled up, should by accident be spoiled, an exact copy 
should be made and used. It is particularly requested that this may be strictly observed. 

A draft on such Branch Bank of the United States as you may request, will be transmitted to 
you, by letter, addressed to such Post Office as you may indicate. With this view, a note is made 
on the margin of the Annexed form which you will fill up accordingly. 

It is requested that all Letters on this subject may be endorsed " Revolutionary Claims." 

I am, sir, very respectfully 

Your obedient servant 

S. D. INGHAM 

Secretary of the Treasury 



25> 



^^^^_^_^;^ ,^^.:^__^^^.v^. _ ..^r: ^^^r:-t<^ ^f-Mz:^ ?d^— ^ 



a^cu 








252 













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vv^ ^ivwv^^^ c. C"-^^ ^•^^ ^ ^, ^; ^^ ^':^^^1^ 






5^§ 







254 




MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 255 



COMMISSION OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN AS CONSTABLE 

Beiftol Ss To Cap* Rufus Lincoln one of the Conftables or Collectors of the Town 
of Taunton with in the County of Briftol afore faid Greeting 

In the Name of the Common Wealth of Mafsachufetts you are required to Levy 
& Collect of the Several Perfons Named in the Lift herewith Committed unto you 
Each one his refpective Proportion there in Set down of the Sum Total of Such Lift 
it being This Towns Proportion of the Tax or Afefsment of three hundred thousand 
four hundred and thirty Nine Pounds one Shilling and three Pence Granted and 
agreed upon by the General Court of said Common Wealth at their Sefsions be Gun 
and held at Bofton the 25*^^ day of May a d 1785 and Continued by adjoument 
untill March a d 1786 for Defraying the Necefsary Charges of Secureng Praticting 
and Defending the Same and you are to Tranfmitt and Pay in the Same unto 
Thomas I vers Treafurer and receiver General of this Common wealth or to his 
Succefor in that office and to Compleat and Make up an accompts of your Collecction 
of one half Part of the whole Tax or afsefsment Committed unto you to Collect 
on or before the first day of January a d 1787 Two third Parts of said half you 
are to receive in Certificates Issued from the Loan office for the Intereft of Liqui- 
dated debt and the other third Part of Said half in Specie : and Like wife you are 
to Com Pleat and Make up an accompts of your Collection of the other half part of 
said Tax or afsefsment Committed unto you as aforesaid on or before the firf* day 
of April A D 1787 Two third Parts of the Laft Mentioned half you are to receive in 
Such of the army notes So Called as are Payable in the years a d 1784 and 1785 
and 1786 or Certificates Ifsued there for and the remainding third Part in Specie and 
If any Perfon Shall refufe or Neglect to pay the Sum he if afsefsed in said Lift you 
are to Diftrain the Good or Chattels of Such Perfon to the Value there of and the 
Diftrefs so taken to keep for the space of four days at the Coft and Charge of the 
owner & If the owner shall not Pay the Sum So Afsefsed on him with in the Said 
four days then you are to Sell at Publick Vandue the Diftrefs So Taken for the Pay- 
ment there of with Charges first giving forty Eight hours notis of Such Sale by 
Pofting up advertisements there of in Som Publick Place in the Town Diftrict or 
Plantation as the cafe may be and the over Plufs arifing by Such Sale iff any there 
be : befides the Sum of Afsefsment and the Necefsary Charges of Taking and 
Keeping the said Diftrefs you are Immediately to restore to the owner and for want 
of good or Chatties whereon to Make Diftrefs besides Toal or Implements Necef- 
sary for his Trade or ocupation beafts of the Plough Necefsary for the Cultivation of 
his Improved Land arms Utenfils for Houfe keeping Necefsary for upholding Life 
beding and apprel Necefsary for him Self and family for the Space of Twelve days 
You are to Take the body of Such Perfons So refusing or Neglecting and him Com- 
nitt unto the Common Goal of the County there to remain untill he Pay the Same 
or Such part there of as Shall not be abated by the afsefsors for the Time being or 



256 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

the Court of General Sefsions of the Peace for Said County Given under our hands 
and Seals by Virtue of a Warrant from the Treafurer Afore Said 



Dated at Taunton afore faid this 
Nineth Day of Augufl a u 1786 



The Common Wealth Warrant 
for Cap* Rufus Lincoln one 
of the Conftables or Collectors 
of the Town of Taunton 1786 



Ichabod Leonard \ Afsefsors of 
Abiel Macomber > Taunton 
Rufus Dean ) 1786 



WILL OF NATHANIEL LINCOLN 

In the Name of God amen I Nathaniel Linkon of Taunton in the County of 
Bristol in New England yeoman being of Sound memory and Disposeing mind 
Blessed be god therefore this Sevententh day of October in y^ thirty first year of 
the Reign of our Soverign Lord George the Second and in the year of our Lord 
Christ 1757 : Calling to mind y^ mortality of my body as Knowing it is appointed to 
man once to die thinking it is my Duty to Set my house in order before I die and 
therefore first and above all I Commit my Soul to God in Christ Trusting through 
him and him only to obtain Salvation : and my body to the Earth for a Decent 
Burial at the Discresion of my Loving wife Alice & my Son Samuel Torey Exr^ 
hereafter named Knowing I Shall Recive the Same at the General Reserection and 
the worldly Estate god has given me after Just Debts and funerall Charges : I Des- 
pose of the Same in manner and form following Viz 

first I Give to Said beloved Wife the whole Income and Improvement of my Estate 
Rael and personable within dore and without nothing Excepted She to have and 
Improve the Same During the Time She Contains my widdow and She to Im- 
prove the Same During sd widowhod without Strip or waste Provided s'^ wife 
give to my aunt Experience Linkon a Sutable Suport During her Life and at 
her Death a Christian burial. 
Secondly I Give to my Son Nathaniel Linkon of Rehoboth over and above what I 
have hereto given him and paid to one Elisha Bozwoth to wards his Settlement 
and Lands I Convayed him at a place Called three mile River I give him now 
fiften Pounds Lawfull money to be paid to the s^ Nathaniel within three years 
after my Deceasse by my Son Ichabod Linkon or his heirs — and further 
I give S^ Son Nathaniel Linkon his heirs and afsigns for Ever all my Ceder 
Swamp in Taunton great Ceder Swamp and in a Ceder Swamp Called Crooked 
medow Ceder Swamp within the Township of f^ Taunton and Raynham that 
Called the hurt ground only Excepted I also give S'^ Nathaniel his heirs and 
afsigns for Ever one half of my Intrestin a grestmill Known by the name of 



MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 257 

Cap* Andrewses mills I allso give Said Son Nathaniel Linkon his heirs and 
af signs for Ev^er all my whole Intrest in Taunton old Town Ship within s^ 
County with Lands due thereon and Right to all Comonage in s^ Proprety 
and after my wifes widowhood I give him one half of all my husbondry Tools 
af Shall be Left at her Decease and all my wareing apparral and all I have here 
to given S^ Son he to have and hold the Same after my wives Decease or at 
Time of her Litermarriage if She Should So do 

Thirdly I Give and Bequeath to my Son Ichabod Linkon of s^ Taunton all and Sin- 
gualer my mantion house Lands and buildings and Eddifices, where s^ house and 
barn now Stand on both Sides the highway Leadmg- by my Dwelling house in 
s^ Taunton with all my other Lands I Shall Die Seized of Including the whole 
of my Rael Estate half my Intrest in the grist mill and all other Real Estate I 
Shall die Seized of in the County 

In the County of Bristol or Els where not befor Disposed of in this Will to him 
Said Son Ichabod his heirs and afsigns for Ever as an Absoloute Estate in fee 
simple he to Enter and hold the Same at the Time of his mothers Death or upon 
her Intermarriage if She Should So do Provided he Said Ichabod pay his Brother 
Nathaniel the above Said Sum of fifteen Pound as above, said and allso Provided 
he pay all my Just Debts and funeral Charge but in case he Should Refuse 
paying s*^ Sum to S^ Nathaniel at the Time above Said or do not pay all my Just 
Debts and funeral! Charges then my Exe'^^ as above named is here by fully 
impowerd to make Sale and P2xecute a good Deed or Deeds of So much of the 
Rael Estate given to Said Ichabod as to pay the Same and to Sell the Same 
where it Shall be Least Prediceal to s*^ Ichabod Intrest.which s^ Deed or Deeds 
So Executed by Either of my Said Executor or Executors Shall be good and 
Valued in the Law for the Convaying So much of s*^ Rael Estate as to pay 
s*^ fifteen Pounds and by Debts as above Said I also give Said Son one gun or 
one Sword Caled the White head Sword and a book Called y^ Westminstere Con- 
fefion of faith all which Lands Premises and other things in this Will mentioned 
or given Said Ichabod he his heirs and afsigns to have and hold after his' 
mothers Decase Provided he pay as above Said 

1^'ourthly I Give to my five Daughters viz : To alice wife of Benjamin Briggs of 
Rehoboth mary Prat wife of Peter Prat of Taunton Constant wife of Samuel 
Torey of s^ Taunton Matha widow of Richard Liscombe and Sufannah wife of 
George Burt of s^ Taunton over and above what I have here to for given to 
Each of them at time of marriage I now give Each of Said Daughters Six Shil- 
lings Each to be paid by my wife Exec''^ as above Said and In one year after 
my Decease and all the goods and Chattels I have given Said wife that She 
Shall Die Seized of or at Time of her marriage if it Should So happen I give 
to said five Daughters Each of them to have and hold one fifth Part thereof 
for Ever. 

And I Constitute and appoint my said wife alice and Said Son Samuel Torey Exe''^ 
to this my Last Will and Testament and I do here by utterly Revoke and make 
void all former Wills and Testaments by me hereto fore made and all Exe^ before 



2S8 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

those in this Will named and I do Ratifie this and no other to be my Last Will 

and Testament holding firm and Valued all donations here in named and made 

In Witnefs Whereof I have here unto Set my hand and Seeal the Day and year 

first above written. Signed Sealed 

Pubilished pronounced and Declared Nathaniel Linkon (S) 

to be the Last Will and Testament of 

Nathaniel Linkon I presence of us 

Job Smith. 

James Macomber 

James Williams 

Know all men that I Nathaniel Linkon above named this 23^^ Day of may 1760 
and In the 33^^ year of his majsties Reign Being of Sound memory and Disposeing 
mind Blessed be god therefore do Ratify and Confirm all and Every Part of the 
foregoin Will Save only as follows the Donation made to my Son Nathaniel was fif- 
teen Pounds now my Will is that Said Son Ichabod pay S*^ Nathaniel the Sum of but 
Ten Pound and So Said Will Shall be under Stood and further my Will is that my Said 
Son Ichabod Shall be an Exe"" with my other Exe"""" in the Room of Samuel Torey 
before named Provided he pay what I have ordered him in this will and Just Debts as 
above Said and this is part and Parcel of my before Will and Shall be So accounted 
and understood Witnefs my hand and Seal the day Last above mentioned Signed 
Sealed Pubilished Pronounced and Declared as part of Last Will and Testement in 
Presents of us Wittnefses 
Job Smith 

Ebenezer Pitts Ju"" Nathaniel Linkon (S) 

James Williams 

Know all men by thefe Presents that I Nathaniel Linkon of Taunton Within 
named this Sixth day of march 1761 Continuing of Sound memory and Disposing 
mind Blessed be god therefore tho Labouring under Weeknefs and Indispotition of 
Body do Ratfy all and Singualer my forgoing Will and Testament Save only as 
follows (viz) the Ten Pounds I have given said Son Nathaniel to be paid by my Son 
Ichabod. my Will is S*^ Son Ichabod Shall not pay the Same but Shall hold the 
Lands and Premises to him given in this Will as tho he had paid Said Sum and 
further my Will is that all the Lands and Ceder Swamp given Said nathaniel my 
Son Ichabod to have and hold the Same for Ever his heirs and afsigns to enable 
him to pay my Just Debts &c and my Will is that Said fon Ichabod Shall hold and 
to his heirs and afsigns all my Quarter Part of my gristmill after the Decease of 
my Wife She to Improve the Sam her Lifetime. Furthermore my W^ill is that my 
Grandfon Son of my Son Nathaniel Linkon he Shall have and hold my gun Powder 
horns Buletts Shot and all appurtanances belonging to mellitary accutrcments he to 
have and hold the Same for Ever and this foregoing Codical Shall be hence fourth 
accounted known and understood to be as part and Percal of my Last Will and 
Testament any thing to the Conterary not Withstanding In Witness and Conforma- 



MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 259 

tion Whereof I have Pubilished Pronounced and Delared the Same in the Presence 

of the following Witnefses 

Benjamin Linkon Nathaniel Linkon (S) 

John Linkon 

James Williams. 

ENDORSEMENT ON BACK OF WILL. 

= G 12)94(7 78(6 

84 12 72 



10 



II: I : 2 N. Lincoln Gartes 
4 : 14 ID 



15: 17: o 



Copy of m*" Nathaniel 

Linkons Will = 
3s . 





19: 


: 6: 


4 




10 : 


: 18 : 


I 




7: 


10 : 







10 : 


: 10 : 


8 




21 - 


-14: 





G — 


69: 


19: 


1 


i 1 — 


15 


17 







85: 


16: 


I 



2 6o 





JUDGE of the Probate of Wills, and for granting Letters 
of Adminiftration on the Eftates of Perfons deccafed, 
having Goods, Chattels, Rights or Credits in the County of 
/d/-^^^ within the Province aforefaid, 



To aU unto TH^bom theft Trefents Jhall come. Greeting. 



% 



^€)QH ^t, That upon the Day of the Date hereof, 

before Me, at 'yCu-rt^*^ in the County aforefaid, the WiU of 






late q{ ^^^.i^nJ^^ 




rfeceafed, ^o thefe Prefcnts annexed, was proved, approved and aOowed, 
who having while ^ lived, and at the Time of /^^^ Death, 
Goods, Chattels, Rights or Credits in the County aforefaid j and the 
Probate of the faid WiU, anJ Power of committing Adminiftration of aQ 
and fingular the Goods, Chattels, Rights and Credits of the faid Deceafed, 
by. virtue thereof appertaining unto Me ; the Adminiftration of aR and 
fingular the Goods, Chattel), Rights and Credits of the faid Deceafed, 
and /C^ ^iU i'* ^"7 minner concerning, is hereby committed unto 

Execut (7-2-^ — in the fame WiD named, 
weU and faithfully to execute the faid Will, and to adminifter the 
Eftate of the faid deceafed according thereunto : And to make a true 
and perfect Inventory of al and fingular the Goods, Chattels, Rights and 
Credits of the faid Deceafed ; and to exhibit the lame into the Regiftry 
of the Coutc of Probate lor the County aforefaid, at or before the 

^^z*-*-^^ — Dajr of /^vW ^^^ next enfuing : And alfo 

tfo render a plain and true Accompt of <j^«-m,„ faid Admini- 
ftration upon Oath. 



In Tefllmeny whereof^ I have hereunto fee my Hand, and the Seal of 
the faid Coutt of Probate. Dated ^i/^^4^>n^^ the ^^.t^^^ 
Day of /:^'Z^i^g -7 AKKpque Domini, 17^^ / ^-^ 




fjh^AP^ 







^1 



njLce-r 




MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 261 

DEED OF THOMAS LINKON 

Know all men that I Thomas Linkon of Taunton in the County of Bristel in the 
Province of y® MafTachusets Bay in new England have Reseived of my Brother 
Nathaniel linkon of Taunton in y^ County afoer fead fix fhilins Lawful money 
and in Consideration thare of due for my felve my Hairs Executers & Adm'y 
Remife Relefe and for Ever Clame quitt to him fead Nathaniel Linkon all my 
Right titel Intrust Clame & Demand in and unto all the Lands Left By our Hon'"'^ 
father Thomas Linkon Decst not Convead By will an Deads that is to feay the 
Land on the hie hills & Loccold near Samuel Knaps — and all y® Seder Swomps 
and and Rights in y^ Propority to him Sead Nathaniel Linkon his Hairs & Assine 
forever to him and his only Proper use and Bhoofe. Witnes my hand Hear unto Sot 
the fifth Day of Februay Anno Domini one Thoufsand Seven houndred and fifty 
five and in y^ twenty Eaight year of his Majesties Raign 

Thomas Linkon /^, 
figned fealed and Delivered \^ 

in Prefents of us 
mary linkon 
Ledya drake 



ENDORSEMENT ON BACK OF DEED 

Bristol Ss Taunton february y^ 5th 1761 

Perfonely appeared the With in Named Thomas Lincoln and acknoledged this 
Instrument to be His act & Deed 

Before George Godfrey Justis of Peace 

Bristol Ss Feb^ 16*^ j^g^ Then Received This Instrument 
it is Recorded Libro 44^*^ folio 523 : pd 

James Williams Register 
m*" Linckon to 
Nathei Linkon 
ReC^ Feb. 16^^ 1761 
Booked 



262 PAPERS OF CAPTAIN RUFUS LINCOLN 

Taunton May 4th a d 1763 
We Alice Briggs Mary Pratt. Conftante Torrey Martha Lufcombe and Sufanah 
Burtt Daughters of Nathl Lincoln Late of Taunton Deceft have Reed the full of 
the wairing Clothes of our Aunt Experence Lincoln Late of Taunton Deceafed — 
Reed the above Mentiond by the Executor 

her 

Alice + Briggs 

mark 
her 

May + Pratt 

mark 

her 

Conflant + Torrey 

mark 
her 

Martha X Lufcombe 

mark 
her 

Sufannah X Burtt 

mark 



Teft Elijah Codding 



This letter from George Gilbert Lincoln, the youngest son of Rufus Lincoln, was the last 
word ever heard from him. It is understood that he returned to Savannah, Ga., and died there 
of yellow fever. 

MiLLEDGVILLE Jin 12th 1 824 

Bauldin County 
Dear Farther 

I take this time to inform you that i am wel & hope that you are injoying the 
Same Blising & all the rest of my frinds i left Savannah in march and went in to 
Country abou three hundred miles whare i staid tel July then I went to Bauldin 
County whare iam to work at present and shal Continue tel aprel & then shl Come 
on to the Nort if Buysnefs is no better if ican find Work so that I Can mak it Profet- 
able i shal not Return this year. I supose you think very Strang that i havenot Rote 
befour but i wish you Wodnot think hard of me and rite to me as soon as you git 
this & let me now whot has taken Place Sence i left there 

this is from you Sone 

Gilbert Lincoln 



INDEX 



INDEX 



Abbott, James, 38 ; Stephen, 45. 

Ackland, Major, 20. 

Adams, Capt., 5. 

Agnew, Brig.-Gen., 12. 

Alden, Judah, 45. 

Allen, Abraham, 38; Ezra, 127, 132, 166, 200, 201, 

202, 203, 204, 205 ; Noah, 45. 
Alligood, Col., 69. 

Allison, Wm., 29. 

Anderson, James, 36. 

Andrews, Richard, 37 ; William, 37. 

Annis, John W., 40. 

Antle, Edw., 29. 

Arbuthnot, Gen. Mt, 85. 

Armstrong, Thos., 32, 34. 

Arnold, Gen., 4, 9, 16, 17, 18, 20. 

Arskins, Gen., 3. 

Atwood, Jesse, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140, 
144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 163, 
164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 
191, 192, 194, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Bagley, 128 ; Cutting, 55, 127, 132, 163, 164, 166, 178, 
200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205 ; William, 146. 

Bailey (Bayley), Shubal, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 
130, 140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151. 153. 15s. 157, 158, 
160, 162, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 185, 187, 188, 
190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 

203, 204, 205. 

Baly, Adam, 45 ; Luther, 45. 

Banister, Seth, 45. 

Barber, Major W., 201, 202, 203, 204. 

Barkley, Samuel A., 114. 

Barnes, Andrew, 40. 

Barney, Fredk., 55, 126, 128, 130, 133, 140, 144, 145, 

147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 173, 174, 185, 187, 

188, 190, 191, 192, 195, 196, 198, 199. 
Barney, Capt. Rufus, 56. 
Barnham, Joshua, 31. 
Barnum, Eli, 37. 
Barrington, Lord, 9. 
Barrows, John, 55, 126, 128, 130, 140, 144, 147, 149, 

151. 153. 15s. 157. 158, 173. 174, 177. 1S4, 185, 187, 

188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199. 
Bates, Joseph, 46, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 117, 128, 130, 

140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 



163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 181, 185, 187, 
18S, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 
202, 203, 204, 205. 

Battles of : Bennington, 9 ; Bemis Heights, 18 ; 
Brandy wine, 9 ; Bound Brook, 17; Chestnut Hill, 
23; Fort Moultrie, 3 ; Fort Stanwix, 17 ; German- 
town, II; Lake Champlain, 4, 13; Long Island, 
3 ; Monmouth, 24 ; Mud Island, 23 ; Princeton, 7 ; 
Red Bank, 23 ; Short Hills, 8 ; Trenton, 7 ; York 
Island, 4; White Plains, 5. 

Baum, Lieut.-Col., 16, 17. 

Baylis, Major H., 112; Colonel, surprised, 24; 
George, 29. 

Belcher, Jonathan, 203, 204, 205. 

Bell, Henry, 34. 

Belt, John, 32. 

Bennett, Gideon, 129, 133, 144, 173, 174, 177, 183, 184, 
185, 187, 188, 191 ; Matthew, 36. 

Benson, Joshua, 45. 

Betterly (Bitterly), William, 55, 127, 128, 132, 133, 146, 

164, 166, 1 78, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Beumont, Edw., 39. 

Bezen, , 38. 

Biglow (Bidlow), William, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 
127, 128, 131, 140, 141, 144. 14s. 147, 149. 151. 153. 
15s. 157. 159. 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 178, 179, 
187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 
201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Billington, Francis, 134, 144, 174, 177, 183, 184. 

Bird, Col., 7, 12. 

Bissel, Osias, 32 ; Russil, 39. 

Bitner, Henry, 37. 

Blackledge, John, 33. 

Blagge, Samuel, 250. 

Blake, John, 35 ; Joseph, 35 ; Timothy, 203, 204, 205. 

Blakney, Gilbert, 34. 

Blanchard, John, 45. 

Bliss, , 32. 

Boston, Evacuation of, 3. 

Bourn (Bourne) (Bowin), Nathaniel, 123, 129, 135, 
137, 140, 144, I4S. 147, 155. 157, 158. 165, 169, 173, 
174, 177, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 

195- 
Bowman, Phineas, 46. 
Bracey, William, 55, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 146, 160, 

163, 164, 166, 178, 200, 201, 202, 203. 
Bradford, Gamaliel, 157, 158, 170, 183, 1S4, 185, 187, 



266 



INDEX 



i88, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 

202, 203, 204, 205, 231, 233, 234 ; James, 35 ; Robert, 
38, 46. 

Bradley, 38. 

Branard, Joshua, 36. 

Brant, Col., 24. 

Brewer, Jonathan, 33. 

Breyman, Col., 16, 17, 18, 20. 

Briggs, Elisha, 113. 

Brikel, Thos., 40. 

Briton, Joseph, 37. 

Britton, Nathan, 56. 

Broadhead, Daniel, 33. 

Brooks, Col., 54, 105, 174, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 

192, 194. 
Brown, Col., 19; Robert, 34. 
Bruce, Elijah, 54, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140, 144, 

145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 163, 164, 

166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 

191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 

204, 205. 
Bruison, Jacobus, 29. 
Bryon, James, 40. 
Bryson, 35, 40. 
Buckley, Edw., 31. 
Buford, Col., 26. 
Burgoyne, Gen., 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22; 

Letter to Gen. Gates, 82 ; letter from Gen. Gates, 83. 
Burk, Justus, 129, 134, 144, 173, 174, 177, 183, 184, 

185, 187, 188, 191. 
Burley, William, 35. 
Burnham, John, 45. 
Burt, Capt., in ; Cats, in. 
Bush, Solomon, 39. 
Buxton, James, 46. 

Cadwalader, Lambert, 29. 

Cady, Isaac, 123, 131, 144, 145, 155, 157, 173- ^74, I77. 
185, 187, 188, 190, 191. 

Cammel, Thomas, 30. 

Cammel, William, 135, 144, 174, 177, 183, 184. 

Canady (Kennedy), Thos., 39. 

Captain List, Mass., 45. 

Carlill (Carlisle), John, 31. 

Carlton, Gen., 4, 13. 

Carpender, Nehemiah, 39. 

Carr, Samuel, 45. 

Carsen, Ebenezer, 34. 

Carter, Asher, 35 ; John, 38. 

Casey, Edmund, 54, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 
140, 144, 145, 147, 149. 151. 153. 15s. '57, 158, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 
190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 

203, 204, 205. 
Chadds Ford, 9. 
Chambers, Matthew, 46. 

Charleston, captured, 26; capitulation terms, 84. 
Chew, Aaron, 37. 



Chisley, Robert, 34. 

Cincinnati Society letter, 237. 

Clap, Caleb, 46. 

Clark, Col., 24 ; Charles, 35 ; John, 36. 

Cleaton, Henry, 37. 

Cleveland, William, 33. 

Cleves, Nathaniel, 33. 

Clinton, Gen., 3, 9, 12, 19, 20; Sir Henry, 76, 77, 85. 

Clow, Gibson, 37. 

Cloyes, Peter, 46. 

Coats, William, 29. 

Cobb, Nathan, 114. 

Coburn, Asa, 45. 

Coding, , 43 ; Elisha, 43. 

Codner, Isaac, 37. 

Cogswell, Amos, 45. 

Colins, , 40. 

Colwell, Robert, 33. 

Company Book: court-martials, 133; desertions, 135; 
discharges, 134; furloughs, 133; honorary badge 
list, 144; knapsack list, 126, 128. 

Congress : Act on allowances to wounded soldiers, 
47 ; back rations, 50 ; commutation pay, 99 ; con- 
fidence in army, 50 ; currency depreciation, 93 ; 
discharges from the army, no, 243, 244; land 
grants to soldiers, 48 ; memorial of army to, 59, 
119; mustering out extra officers, 52, 53; pay to 
soldiers, 49, 51 ; pay to widows and orphans, 49 ; 
raising of troops, 49 ; regimental officers, 52. 

Conhover, Jacob, 31. 

Conn, William, 55, 127, 128, 132, 164, 166, 178, 201, 
202, 203, 204, 205. 

Connelly, Dr., 69. 

Conrad, Peter, 35. 

Continental Village destroyed, 12. 

Cook, Jesse, 33 ; Thomas, 34. 

Cornwallis, Gen., Lord, 3, 9, 10, n, 36. 

Cottle, Robert, 127, 144, 145, 163, 164, 166, 178, 200, 
201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Couch, John, 30. 

Couzens, John, 32. 

Coverley, Thomas, 38. 

Cox, Joseph, 38. 

Craig, John, 36. 

Grain, Isaac, 39. 

Cra(w)ford, John, 36 ; William, 35. 

Cronkheight, James, 32. 

Growl (Crowell), 31. 

Crown Point, 13. 

Croxel, Charles, 34. 

Cruger, 39. 

Culbertson, Samuel, 32. 

Cunningham, John, 34; Provost-Marshal, 27, 214. 

Gushing, Nathaniel, 45, 188, 190. 

Dade, 39. 

Dale, Samuel, 39, 123, 124,- 125, 126, 127, 12S, 130, 140, 
144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 



INDEX 



267 



174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 192, 194, 195, 
196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Danbury, destruction of, 7. 

Daniels, Japheth, 45. 

Darby (Derbey), Major, 55, 170, 171, 173, 174, 177, 
185, 187, 190 ; Nathaniel, 38. 

Dark, William, 30. 

Darlington, Robert, 34. 

Daton, , 32. 

Dauphin, celebration of birthday, 56. 

Davis, Benjamin, 34 ; Hezekiah, 34 ; Reason, 37. 

Day, Luke, 45. 

Dean, John, 30; Walter, 46. 

Decker, Peter, 32. 

De Donop, Col., 7. 

De Eaisting, Count, 25. 

Deed, Thomas Linkon, 261. 

Demasque, Ebenezer, 54, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 
140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 
190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 
203, 204, 205. 

Dickinson, Jeduthun, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 146, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 178, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Dimsey, William, 38. 

Dix, Nathan, 45. 

Dog, Samuel, 35. 

Douglis, Ephm., 39. 

Dover, Andrew, 36. 

Downs, Jesse, 203, 204, 205. 

Doyle, James, 191 ; Samuel, 155. 

Drew, Libbus, 36 ; Seth, 55. 

Duget, John, 33. 

Dunham, Amma, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 146, 160, 

163, 164, 166, 178, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Dunster, Jason, 203, 204, 205. 

Eaton, Noah, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 134, 140, 
144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 163, 

164, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 
190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200. 

Edwards, Enoch, 30 ; Nat., 33. 

Eggleston, , 30. 

Eldred, Samuel, 35. 

Elles, Jeremiah P., 38. 

Elliot, Abner, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 130, 140, 144, 145, 
147. 149. 153. 155' 157. 159. 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 
174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Ellis, William, 30. 

Ellit, , 128. 

Ely, John, 29, 69, 70, 71, 73, 76, 79. 

Emberson, Nehemiah, 46. 

Erskine, Gen., 3. 

Ervine, John, 34. 

Ervines, Leonard, 129, 144. 

Esopus destroyed, 13. 

Evans, Leonard, 43, 54, 123,125, 126, 127, 128, 140, 



145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 15s, 157, 158, 160, 163, 164, 
166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 
191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201,202, 203, 
204, 205. 

Everitt, Abner, 37. 
Evines, Thomas, 40. 

Fales, Samuel, 245. 

Farley, Michael, 32. 

Fatigue Party Order, 243. 

Fauntleroy, Moore, 31. 

Felt, Jonathan, 46. 

Field, Reuben, 36. 

Finley, John, 36 ; Samuel, 36. 

Finow, Ephm., 33. 

Fisher, Samuel, 31. 

Fitschew, Perrigrew, 38. 

Flaving, John, 31. 

Fleming, Stephen, 31. 

Forsdick, Thos. V., 37. 

Forts: Ann, 14; Clinton, 12; Edwards, 15, 22; 

George, 22; Lafayette, 25; Lee, 5; Miller, 15. 

Montgomery, 12, 19 ; Stanwix, 17, 18; Ticonderoga, 

4, 14, 19; Washington, 4, 5. 
Foster, Robert, 38. 
Fowler, Samuel, 38. 
Fowls, John, 46. 
Fox, Joseph, 45. 
Frances, Col., 44 ; Thomas, 46. 
Frazer, Gen., 13, 14, 18, 20. 
Fullar, Capt., 112, 114. 
Fuller, Francis, 55, 126, 128, 130, 134, 137, 140, 144 

146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 173, 174, 177, 
1S5, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199. 

Fuller, Nathan, 43, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 
140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 183, 184, 185, 187, 

188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 
202, 203, 204, 205. 

Furguson, William, 33. 
Furman, John, 36. 

Gale, John, 34. 

Galloway, Joseph, 3. 

Galvan, Letter of, lor. 

Ganseworth, Col., 17. 

Gates, Gen., 4, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 83, 104. 

George, William, 33. 

Germaine, Lord, 8. 

Gifford, William, 32. 

Gilbert, Samuel, 30. 

Gilbrith, Andrew, 30. 

Giles, Aquila, 30. 

Gill, ,27. 

Gillcreas, Adam, 29; Allezer, 31. 
Gilles, John, 203, 204, 205. 

Gimat (Gimot), Col., 144, 147, 157, 171, 174, 184, 
185, 187, 188, 190, 192, 195. 



268 



IxNDEX 



Gleen, Oliver, 39. 

Glintworth, James, 35. 

Glover, Gen., 55, 147, 148, 170, 171, 173, 174, 177, 
185, 1S6, 187, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202. 

Goll, Gen., 13, 20. 

Goodail, Joseph, 127. 

Goodail (Goodale) (Goodail), Solomon, 55, 123, 125, 
126, 128, 129, 133, 140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 
155. 157, 158. 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 
179, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 
196, 1 98, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Gooddale, Nat., 31, 45. 

Goodwin, Henry, 31. 

Grace, Richard, 34, 94. 

Grant, Gen., 3 ; Jesse, 35 ; Major, 14. 

Gratton, Col., 185. 

Gray, , 32; General, 10. 

Grayham, Jesse, 43, 54, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 
140, 144, 147, 149. 151. 153. 15s. 157, 15S. 160, 173, 
174. 177. 179. 1S5. 187, 1S9, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 
196, 198, 199. 

Green, Christopher, 29 ; Francis, 46 ; General, 1 1 ; 
John, 38. 

Grice, Francis, 34. 

Gurney, Thomas, 203, 204, 205. 

Guyer, Casper, 40. 

Haill, Nathan, 29. 
Hale, Col., 14. 

Hall, , 35 ; Ebenezer, 37. 

Hambleton, Gen., 13, 20, 22 ; James, 31. 

Hamilton Imbroglio, 102, 105, no. 

Hamilton, Lieut. -Gov., 69. 

Hamit, Daniel, 39. 

Hamrite, Henry, 32. 

Hand, Gen., 55, 104, 148, 171, 196. 

Harcourt, Col., 6. 

Hardman, Henry, 30. 

Harkimore, Gen., 17, 23. 

Harper, John, 39. 

Hartshorn, Thos., 46. 

Haskall, Elnathan, 45; Jonathan, 183, 200, 201, 202. 

Haslet, Col., 4, 7. 

Hastings, John, 45. 

Hays, ,30; John, 31. 

Hayvvard, Capt., 105; Benjamin, 45; James, 134, 144, 

174, 184, 185, 187, 190, 191. 
Heastin, Edward, 31. 
Helm, John, 33. 
Hemmingway, Brooks C, 33. 
Henderson, Wm., 55, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 146, 160, 

163, 164, 166, 178, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 

205. 
Henly, Samuel, 46. 

Henrekson, , 29. 

Henry, Thos., 40. 
Herrin, James, 31. 
Hevelin, John, 37. 



Hewson (Huston), John, 40; escape, 211; Letters, 
208-226. 

Higgings, Robert, 31. 

Higlebec, Dr., 19. 

Hill, Col., 14; Philip, 36. 

Hillery, Bignal, 38. 

Hitchman, Solsbury, 43, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 
128, 129, 133, 137, 140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 
15s. 157. 158. 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 
179, 183, 184, 185, 1S7, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 
196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Hobby, John, 46 ; Thomas, 29. 

Hodges, Hugh, 203, 204, 205. 

Hodson, Robert, 30. 

Hoit, Robert, 204, 205. 

Holbrook, David, 46. 

Holister, Jesse, 46. 

Holmes, Jonathan, 36; Samuel, 33. 

Holoday, John, 34. 

Holstid, Benj., 36. 

Hopkins, Elisha, 39 ; Ezekiel, 37. 

Houdin, M. J., 46. 

Houghberry, Henry, 38. 

How, Gen., 3, 5, 6; Lord, 8. 

Hull, James, 37. 

Humphrey, James, 31. 

Hunniwell, Israel, 32. 

Hunt, Thomas, 45. 

Hunter, Ephm., 36; John, 34. 

Huntington, Samuel, 70. 

Husaker, Col. N., 29 ; Nicholas, 126-128. 

Hutchens (Hutchins), John, 35, 55, 126, 128, 130, 137, 
140, 144, 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 173, 
174, 177, 185, 187, 1S8, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 
1 98, 199. 

Irvin, James, 29. 

Jackson, , 35 ; Patton, 34. 

Jamison, 37. 

Jenney, Thos., 35. 

Jennison, Col., 1S8. 

Jewell, Benj., 203, 204, 205. 

Johnston, 43, 124, 126; Col., 19; John, 39; Sir John, 
13, 17; Moses, 44, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 131, 135, 
145, 160, 163, 178, 185, 199. 

Jolley, Jabez, 43, 54, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 140, 144, 
145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 15s, 157, 158, 160, 163, 164, 
166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 
191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Jones, James, 36. 

Jonson, Nat., 55, 123, 125, 127, 12S, 130, 140, 144, 146, 
147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 
173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204^ 
205. 

Joyns, Lewis, 30. 



INDEX 



269 



Keeler, Isaac, 37 ; Sam'l, 40. 
Kendal, Mrs., 214. 
Kennedy (Canady), Thos., 39. 
Kerr, John, 35. 
Kihland, Peter, 29. 
Killam, Joseph, 46. 
Kilty, John, 37. 

Kimbil, John, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 146, 
149, 151, 153, 160, 163, 164, 166, 17S, 196, 198, 199, 

200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
King, Hugh, 34 ; Zebulon, 46. 
Knowlton, Daniel, 37. 

Knox, Major-Gen., 104, 105; Matthew, 33. 
Knyphausen, Gen., 5, 10. 

Lincoln, Rufus, 35, 46, 123, 125, 127, 129, 133, 134, 
13s. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140, 144. 145. 147, 149. 151. 
153. IS5' 157. 158. 160, 163, 166, 169, 171, 172, 174, 
177, 179, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 
192, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205, 244. 

Captured, 27 ; bill for clothing, 82 ; certificate of 
army vouchers, 245 ; constable commission, 255 ; 
claims for pay, 245 ; discharge from army, 27, 
55 ; family record, 43 ; march, Taunton to Ticon- 
deroga, 26 ; marriage, 55 ; moved to Norton, 55 ; 
moved to Wareham, 27, 55 ; left camp, 43, 55 ; 
prisoner of war claim, 252, 253, 254 ; recruiting 
account, 244 ; selectman, 44. 

Lincoln, Bradford, 43 ; Drusilla, 43 ; Experience, 
estate of, 262 ; Gamaliel, 43 ; George G., 43, 262 ; 
Grandfather (Nathaniel), 43; Grandmother (Alice), 
43; Ichabod, 43, 244; Lydia, 43; Minor S., 43; 
Nathaniel, 113, 256, 260; Pruda, 43 ; Rufus, Jr., 
43; Thomas, deed of, 261 ; Gen., 19, 21, 25. 

Laden, James, 40. 

Lakan, Joel, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 
145, 151, 153, 160, 163, 164, 166, 178, 198, 199, 200, 

201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Larned, Simon, 45. 

Laurence (Lawrence), John, 33 ; Nat, 37 ; William, 40. 

Lay, Asa, 35 ; Lee, 32. 

Leacy, Gen., 24. 

Lee, Andrew, 36 ; Daniel, 46 ; General, 6, 7. 

Lee, Major, 24, 25. 

Leggett, Abm., 38. 

Leonard, Spencer, 43. 

Lesley, Gen., 7. 

Lewis, Augustus, 33. 

Liles, Henry, 34. 

Lingan (Lincoln), James, 36. 

Little, Thomas, 35, 36. 

Logan, Samuel, 30. 

Long Island expedition, 8, 13. 

Lord, Elijah, 123; Simon, 46. 

Lovell, Owens, 55, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140, 144, 146, 
147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 
173. 174. 177. 178, 184, 185, 187, 1S8, 190, 191, 192, 



194, 195, 196, 19S, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Loyd, Batman, 35. 
Luckit, Thos. H., 33. 
Lunt, Daniel, 46. 
Lutts, Nicholas, 29. 
Lyndsay, Samuel, 34. 
Lyon, 32. 

McArthur, Alex., 36. 

McComerel, , 31. 

McCree, Miss, 15. 

McDaniel, John, 32. 

McFarling, James, 37 ; John, 37 ; William, 30. 

McHatton, John, 30 ; Samuel, 37. 

McKesek, Wm., 30. 

McKnight, , 32. 

McLagry, James, 29. 

McLasky, Alex., 39. 

McLaughry, John, 38. 

McLellan (McClellan), Samuel, 37. 

Magaw, Col., 5, 29, 69, 70, 71, 73, 76, 78, 79. 

Mains, James, 46. 

Manning, Lawrence, 39. 

March, Saratoga to White Marsh, 27. 

Marfits, Henry, 35. 

Marlin, Daniel, 32. 

Marshall, Chris., 45. 

Martin, Joseph, 33 ; Thomas, 36 ; William, 35. 

Mass. Captain List, 45. 

Massy, John, 34. 

Matthews, Col., 69, 70, 71, 73, 76, 78, 79; George, 29. 

Maxwell, Gen., 10, 24. 

Mayberry, Luke, 29. 

Maynard, 35 ; Jonathan, 46. 

Meigs, Col., 8. 

Memorial of Army to Congress, 59, 119. 

Mercer, Gen., death of, 7. 

Messenger to Gen. Burgoyne captured, 19; executed 

as spy, 20. 
Messer, John, 34. 
Millard, Thos., 36. 
Miller, Jeremiah, 45. 

Mills, John, 46, 192 ; Samuel, 39; William, 40, 46. 
More (Moore), James, 31, 85, 215 ; William, 46. 
Morgan, John, 33. 
Moroson, Joseph, 34. 
Morrace, James, 34. 
Moses Creek, 15. 
Mott, Ebenezer, 36. 
Muckford, John, 43, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 

131, 140, 144, 146, 147. 149. 151. 153. 15s. 157, 159, 
160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 178, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 

195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Mumme, Jacob, 37. 

Murry, Francis, 30. 
Musgrove, Col., 11. 
Myers, Godfrey, 36 ; Jacob, 38. 



270 



INDEX 



Nash, Gen., 12. 
Newman, Wm., 31. 

Nichols, Peter, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 12S, 130, 
140, 144, 146, 147. 149' 151. 153. 155. 157, 159. 160, 

163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 1S5, 187, 
188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 

202, 203, 204, 205. 
Niles, Sand., 38. 
North, Wm., 45. 
Northampton, , 178. 

O'Daniel, Ralph, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 146, 

160, 163, 166, 178, 205. 
O'Neil, John, 123, 131, 135, 137, 140, 146, I47. 155- 

158, 159, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 199, 200, 201, 202, 

203, 204. 

Ogborn, John, 35, 212. 
Olendorf, Chris., 36. 

Packard, Joshua, 55, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 145, 160, 

164, 166, 178, 199, 200, 20 1, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Pallin, Henry, 34. 

Parker, Sir Peter, 3 ; Thomas, 34. 

Parratt, Peter, 30. 

Patterson, Gen. John, 183, 184, 189, 193. 

Patton, Robert, 34. 

Paul, David, 32 ; James, 38 ; Peter, 37 ; Samuel, 112. 

Payn, Joseph, 38 ; Thomas, 36. 

Peekskill burned, 7. 

Pendleton, Nat., 33 ; Solomon, 34. 

Pension papers, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250. 

Perce, Silas, 46. 

Perry, Benj., 54, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140, 
144, 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159. 160, 163, 
164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 

191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 

204, 205. 

Perry, Caesar, 43, 55, 124, 126, 128, (29, 140, 144, 145, 
147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 163, 164, 166, 
173, 174, 177, 178, 183, 1S4, 185, 187, 1S8, 190, 191, 

192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Persons, Abm., 37 ; David, 31. 

Peters, Gen., 23. 

Pharamon's Edict against Duelling, 95. 

Philes, Charles, 33. 

Phillips, Maj.-Gen. Wm., 13, 18, 20, 22, 69, 71, 72i> 7^, 
78. 

Pike, Benj., 46. 

Pilsbury, Daniel, 45. 

Poems: To Capt. H , 65; Friendship. 81; Re- 
demption, 86 ; Colin's Complaint, 92. 

Poestley, John, 33. 

Polhamos, Tobias, 36. 

Polston, John, 31. 

Poor, David, 35. 

Pope, Capt., 4 ; Isaac, 45. 

Porter, Samuel, 114. 



Potter, David, 29 ; Nat, 31. 

Potts, Joseph, 31. 

Powell, Gen., 13. 

Pratt, Ephm., 203, 204, 205 ; Dier, 244 ; Paul, 56. 

Pray, John, 46. 

Prescott, Gen., captured, 9. 

Preston, Wm., 36. 

Prichard, Thos., 46. 

Pringle, Capt., 4. 

Prisoners of war, exchange of^ 69, 70, 71, 73, 74. 

Putnam, Col., 185, 187; Gen., 104; John, 123, 131, 

144, 146, 155. 157. 173. 174, 177. 185, 187, 188, 190, 

191. 

Ralle, Col., 7. 

Ramsey, Col. Nat'l, 29, 69, 70, 71, 73, 76, 78, 79. 

Raymond (Ramon, Raimon), James, 123, 126, 128, 129, 
144, 146, 149, 151, 153, 173, 174, 177, 183, 184, 185, 
187, 188, 190, 191, 196, 198, 199. 

Randolph, Robert, 35 ; Nat. fiz, 32. 

Rankin, Robert, 34. 

Redock, Joseph, 40. 

Reed, , 38. 

Regiments to be raised by States, 8. 

Reid, John, Jr., 112, 115. 

Reidesel, Gen., 13, 14, 18, 20, 22, 77. 

Remick, Timothy, 46, 185, 187. 

Requaw, Isaac, 39. 

Reynolds, Thos., 29. 

Riche, Wm., 38. 

Richerson, Augustus, 40; John, 33. 

Rickard, , 163. 

Ricker, Simeon, 55, 123, 126, 127, 128, 131, 140, 146, 
147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 158, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 
178, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 
203, 204, 205. 

Riley, John, 35. 

Robenson, Wm., 39. 

Robins, John, 38. 

Robinson, Andrew, 36. 

Rogers, Joseph, 33 ; rangers captured, 4. 

Ross, George, 43, 54, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140, 
144, 145, 147. 149. 151. 153. 155. 157. 159. 160, 163, 
164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 185, 187, 190, 191, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Rouse, Thomas, 38. 

Rudolph, John, 36. 

Runels, Nathan, 37. 

Rutherford, Samuel, 38. 

Sample, Robert, 31. 
Saratoga campaign, 13, 16, 26, 27. 
Saratoga, convention of, 13, 22, 
Savannah captured, 24. 
Savash (Savage), John, 38. 
Scamell, Col., 1S4, 1S5, 1S7, 188. 
Scarborough, John, 38. 
Schuyler, Gen., 15, 16. 



\\ 



INDEX 



271 



Scott, Wm., 30. 

Seley, Samuel, 44 ; Isaac, 32. 

Seers, Col., 12. 

Severs, James, 44, 157, 158, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 
190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196. 

Sewill, Henry, 45. 

Shadock, Thos., 32. 

Shelby, Col., 24. 

Sheppard, , 37. 

Sherborn, Major, 12. 

Sherman, Henry, 38. 

Shimer, Isaac, 37. 

Shot, John B., 31. 

Shugart, Zachariah, 34. 

Shurtleff, Joseph, 39. 

Sillemon, Gold. S., 29, 39. 

Simes, James, 37. 

Simmons, Fifer, 128, 145, 151, 153, 160, 164, 166; 
Perez, 54, 126, 128, 129, 133, 135, 140, 144, 147, 149 
151. 153. 15s. 157. 158, 160, 163, 173, 174, 177, 179. 
184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198 
199,205; Sebre, 54, 125, 126, 127, 130, 140, 144 
147; 149. 151. 15s. 157. 159. 173. 174. 177. 178, 179. 
183, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198 
199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204. 

Simson, John, 30. 

Smith, 43, 128 ; Ebenezer, 45, 46 ; Edward, 37 ; Alex- 
ander, 135, 144, 174, 177, 183; Elijah, 31; Israel, 
44, 123, 125, 127, 129, 135, 144, 145, 151, 153, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 183, 184, 185, 187, 
188, 191, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205; J., 
126; James, 35, 215 ; John K., 45 ; Jonathan, 38 ; 
Silvanus, 45. 

Smock, Barney, 31 ; John, 29. 

Sneed, Charles, 34; Smith, 31. 

Snow, Silas, 35. 

Snyder, Conrad, 30. 

Songs: To Tune of British Grenadier, 89; Colin's 
Complaint, 92 ; Ye Brave Sons of Freedom, 88. 

Soward, Prince, 55, 124, 126, 128, 131, 140, 144, 
146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159. 160, 163, 164, 
166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 1S5, 1S7, 188, 190, 191, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 
. Specht, Gen., 13, 20, 22. 

Spencer, 126, 128; David, 35; Thomas, 55, 123, 125, 
127, 130, 140, 144, 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 
159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 185, 
187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 
201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Spotswood, John, 31. 

Sprague, Lydia, 55; Minor, in. 

Spy tree, The, 20. 

Stainer, Caleb, 215. 

Standley, Wm., 36. 

Staner, Roger, 31. 

Staten Island, skirmishes, 3, 4, 14, 16. 

St. Clair, Gen., 14, 16. 



St. Ledger, Col., 16, 17. 

Stephens, Asa, 44; Benjamin, 55, 123, 124, 125, 126, 
127, 128, 131, 140, 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 159, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 178, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 
201, 202, 203, 204, 205; General, 11 ; Simeon, 203, 
204, 205. 

Sterling, Lord, 9; Col., 11. 

Steuben, Gen., 195, 198, 200. 

Stewart, Col. Walter, 196, 200, 205. 

Stokely, Charles, 38. 

Stoksbury, John, 35. 

Stone, Jonathan, 46. 

Stores, Benjamin, 39. 

Story, William, 46. 

Stout, Abm., 35. 

Straton, Aaron, 34. 

Sugerman, Shugerman, Suckermug, Joel, 55, 123, 125, 
126, 127, 128, 129, 132, 133, 140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 
151. 153. 155- 157, 158. 160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 

177, 178, 179, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 
194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Sullivan, Gen., 3, 10, 11, 12, 24. 
Summers, Jacob, 38. 
Sumner, Job, 45. 
Sumpter, Col., 26. 
Swift, Col., 187. 

Swon (Swan), , 32. 

Swope, Michael, 29. 

Swortwout, Cornelius, 33 ; Henry, 38. 

Tallow, James, 32. 

Tanner, Thos., 33. 

Tarlton, Col., 26. 

Tayler, Isaiah, 130, 137, 144, 146, 155, 157, 159, 173, 

174, 177, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192 ; Othneil, 

46 ; Timothy, 37. 
Taylor, Isaac, 134; Major Daniel, English spy, 19, 

20. 
Teacle, Lieut., 36. 

Thatcher, , 30 ; Capt., 4 ; Nat., 38. 

Thewltt, Thos., 31. 

Thomson, Col., 25 ; John, 38 ; Joseph, 30 ; Thomas, 

29 j William, 29. 
Thorp, Eliphalet, 46. 
Tillard, Edw., 30. 
Tilley, Samuel, 43, 54, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 140, 145, 

147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 160, 163, 164, 166, 

178, 179, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 
203, 204, 205. 

Tilton, Wm., 33. 

Tisdal (Tisdil), James, 45 ; George, 115. 

Toles, Oliver, 30 

Trescott, L., 234. 

Triscott, Samuel, 112, 114. 

Trotter, John, 46. 

Tryon, Gen., 7, 12. 

Tubbs, Joseph, 129, 135, 137, 140, 144, 145, 155, 157, 



272 



INDEX 



158, 173. 174, 177, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 

192. 
TurnbuU, Charles, 33. 
Turner, Jonathan, 46; Nathan, 203, 204, 205; Thomas, 

46. 
Tylar (Tylor), Moses, 54, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 131, 

146, 151, 153, 160, 163, 164, 166, 195, 198, 199, 200, 
201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Vanbrunt, 30. 

Van Tassell, Cornelius, 35, 36. 

Vaughan, Gen., 12 ; John, 38. 

Vickery, Elijah, 44. 

Vilas, Noah, 54, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 130, 144, 146, 

147, 149, 151, 153, 15s, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 
173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 1S7, 188, 190, 191, 
192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 

Von Heister, Gen., 3. 

Washington, Geo., 70, 79 ; General, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 
76, 77, 78, 102, 104. 

Wade, Abner, 46. 

Walker, Robert, 35, 46. 

Wallace, Sir James, 12. 

Wallis, Benj., 32. 

Ward, Barnard, 33. 

Warren, Benj., 183. 

Waterbury, David, 29 ; General, 4. 

Watson, Abm., 32 ; William, 46. 

Wayne, Gen., 10, 25. 

Webb, Col., 23 ; George, 45 ; Samuel B,, 29. 

Wells, Levi, 30. 

Wescot, Joel, 40. 

West, Ebenezer, 39. 

Wever, Jacob, 32. 

Whig and Tory, origin of names, 89. 

White, Hafield, 45 ; Major, 12. 

Whitin, Frank Jones, 39. 

Whiting, Samuel, 36. 

Whitlock, James, 34. 

Widman, John, 38 ; Matthew, 33. 

Wilkes, Robert, 33. 

Wilson, Charles, 39. 

Will of Nathaniel Lincoln, 256 ; probate papers, 260. 

Will of Old England, 91. 

Williams, , 123, 126, 128 ; Abraham, 45; Daniel, 

32; Capt. Gideon, 56; John, 40, 45, 135, 144, 174, 
177, 178; Joseph, 45, 55, 123, 125, 127, 130, 140, 



128, 


129, 


158, 


1 60, 


184, 


185, 


i99» 


200, 


178, 


201, 


126, 


128, 


159. 


160, 


188, 


190, 


202, 


203, 


128, 


129, 


157, 


158. 


184, 


185, 


200, 


201, 



144, 147, 149, 151, 153, 15s, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 

166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 

192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 
205. 

Williamson, 30. 

Willing, James, 32. 

Willis, James, 54, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 
140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 183, 
187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 

201, 202, 203, 204, 205. 
Willis, John, 31. 
Willson, Henry, 55, 127, 128, 132, 145, 166, 

202, 203, 204 ; Martin, 205 ; Mirick, 55, 

130, 140, 144, 146, 147. 149, 153. 155. 157. 
163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 185, 187, 
191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 
204, 205. 

Windsor, Peter, 43, 44, 55, 123, 125, 126, 127, 
133, 140, 144, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153. 155, 
160, 163, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 183, 
187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 198, 199, 
202, 203, 204, 205. 

Winslovv, Joseph, 112. 

Wise, John, 203, 204, 205. 

Witt, Stephen, 203. 

Wodson, Tarlton, 30. 

Wolkoot (Walcott), Erastus, 34. 

Wolton, Benj., 35. 

Wood, Caleb, 55, 123, 125, 126, 128, 131, 146, 149, 151, 
153, 160, 163, 164, 178, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200; F., 
126, 128, 151 ; Japhet, 55, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 

131. ^33< 13s, 140, 146, 147, 149, 155' 158, 159, 160, 
163, 164, 166, 178, 179, 188, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 
196, 198, 199, 200, 201. 

Woodbridge, Chris., 46 ; Col., 19. 
Woodson, Robert, 34. 
Wooster, Gen., 7. 

Word, , 29. 

Worman, Thomas, 35. 
Wotles, Mason, 34, 46. 
Wray, John, 39. 
Write, Gen., 30. 

Wyckoff, , 29. 

Wynn, Thos., 36. 

Yennison, Col., 188. 
Young, Wm., 36. 



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